(完整word版)有机化学题库-合成

385-42.以苯为原料（其它试剂任选）合成1,2－二氯苯乙烷。23-NBSITCHCH3KOHBrC2H5OHCH=CH25-43.由氯代环己烷和丙烯为原料合成：\_r(CH2)3OHCl(CMg)O*e)-MgCl+CH2=CHCH2Clb2h6CH2CH=CH2"hO7O?Cl(ch2)3ohCH2=CHCH3500C"CH2=CHCH2Cl5-44.以苯和乙烯等为原料合成：《=；iCH2CH2OHMgBr+CH.O^CH-H3°+BrMg―*-（C2H5）2Och=ch2+丄o2亠Ch2-ch222T22250°C、O”25-46ch2ch=ch2,oCHCHOHD(i)(ii)倔】uGHjCJIiCHfCH,)；-El-rjCHjCHjCHq匚一CHjCIICII,-BrFe5-45如何从相应的烷煙、环烷煙制备下列化合物?MgSrGH.CHCH]CHjCCHJ.CH用&于碌戒右午縑以下的盧化物合疇下列化合物'(i)CHjCHJE(ii)CH^CHjKCH=CH2Q]Li八2CH,LiC-(CHJiCuLi空空比CH^GHjLCH,(ii)H^C^CHCHjHr—H『U=CH€H2Li2H3C=CHCH』i沁(H应=CHCH3)^uLi'町口‘吧CH^CH^CH=CH2Cut-i5-47CuLiCH.V=-CHCH用&个碳真下的卤代魅(包括6伞碰)合騰卜列化合物.ch3「Mh严CTiCH:CHzCH(CHs^hi)匚＞CHCH=CH:CHiCHjCHCHJ.i匸＞CH&=CH仇①匸】ch3CH,CH£H=Cq[上一CH.CH=CL[CH.CHiCHjCHCHJ.i匸＞CH&=CH仇①匸】ch3CH,CH£H=Cq[上一CH.CH=CL[CH.CuX小*Icit&凡b.u—jql5-48CK：CH,CH$CHCHQCH.CHCHJJHiC-CHOlitlH,(：^CHC1JL]寫5(C^CHCHjJ.CiiL^HSC=CHCH.CHX/HCff.CH—(HtC=CHCH)2CuLl(ij)H^-CHCHC!(iii)(iv)用(iii)(iv)用1-甲基环亘燼为原料，舍咸T列化舎物.CHBr(ii)土C.HjONaghqX(ThaToh-(DCHBr(ii)土C.HjONaghqX(ThaToh-(D过戲闵HOOHO(用UH)O-CCHjCH^COOH5-49选用合适的原料制备T列也含物.BiCCHCY?HClIIIICOCHach^coci--二—CH.COHNZn；：HC>H?NBiCCHCY?HClIIIICOCHach^coci--二—CH.COHNZn；：HC>H?N-CHjCHjCH!「CH^CH^OCL5-50用苯巔不超过工牛诜祿子的醇股必要的试搁合於下列化仑物.(1)CHjCHCHjCH^HCH,(iifl-^-OZN弋》CHtCH,-J*ClCHjCOCl伽亍㈣COH阿€H3oh^2^-coch;chxcooh(ii)CHjCHiCI^CHCH.CH.CH^OH(iil)CHjCHjCCHiCHiCHjCH}CH)0B10B1⑴(CH^CHOH『虹J：j(CH.^CHMgBr-吕](CH^CHE也CHQH把邓EMIcyHjUPJiUi)Gii}OHClJjCH.CH.CHOCHjCHlCHjCHCH.CH.CH,OHCH3CH£CHOCHtCH--^^^r-CIIjCILCHCHXILCHjOH欝CHmlcHQ硕彰坐竺胆CH隅CCHgdHrOHFEjliv)(CHJjCHOH丄（申心N1映空虫妙一整甲CH上HCW砂ClCH^HjCHCHCCHJ.,(CH^tC-=CHCHi占备（CH5测(vi)Hqj-o,ngZnOi,frJirCHC1口OH申MgCI込吗皆jCHCHj1[CW二匚HCH]5-51用不郵过&个碳愿于的化舍樹合咸下列it合SL(ii)CH3OCH(CH}hOCHjCHjCH.-OCH,OCHjCHjCH.-OCH,CHjCHjBr十(CH3)3CON?i—-CH1CHjOC(CHJ3CHJ+(CHiJjCHONa—CH.OCH(CHa)z(iij)O+^CH3Mgl(ii;CH伽〕CH,5-52从苯」卩苯、开戊烷以及不趙过3个碳原(ii;CH伽〕CH,5-52从苯」卩苯、开戊烷以及不趙过3个碳原子的化合鞠及必要的试刑昔琨下列化會物一(v)CH,-CHOCH=CHSOC\H,(Vij{CHJ.C-CIL、'ZBi—MgBrH?ANaQH・■Bi0亠巩Bi—MgBrH?ANaQH・■Bi0亠巩,IL/；rNaO«Br*%STKft「＞血語Ti徵QHBrUlkOHHQCJljCOjJINajOOx5-53Br(lj>OHBr由苯酚山发哥成下列化合物.1(CH.\COBrCHjCH=CHj5-54用甲苯.1-甲基荼及其他必栗的有机，无机试剂合成.C]OHClCl(11)BrOH5-55试用合送的原料合成下列牝會物.OHH.BrCHjKglCHOgCHi-COOHC?OCHJCH-（与邻世分畫）乏水己StCH-CHjCHjCaCO.RrHOQH<ui)LL□HOH(ii)(CH31CHCHO(iii)2(CH^CHCHO―北台樹Oji)f解】〔i)CH,CHSCHO+3HCHO牝音辆(i)5-56用指定原料及嘅鑒的试剂舍煎下列北合物,(i)JACH3eH=CH3合我CHKHpCHfQO口从H匸CHO舎庭H*CCHCOOH(HOAkCH.CH^HO^T^S(HOAkCH.CH^HO^T^S(iv)ABrtCHjJjCOOH合嵐［］「話。OH丄(Vi)HOfCH^.COaH舍成垃出j=o一曲OH聖£HjC-^3^~CHCOOH(i)GH3CH二兀爲虫型CH^CHCHaBr星空罟CHjCHChjCOOHOHOH5-57由五礁醇収丘必要的OH丄(Vi)HOfCH^.COaH舍成垃出j=o一曲OH聖£HjC-^3^~CHCOOH(i)GH3CH二兀爲虫型CH^CHCHaBr星空罟CHjCHChjCOOHOHOH5-57由五礁醇収丘必要的试剂合成下列化合物(11)jCH^CHjCHCOOH(诃CH/THCH^WCJi,(町CH/CHJ^COOH(viiJCH^CHj^COOH(1>CHXCH^CHBrCHjBr(iv>CHjJCHJJXXXJHi>i>CH^CHjCOOH(viii)CH/M.CHCHCOOCH}HjCOBf［解】GOm*1(ii)CHjCHjCHjCHjCHjOH•CH^CHjCH/^ijCHO兰划OH<XXJH蓉_M^_卑零」」■«.陲H(Lil)生(CH』呼H艮OOH出电(CHJjCHCMrOOC^j■OH■H(iv)CH竺秽詁CHjQTQHjBQI闭eB「竺军器码CH何,CHQd阿理為竺靜CH^-WOH(i}CH^CHjCHiCH^HjOH^►CH1CH1CHiCM±CH^r-^i^^5cHjCH^CHtCHiGHjC=CHO从CHjCCH-jC^COOH合应H匚(V)由得CH/CHMH马CH曲HJ曲宝晋(Vi>CHjCHjCHCHlCH]^SkCHjCHjCOOHOH(Vll)由⑴咼CH/CHJjC三CH:詈UH&CHjyCNi仇fHjCHj).三CCH£H£H£N■^CtycHjU三aCEJ’COOHMhI2H]CHXCR^OOH5-58【解】(i)(CHACCOH-竺空应空H為赵皿O0(ii)CH3CH3COH竺「€H3CH3CC1(也小"戈CHjCH.COCfCHJ,UOOPCIIIPJ0P|Jl|(iii)CH3CHiC?H1COH—CH3CH2CH2CCICH3CH3CH3COCfiH3(iv)CH^H.COE妙&a?Ho(V)CCHjC^O-CT]CHCHjCHi-CHjCOCMCHiCH]5-59/CHxtMh(vi)CH*fCH£OOHqH码of—CJOCjHj井Hj一COCJCOHJCQfCIIo0II1TJ：H1□CONHCHjCH.CNHCH用指定原料及必宴的试拥台成.⑴氛热合血aych/:ni(ch也(ii)風葦會虑OII(iii)从商亍兽化合物合成GH.CHiGHiCNHCHiCHj(iv)从膚个确北合诲合成CHQHCHid]匚OOHaiCHtCN(CHA黑?CHjCHiCHCH,rlCHjCHjCHjCOH00陋再竺ch^Ahch：5-60从揺定原料合成纯净的揩定产物.nh2(i)从戊二Sf合战谷®(HOOCCHCHjCHiCOOH),/化\(1D从瓠丁煖h—j-a合虚〔閃-卜嘏碁丁烷ICH^/AOHNHH'EocCHjOHHOaCCHCH.CH^OOH0”卜氯丁烷肉昵・P(曲比量】\CHjCF^M亠H叫阻i一目CHjCHj(W-2-*TftDMF5-61从苯.不超过5个碳的有机物及其他必要试剤通过还麝氨（肢）化方袪售虑・NH.1'CHCHj帥)<CHJCHJCH3CH>CH?}tNCHjCH.cGHjCHsCHCH^H-OCH.cGHjCHsCHCH^H-OCHiM~-JK-°B'-CHjCHjCtiCHiCHjOH-CH:nh3I亦花CH.CH^HCH.CH^H.frv〕2CH，frv〕2CH，C%CHtCH£HO十NH工竺用NhHjOIEKQNH.-—■—+-NHj(CH>CH3CH1CH1CHJ)lNHHOQOH,AHCHO(CH+CH’CHrCH’CHJrNCH占IICH/7a-rAJC1,5-62应用重氮化反起由甲苯制鲁邻甲苯甲踽，井写岀車辄基轉变成輒基这一步的反应机堪

【解】合感:5-63(Ml5-64U)由合成(词由不相过s个礁的化合勒合腔jO人(iv)5-64U)由合成(词由不相过s个礁的化合勒合腔jO人(iv)由乙St乙箴乙胡、捲定化合樹及叠要试拥合成.(10o/r/