2023学年河南省重点中学高考英语一模试卷（含解析）

2023学年高考英语模拟测试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Allenfollowedhiscustomeracrosstheyardandstoodonthestepofthehouse,twoshoppingbags.A．lifted B．havinglifted C．tolift D．lifting2．He______achancetotryitagainjustnow.A．gaveB．willgiveC．isgivenD．wasgiven3．---Thefreegiftdoesn’tlookgood.---_____,madam,butifyouwantgoodquality,youhavetopayforit.A．Nodoubt B．NooffenceC．Noproblem D．Noway4．Facedwiththedilemma,thecompanycommittee________apublicstatement,appointingthecapablemantobeitsnewglobalchieffinancialofficer.A．pulledoutB．putoutC．reachedoutD．drewout5．TheLushanMountain,occupyinganareaof302squarekilometers,possessesrichculturalandgeological__________.A．attractions B．amusements C．entertainments D．presentations6．—Youlooksleepytoday.—__________nottomisstheflight,Ididn'tdaretoclosemyeyesthewholenight.A．Reminded B．BeingremindedC．Reminding D．Havingreminded7．When____tofeelunworthy,childrenoftenworkextrahardtopleasetheirparents．A．tomake B．making C．made D．havingmade8．MorethanaquarteroftheenergyintheUnitedStatesgoestomovingpeopleandgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.A．using B．used C．touse D．use9．Itwasn’tuntilthen_______theirmarriagewasbreakingupbecausetheyhadlittleincommon.A.didIrealize B.thatIrealizedC.hadIrealize D.whenIrealized10．Asasurgeon,Icannotanymistakes;itwouldbedangerousforthepatient.A．appreciate B．removeC．offer D．afford11．Tofetchwaterbeforebreakfastseemedtomearule______.A．toneverbreak B．nevertohavebrokenC．nevertobebroken D．nevertobebreaking12．Youaresupposedtoleaveyourchild________hishomeworkalone.A．do B．todoC．beingdone D．done13．Yet_______intheprocessofdevelopmentdidtheystoptoconsidertheimpactoftheir“progress”onnature.A．innotimeB．atnopointC．aslikelyasnotD．moreoftenthannot14．Tomfinallydecidedto________andgivehimselfuptothepolice,whichallowedhimtogetawaywithonlyasmallfine.A．killthefattedcalf B．facethemusicC．seethehandwritingonthewall D．beablacksheep15．Peoplewhodrinkanddriveare________dangerbothtothemselvesandtoothers.Theyarein________dangeroflosingtheirlives.A．the;the B．a;a C．a;/ D．/;/16．Petersurvivedintheaccidentwhenhefelloverboardyesterday.He_______escapeddrowning.A．nearly B．slightly C．narrowly D．hardly17．Inspiteof_________hasbeensaid,quitealotofpeoplearestilluncertainaboutthestateofthecountry’seconomy.A．what B．whichC．that D．as18．Hissisterlefthomein1998,and_________________since.A．hadnotbeenheardof B．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardof D．hasnotheardof19．Onceyou’ve________theitemsyouordered,putthisrecordinyourfile.A．checkedin B．checkedoffC．checkedout D．checkedwith20．—Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh,it'stoobad.You________havemadefullpreparations.A．must B．can C．would D．should第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Chinaplanstolaunch156smallsatellitesby2025toprovideInternetservicesinlowsignalareasandplaceswithadversenaturalenvironment,accordingtoChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorporation(CASIC).Duetoenvironmentalconditionsofdeserts,mountainsandseas,halfoftheworld'spopulationhasnoaccesstotheInternet,andtheinformationdeficiencyhamperslocaldevelopment.ItwillbeChina'sfirstbroadbandInternetaccesssystemwithsmallsatelliteshoveringinloworbit,whichwillalsohelpmeettheneedsofcommercialspacedevelopment.Theproject,namedHongyun,planstosendthefirstsatelliteby2019,andlaunchfourmoreby2020.Bytheendof2025,CASICplanstohaveallofthe156satellitesinoperation.TheHongyunProiect,whichfocusesoncommunication,remotesensingandnavigation,canoffercommunicationandInternetservicesforChinaandless-developed3countrieswithreducedlatency.Meanwhile,theprojectcanalsobenefitemergencycommunication,sensordatacollectionandremotecontrolofunmannedequipment.Currently,internationalmaritimesatellitesarewidelyusedincommunicationsinmountainousareasandairplanes,butthosesatellites,36,000kilometersabovetheEarth,havetimeandsignaldelayaswellashighcostforprovidingservices.ThesmallsatellitessentbytheHongyunProjectwillhoverinloworbitsonlyhundredsofkilometersto1,000kilometersabovetheEarth,andthuscouldimprovetheInternetaccess.However,theloworbitsatellitesmayfacechallengesinpowersupply,astheyneedmoreenergytoreducetheinfluenceofair-resistancecomparedtohighorbitsatellites.Experimentsareneededtodeterminewhethersolarenergyaloneisenough.1、Accordingtothepassage,________________.A．156satelliteswillbelaunchedbytheHongyunProjectby2020B．internationalmaritimesatellitescancausesignaldelayC．TheHongyunProjectmaynotencouragecommercialspacedevelopmentD．loworbitsatellitesarecurrentlyusedwidelyincommunicationsinmountainousareas2、Theunderlinedword“hampers”inParagraph2probablyrefersto________.A．accelerates B．determinesC．prevents D．promotes3、WhichofthefollowingisnotincludedintheHongyunProject?A．CommunicationandNavigation. B．Remotesensing.C．Datacollection. D．Solarenergy.4、Loworbitsatellitesneedmoreenergyinorderto________.A．providemoreaccuratedata B．improvetheInternetaccessC．reducetheeffectofair-resistance D．facemorechallenges22．（8分）Digitalgrounding（限制）iswhenparentsorcaregiverslimitorcompletelytakeawayaccesstotechnologyfromchildren.AccordingtoastudyconductedbyPewResearch,65%ofparentshavedigitallygroundedtheirteenbytakingawaytheirteen’scellphoneorInternetaccessaspunishment.Becausechildrenaresoconnectedwiththeirtechnologies,digitalgroundingmayseemlikealogicalstepforparents.Takeawayachild’smostcherisheditemandtheywillquicklylearnfromtheirbehavior.Buttheideaofdigitalgroundingisn’tasclear-cutasthat.Instead,itmaybealose-losesituationforparentsandkids,alike.Formostparents,thegoalofgroundingisn’ttomaketheirchildrenunhappyorsad.Itistoteachalessoninthehopethattheywon’tengageinwhateverbehaviorgotthemintroubleinthefirstplace.Unfortunately,though,digitalgroundingisoftenjustpunishment,notdiscipline.Ifachildstaysoutpastcurfew(约定的最晚回家时间),apunishmentwouldbehittingoryellingatthem.Disciplinewouldbenotlettingthemgooutthenextweekendbecausetheyfailedtofollowrules.We’veallbeenthere—we’vecaughtourchilddoingsomethingwrongandintheheatofthemomentlaidoutastrictpunishment.Wemayhavebeenfeelinghot-headed,embarrassed,orupset.Often,though,thesepunishmentsdon’talign（结盟）withthebadbehavior.Whiledigitalgroundingmaysolvetheproblemtemporarily,itwon’tprovidechildrenwiththeguidancetheyneedtoactappropriatelyinthefuture.Insteadofgrounding,showyourchildwhattheydidwrongandgivethemthechancetoactdifferently.Thisway,theywilllearnfromtheirmistakesinapracticalmannerandfigureoutwaystobesafeandsmartwithtechnology.There’snodenyingit:technologyishereforthelong-haul.Thisiswhysomeparentingexpertsdon’trecommenddigitallygroundingyourchildren.Itdoesn’tfocusontheendgoalofsafebehavior.Theyrecommendteachingthemgoodhabitsassoonaspossible,ratherthantakingawaytheirtechnology.Bydigitallygroundingthem,youareputtingabandageoverthewound,ratherthantreatingit.Now,whenwesaythatdigitalgroundingisalose-losesituation,we’renotsayingthatdiscipliningyourchildreningeneralisalose-losesituation.Disciplineisagreatwaytoteachchildrenlessons,whenusedappropriately.1、Whichofthefollowingisaproperformofdisciplineaccordingtotheauthor?A．Hittingoryellingatchildren.B．Layingoutastrictpunishmentintheheatofthemoment.C．Takingawayaccesstocellphonesfromchildrencompletely.D．Forbiddingkidstogooutthenextweekendiftheystayoutpastcurfew.2、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofdigitalgrounding?A．Itbenefitschildrenagreatdeal.B．Itisnobetterthandisciplining.C．Parentscanuseittocorrectkids’behavior.D．Neitherparentsnorchildrengainbenefitsfromit.3、Whatdoestheauthorsuggestparentsdoinsteadofgrounding?A．Givekidsmorefreetime. B．Helpkidsformgoodhabits.C．Actappropriatelyinpublic. D．Putabandageoverthewound.4、What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toinformusofwaysofpunishingkids.B．Toexplainwhatdigitalgroundingmeans.C．Toshowhowtoparentchildrenindigitaltimes.D．Toprovedigitalgroundingisnotagoodparentingway.23．（8分）Whatmakesafamily?Howdofamilymemembersgetalongwitheachother?JapanesedirectorHirokazuKoreedatriestoanswerthesequestionsinhisfilms.Hislaterstfilm,Shoplifters,isabouthisfavritetopic–familyrelations.Withthisfilm,Koreedawonthisyear’sPalmed’Or(金棕榈奖),theCannesFilmFestival’stophonor.ShoplifterstellsthestoryofapoorfamilylivinginTokyo.Threegenerationslivingunderthesameroofsurvivebystealingfromlocalshops.Obviously,whattheyaredoingiswrong.Butthedirectorfocusesmoreontheheartwarmingdetailsofthefamily’sdailylife,accordingtoThePlayist.Koreedashowshowthefamilymemebersloveandsupporteachother.Forexample,thefamilyplansabeachtripfortheyoungestsister.Theycarefullypickoutswimwearforthegirl.Atthebeach,theyplayhappily.Thegirldrawsapicturetohelpherremembertheirtimetogether.Thiscausesviewerstoforgetabouttheirmoraljudgments(道德审判).ThisisanotherfeatureofKoreeda’sfilmingstyle.Heisgoodatpresentingordinarylife.It’sslowandfullofsmalldetails–sometimesit’sevenboring.Butthereistension(冲突)presentaswell.InShoplifters,thesurpriseisthatthefamilymemembersdon’tactuallyhavebloodtiestoeachother,buttheyarestillcloserthanarealfamily.Theyallhavetheirownstories.InJapanandmostotherAsiancountries,bloodtiesarewhatdefines(定义)family.ButKoreedaquestionsthatbylookingatdifferentkindsofrelations.1、HowdoesthefamilyintheShopliftersmakealiving?A．Bydrawingpictures.B．Byworkinginlocalshops.C．Bybeggingfromneighbors.D．Bystealingfromthelocalstores.2、WhatisthefeatureofKoreeda’sfilmingstyle?A．Notensionpresentatall.B．Beingfullofsmallboringdetails.C．Focusingonthehardtimeofpoorfamilies.D．Showingordinarylifethroughthedetailsofdailylife.3、WhatdoesKoreedawanttoshowusinthemovie?A．Themeaningofafamily.B．Howtogetlongwithourfamilies.C．TheordinarylifeinaJapanesefamily.D．Thedifferentrelationshipinapoorfamily.4、Thispassageismainlyabout_____.A．familyrelationsB．afilmdirectedbyKoreedaC．afamousJapanesedirectorD．featuresofKoreeda’sfilms24．（8分）Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents’pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents’completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.Inthisarticle,I’lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelonunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen’shair,thecleannessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild’sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthetopicis—politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg—thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they’llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.1、Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparentteenwartoaborderconflict?A．Bothcancontinueforgenerations.B．Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.C．Neitherhasanyclearwinner.D．Neithercanbeputtoanend.2、WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A．Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.B．Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.C．Theteensaccusetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.D．Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.3、Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto__________.A．giveorderstotheother B．knowmorethantheotherC．gainrespectfromtheother D．gettheothertobehaveproperly4、Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A．Causesfortheparent-teenconflictsB．Examplesoftheparent-teenwarC．Solutionstotheparent-teenproblemsD．Futureoftheparent-teenrelationship25．（10分）Iamawriter.Ispendagreatdealofmytimethinkingaboutthepoweroflanguage一thewayitcanevoke(唤起）anemotion,avisualimage,acomplexidea,orasimpletruth.Languageisthetoolofmytrade.AndIusethemall—alltheEnglishesIgrewupwith.BornintoaChinesefamilythathadrecentlyarrivedinCalifornia,I’vebeengivingmorethoughttothekindofEnglishmymotherspeaks.Likeothers,Ihavedescribedittopeopleas“broken”English.Butfeelembarrassedtosaythat.IthasalwaysbotheredmethatIcanthinkofnowaytodescribeitotherthan“broken”，asifitweredamagedandneededtobefixed,asifitlackedacertainwholeness.I’veheardothertermsused，“limitedEnglish,”forexample.Buttheyseemjustasbad，asifeverythingislimited,includingpeople’sperceptions(认识)ofthelimitedEnglishspeaker.Iknowthisforafact,becausewhenIwasgrowingup,mymother's“limited”Englishlimitedmyperceptionofher.IwasashamedofherEnglish.IbelievedthatherEnglishrejectedthequalityofwhatshehadtosay.Thatisbecausesheexpressedthemimperfectlyherthoughtswereimperfect.AndIhadplentyofevidencetosupportme:thefactthatpeopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.Istartedwritingfictionin1985.AndforreasonsIwon’tgetintotoday,IbegantowritestoriesusingalltheEnglishesIgrewupwith:theEnglishsheusedwithme,whichforlackofabettertermmightbedescribedas“broken”,andwhatIimaginetobehertranslationofherChinese,herinternal(内在的）language，andforthatIsoughtlopreservetheessence,butneitheranEnglishnoraChinesestructure:Iwantedtocatchwhatlanguageabilitytestscannevershow;herintention,herfeelings,therhythmsofherspeechandthenatureofherthoughts.1、Bysaying“Languageisthetoolofmytrade”,theauthormeansthat.A．sheusesEnglishinforeigntradeB．sheisfascinatedbylanguagesC．sheworksasatranslatorD．sheisawriterbyprofession2、Theauthorusedtothinkofhermother’sEnglishas.A．impolite B．amusingC．imperfect D．practical3、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?A．AmericansdonotunderstandbrokenEnglish.B．Theauthor'smotherwasnotrespectedsometimes.C．Theauthor’smotherhadpositiveinfluenceonherD．BrokenEnglishalwaysreflectsimperfectthoughts.4、Theauthorgraduallyrealizeshermother'sEnglishis.A．wellstructured B．intheoldstyleC．easytotranslate D．richinmeaning5、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thechangesoftheauthor’sattitudetohermother’sEnglish.B．Thelimitationoftheauthor’sperceptionofhermother.C．Theauthor’smisunderstandingof“limited”English.D．Theauthor’sexperiencesofusingbrokenEnglish.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They1withthemlotsofwaste.The2mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe3ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I’m4abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.However,Isoon5thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof6amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda7mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare8buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe9.ThebestofaKilimanjaro10,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare11asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This12isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas13gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,14landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather15—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I16twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland17:gravel(砾石),stonesandrocks.18youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith19snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro20itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.1、A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring2、A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters3、A．position B．age C．face D．name4、A．silent B．skeptical C．serious D．crazy5、A．discover B．argue C．decide D．advocate6、A．equipment B．grass C．camps D．stones7、A．remote B．quiet C．tall D．clean8、A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary9、A．payingoff B．spreadingout C．blowingup D．fadingaway10、A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight11、A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded12、A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose13、A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials14、A．holdingonto B．goingbackto C．livingupto D．givingwayto15、A．changes B．clears C．improves D．permits16、A．match B．imagine C．count D．add17、A．village B．desert C．road D．lake18、A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally19、A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial20、A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Amanandhisfriendwerewalkingthroughthedesert.Duringthetriptheyhadaquarrelandthemanhithisfriendin1．face.Hisfriendwashurt,but2．sayinganything,hewroteinthesand,“Todaymybestfriendhitmeintheface.”Theykepton3．(walk)untiltheyfoundalake,wheretheydecided4．(take)abath.Theman’sfriendfellintothelakeandwasina5．(danger)situation,butthemansavedhim6．(immediate).Afterhecamebacktolife,hewroteona7．:“Todaymybestfriendsavedmylife."Theman8．hadhitandsavedhisbestfriendasked,“WhenIhurtyou,youwroteinthesandandnow,youwroteonastone.Why?”Hisfriend9．(reply),“Whensomeonehurtsus,weshouldwriteitdowninsandwherewindcanblowitaway.However,whensomeonedoessomethinggoodfor10．(we),wemustwriteitdowninstonewhereitcanlastforever.”第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I’mhappytoshareyoumyjourneytoLondon.Duringthejourney,Ivisitedsomeplacesofinterest,someofthatmadeadeepimpressiononme.Iwenttotwofamousconcerts,whichreducedmestressandmademerelaxing.ThenIwatchedvariousfootballmatch.Inaddition,Ienjoyeddeliciouslylocalfood.Meanwhile,Imadesomenewfriends.Inaconclusion,IexperiencedBritishculturebutthisbroadenedmyeyes.SpringwasthebestseasontovisitBeijing.Wouldyouliketovisitit?I’mlookingforwardtomeetyouinBeijing.第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。请用英语给你考入另外一所高中的初中同学写一封信，介绍你校高一新生的生活情况。信中应