2016年高考：专题十四高考阅读理解之细节题

C.foralargervocabularyC.foralargervocabularyD.forhigherscoresinexams专题十四：高考阅读理解之细节题提醒语：确定题干，到原文快速搜索相关信息，对信息进行处理！切忌主观臆断！细节题是高考考察重点，占阅读的50%，应重视！难度系数：★★实战演练一：（2015年江苏省高考题C篇）Let'sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.1.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectationsC.financialrewardsD.internalneeds实战演练二：（2015年浙江省高考题A篇）Onedaysoonafterschoolhadstarted,Isaidtothem,“NowI'mgoingtosaysomethingaboutreadingthatyouhaveprobablyneverheardateachersaybefore.Iwouldlikeyoutoreadalotofbooksthisyear,butIwantyoutoreadthemonlyforpleasure.Iamnotgoingtoaskyouquestionstofindoutwhetheryouunderstandthebooksornot.Ifyouunderstandenoughofabooktoenjoyitandwanttogoonreadingit,that'senoughforme.AlsoI'mnotgoingtoaskyouwhatwordsmean.“Thechildrensatstunnedandsilent.Wasthisateachertalking?Onegirl,whohadjustcometousfromaschoolwhereshehadhadaveryhardtime,lookedatmesteadilyforalongtimeafterIhadfinished.Then,stilllookingatme,shesaidslowlyandseriously,MrHolt,doyoureallymeanthat?”Isaidjustasseriously,“Imeaneverywordofit.2.Theteachertoldhisstudentstoread.forenjoymentB.forknowledgeUponhearingtheteacher'stalk,thechildrenprobablyfeltthat.itsoundedstupiditwasnotsurprisingatallitsoundedtoogoodtobetrueitwasnodifferentfromotherteachers'talk实战演练三：（2015年广东省高考题D篇）OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent.Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass.AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice,Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'.Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy,ontheotherhand,wereregional（地区的）cityaccents.Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'.However,asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast.ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclassprejudice.ThestudyintheUSshowedthatBBCEnglishwasregardedas.regionaleducatedprejudicedD.unattractive实战演练四：（2015年福建卷高考D篇）So,ifwehavethiscapabilitybutsomehowlifeseemstokeepusstuck,howdowebreakthesepatterns？Decideonanewcourseandmakeonedecisionatatime.Thisisgoodadviceforanewadventureorjustgettingthroughtoday'schallenges.While,deepdown,weknowwecandoit,ourmind—orthemindsofthoseclosetous—usuallysayswecan't.Whatisthekeytobreakingtheoldpatterns?Tofocusoneverydetail.B.Todecideandtakeimmediateaction.C.Tolistentothoseclosetous.D.Tothinktwicebeforeweact.实战演练五：（2014年全国卷二高考A篇）Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.Thegirl'sparentsgotRashid'sphonenumberfrom.A.afriendofhisfamilyB.aSydneypolicemanC.aletterinhispapersD.astrangerinSydney实战演练六：（2014年北京卷卷高考C篇）Toreachourgoaloflosingweight---theoutput,weneedtocontrolwhatweeat---theinput（输入）.Thatis,wetendtocareabouttheoutputbutnottocontroltheinput.Thisisabadwaytoconstructgoals.Thealternativeistofocusyourresolutionontheinput.Insteadofresolvingtoloseweight,tryanactionableresolution:“I'llstophavingdesertforlunch,”or“I'llwalkeverydayfor20minutes.”Creatingagoalthatfocusesonawell-specifiedinputwilllikelybemoreeffectivethanconcentratingontheoutcome.Thewriterthinksthatsettingweightlossasagoalisamistakebecause.A.itishardtoachieveformostAmericansitisfocusedtoomuchontheresultitisdependentontoomanythingsitisbasedonactionabledecisions实战演练七：（2015年天津卷高考C篇）OnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children'sRoom.”Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.8.Theauthor'smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto.A.encouragehimtodomorewalkinglethimspendameaningfulsummerhelpcurehimofhisreadingproblemmakehimlearnmoreaboutweaponsThebookcaughttheauthor'seyebecause.A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimalsitremindedhimofhisowndoghefounditstitleeasytounderstandD.helikedchildren'sstoriesverymuch实战演练八：（2014年全国卷（一）高考B篇）SincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot“greener”towardtheenvironment.“Wedidn'tknowatthattimethereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,”saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.“Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes,”saysGaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin,whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions（排放）fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5tons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof“Greenthinking”hasbecomepartofpractices.Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recyclingprograms;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.Twenty-fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it'shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.”Untilwedothat,nothingelsewillchange!”sayBruceAnderson.10．AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout___A．thesocialmovementB．recyclingtechniquesC．environmentalproblemsD．theimportanceofEarthDay11．Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?A．Thegrass-rootslevelB．ThebusinesscircleC．GovernmentofficialsD．Universityprofessors12．Whathave\Americansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?A．TheyhavecutcaremissionstothelowestB．TheyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblemsC．TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.D．Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.答案速递：【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知人们做志愿者工作的原因为“toexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiencesandtodevelopsocialrelationships”再结合“fvolunteerpositionsdonotmeetthoseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.”可知答案为D项（满足内在要求）。【答案】A【解析】A细节理解题根据“Iwouldlikeyoutoreadalotofbooksthisyear,butIwantyoutoreadthemonlyforpleasure.”可知老师要求学生读书只是为了“pleasure”，而pleasure与enjoyment同意，为欣赏，故选：A【答案】C【解析】C细节理解题根据“Thechildrensatstunnedandsilent.孩子们震惊和沉默地坐着。”第三段第四行“seriously,‘Mr.Holt,doyoureallymeanthat?'”不能得出答案。当老师说了这些话之后，孩子们都很震惊耶，很奇怪，所以他会问老师是不是真的这样？这表明学生是很不太相信的。答案选项的itsoundedtoogoodtobetrue,意为听起来太好了以致不相信这是真的。【答案】D【解析】D细节理解题根据第四段中“However,asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast.”可知美国关于英语口音的调查结果正好和英语的调查结果相反，他们认为一些地方口音是最吸引人的，而BBC的英语是最不吸引认的。【答案】B【解析】B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句Decideonanewcourseandmakeonedecisionatatime•可以知道为了打破旧格局需要决定一个新目标并且立刻做出决定。【答案】B【解析】B细节理解题。分析题干，关键词是phonenumber，可以定位到文章，根据“Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend”可知，这个女孩的父母是在一封信中发现电话号码的，故答案选C。【答案】B【解析】B细节理解题。根据“Thatis,wetendtocareabouttheoutputbutnottocontroltheinput.Thisisaba