教学用 人教必修三Unit 5 Canada Learning about language

Unit5Canada–“TheTrueNorth”Learningaboutlanguage必修3Unit5必修3Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Guessthemeaningsofthewordsbelow.Discoveringusefulwordsande教学用人教必修三Unit5CanadaLearningaboutlanguage

教学用人教必修三Unit5CanadaLearningaboutlanguage2Findwordsinthisunitthathavethesamemeaningasthedefinitions.________bagsthatpeopletakewiththemwhentheytravel2.________agovernmentmemberwhoisinchargeofagovernmentdepartment3.________ashortinformaltest4.________totalktosomeoneinafriendly,informalwaybaggageministerquizchat2Findwordsinthisunitthat5._______onorontoaship,plane,busortrain6.________generalappearanceofnaturearoundyou,especiallybeautifulnature7.________inorbyaverysmallamount,sosmallthatitalmostcannotbeseen8._________tobeallaroundsb.orsth.oneverysideaboardsceneryslightlysurround5._______onorontoaship,3Completethepassagewiththewordsbelowintheirproperforms.

ThecityofRome,Italy,completely__________thesmallestcountryintheworld,theVaticanCityState.surroundsacreborderharbourmeasuresurroundurbanwithin

3CompletethepassagewiththIthasanareaof0.44squarekilometreswitha________________3.2kilometreslong.BecausetheVaticanisentirely_____Rome,ithasno_______foroceanships.Thecountryisreallyjustoneverysmallcity:its______areacovers100percentofthecountry.bordermeasuringwithinharboururbanIthasanareaof0.44squareNounclausesastheappositiveGrammarNounclausesastheappositive1.同位语从句含义同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分,其一般跟在一些抽象名词(idea;belief;fact;truth;problem;news

等)后面,对名词作进一步解释说明。

结构:n.+连接词+从句同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether

1.同位语从句含义同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分,其注:1.同位语从句多用that引导;2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Ihavenoidea

wherehehasgone.Ihavenoidea

when

he

did

it.Ihavenoidea

what

he

did.Theidea

thatcomputerscanrecognizehuman

voicessurprisesmanypeople.2)Sydneykepthis

promise

thathewouldalways

doanythinghecouldforLucietomakesure

ofherhappiness.注:1.同位语从句多用that引导;Ihaveno同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。如：I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwhere

wearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

Wehaven’tyetsettledtheque2.同位语从句的引导词①如果同位语从句意义完整,则用that引导。that不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。如：Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。(thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce是theorder的全部内容,且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句)2.同位语从句的引导词②如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义,则应该用whether引导。如：We’lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。注意:if不能引导同位语从句。

②如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加③如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义,应该用when,where,how等词引导。如：Ihave

noideawhenChaplin’sfilmwillbeon.我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。Ihavenoimpression

howhewenthome,perhapsbybike.我记不清他是怎样回家的,或许是骑自行车回去的。

③如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么④当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。如：The

thoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。Severalyearslater,wordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。④当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，区分同位语从句和定语从句时,可以在先行词与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子,如果句子通顺且符合逻辑,则为同位语从句,反之,则为定语从句。如：Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.他将辞职的传闻是假的。本句中,先行词与从句之间加上一个be后为：Thereportwasthathewasgoingtoresign.因为该句句意通顺,所以thathewasgoingtoresign是同位语从句。3.同位语从句和定语从句的区别区分同位语从句和定语从句时,可以在先行词3.同位语从句和Ihaveheardthenewsthathevisitedourfactory.Ihaveheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday.同位语从句和定语从句简易区别法：1)同位语从句——that只起连接作用,不作任何成分。定语从句——that是关系代词,起连接作用和充当宾语和主语。2)同位语从句——同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系,

对名词进行补充说明。定语从句——定从和前面的名词是所属关系,

对名词进行修饰,加以限定。3)同位语从句——that不能省。定语从句——that在从句中作宾语时,可以省。Ihaveheardthenewsthathe1)从词类上区别

同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。1)从词类上区别

Hetoldmethenews

thathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.

Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.

据说他已经出国了。

Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.

我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。

(定语从句)

(同位语从句)Hetoldmethenewsthat2)从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴,如:2)从性质上区别

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthe

gamewastrue.

我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。

(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)

Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.

昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。

(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)

Thenewsthatourteamh3)从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how,whether,what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.

我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。

(同位语从句)3)从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略,that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替,如:Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)

引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.

我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)Theorderthatwereceivedyes【例题点击】Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as答案为B。moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities是information的内容,且连接词在从句中不作成分,所以该句为同位语从句。B【例题点击】B2.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.Thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.A.what B.that C.whenD.as答案为B。thathasbeenputforward为information的修饰性定语,且引导词在从句中作主语,所以该句为定语从句。B2.Itissaidthatmoremiddle3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_______ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis

A答案A。该题考查定语从句中加入插入语的用法,因插入语应位于引导词之后,所以D项不对,B、C两项无法构成正确结构。3.HemadeanotherwonderfuldAstorygoes____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.when B.whereC.what D.that2.Thereismuchchance____Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.that B.whichC.untilD.ifD考考你AAstorygoes____ElizabethI3.--It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.--ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,____wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when4.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.A.whenB.thatC.whatD./BA3.--It’sthirtyyearssincew5.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.A.whichB.thatC./D.it6.Wehaven’tsettledthequestion___itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.if B.whereC.whether D.thatBC5.Hissuggestion____themee判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.2.

ThehopethatsheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.

3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.4.Ican’tstandtheterriblenoisethatsheiscryingloudly.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.Theyexpr5.Weexpressedthehopethat

theyhadexpressed.

6.Weexpressedthehope

that

theywouldcome

toChinaagain.7.Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthat

moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmitted

intouniversity.

8.

Theinformationthatherevealedatthe

meetingisofgreatvalue.定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句Formoreexercises,clickhere.5.WeexpressedthehopethattI.在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。1.Thisisthemountainvillage_____Istayedlastyear.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____Iworkedtogetherwithyou.3.Pleasepassmethebook_____coverisgreen.wherewhenwhoseExercisesI.在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。4.Isthisthereason____herefusedouroffer?5.Thepersonto_____youspokeisafamousactor.6.Shesatonthecornerofthetablenearthedoorby_____herhusbandalwaysentered.7.Thewhitefloweristheonlyone____Ireallylike.whywhomwhichthat4.Isthisthereason____he8.Thenewswasveryexciting___ourclasshadwonthefootballmatch.9.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion____allmatterconsistsofatoms.10.Thequestion___________________weshallhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecided.11.Theytoldthepolicemanthefact___theyhadnothingtodowiththemurder.thatthatwhere/when/whetherthat8.Thenewswasveryexciting12.Allagreedtohissuggestion___abridgeacrosstheriverbebuilt.13.Thequestion____shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.14.Thisisouronlyrequest___this(should)besettledassoonaspossible.15.Wordcame___ourChinesewomenteamhadbeatenJapanese.thatwhothatthat12.Allagreedtohissuggesti1.我不知道怎样到达火车站。

IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.2.我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.II.用同位语从句翻译下列句子。1.我不知道怎样到达火车站。II.用同位语从句翻译下列句3.人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。

Peopleusedtoholdtheopinionthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.4.没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。

Nooneishappywiththefactthathewillbecometheirboss.3.人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。5.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。

Thequestionwhenwewillstarttheworkisnotdecided．

5.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.A.whichB.whatC.whyD.that2.Ihavenoidea____hewillsetoffforhomethisafternoon.A.whenB.why

C.whatD./3.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.A.whereB.whether

C.thatD.when4.—Ihaveneverseenasquirrel.—Soyoucannothaveanyidea_____ahappythingasquirrelis.A.thatB.how

C.whichD.whatChoosethebestanswers.DBBDThefact____sheworkshardi5.Mr.Frankaskedmeaquestion_____Icouldgowithhimto_____hecalledtheTreasureHousethenextweek.A.that;whichB.whether;thatC.whether;whatD.that;where

6.Hegrabbedhissuitcaseandgavetheimpression_____hewasboardingtheTokyoplane.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.what7.Hecan’tanswerthequestion____hegotthemoney.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whetherCCC5.Mr.Frankaskedmeaquesti8.Shegaveusthesuggestion____we_____thescientificinstrumentinabetterway.A.that;madeB.whether;shouldC.that;makeD.why;made9.Thatwasthereason____hetoldmethismorning.A.whyB.thatC.becauseD.whether10.Thefarm____wevisitedlastmonthisnotfarfromhere.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.onwhichCBA8.ShegaveusthesuggestionThenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon_____themeetingwouldbepostponed.（2012江苏）

A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how解析：句意为是“会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟传来”。空格后的句子是解释说明名词thenotice，作同位语从句，且从句结构完整，所以用that引导。B真题解析ThenoticecamearoundtwoinEvidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy_____children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.（2012重庆）

A.whyB.howC.whetherD.that解析：分析句子结构可知，空白处后面为句子主语Evidence的同位语从句，在这一从句中，句意完整，不缺少成分，应该使用that作为引导词。因此，正确答案为D项。DEvidencehasbeenfoundthrougModernsciencehasgivenclearevidence_____smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.(2011天津)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where解析：that引导同位语从句,修饰evidence。that引导同位语从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有真实含义。句子意思是“现代科学已经清楚地表明吸烟能导致很多种疾病。”CModernsciencehasgivenclear

Whenthenewscame_____thewarbrokeout,hedecided,toserveinthearmy.(2011

辽宁)A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.because解析：本句意思是：当消息传来说战争爆发了，他决定去部队服役。句中thewarbrokeout是news指代的具体内容，因此，此处应选择that来引导同位语从句，故答案为C。需注意的是，that虽然不充当句子成分，但是不能省略。

CWhenthenewscame_____the(10湖北74)Thenews_____________________________(房价将要下跌)hascausedmanypeopletoselltheirhousesatlowerprices.(fall)(09江西33)Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists______theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.thoughthatthehousingpricewillfallC(10湖北74)Thenews____________(09四川7)Newscamefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where

CFormoreexercises,clickhere.(09四川7)Newscamefromthesch1.—Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.—Yes,itcouldbe.—Iwonder___wecandoaboutit.(北京2002春季)

A.ifB.howC.whatD.that_____isnopossibility_____BobcanwinthefirstprizeIthematch.(上海2001春)

A.There;thatB.It;whatC.There;whetherD.It;whether3.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(NMET2001)

A.untilB.thatC.whenD.whereCCA高考真题1.—Ithinkitisgoingtobe4.Newscamefromtheschooloffice_____WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.（2009四川）

A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where5.－Isthereanypossibility_____youcouldpickmeupattheairport?

－Noproblem.（2009浙江）

A.WhenB.that C.whetherD.what6.Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request___theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.（2009重庆）

A.thatB.whenC.whichD.whereCBA4.Newscamefromtheschoolo7.Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis

_____shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.（2010上海）

A.thatB.howC.whatD.why8.Thenews__________________________(房价将要下跌)hascausedmanypeopletoselltheirhousesatlowerprices.(fall)(2010湖北)Athatthehousingpricewillfall7.OnereasonforherpreferenDiscoveringusefulstructures

Answerstoexercise1onpage37:1.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.2.Somepeoplehavethe

idea

thatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.3.Thegirlsweresurprisedatthe

fact

thatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.DiscoveringusefulstructuresSuggestanswerstoexercise2onpage37:The

possibility

thattheweatherinwinterwouldbewarmerpleasedtheCanadians.2.Theideathattherewillbeanearthquaketerrifiesmanypeople.3.The

hope

thatwecouldgotoFrancewasexciting.4.The

fact

thatmoreandmorepeoplesettledowninCanadasurprisesme.5.The

belief

thattheworldisflatisnotscientific.Suggestanswerstoexercise2WorkbookDiscoveringusefulstructures

activeimpressiveexpensivefrostymistysmokyAnswerstoexercise1onpage70WorkbookactivefrostyAnswerstohostessactresswaitresshearingspellingfeelingretellreplacerebuildhostesshearingretellAnswerkeyforexercise2onpage70OnmyfirstmorninginToronto,Iwokeupearly.Lookingthroughthe_____,Icouldjustseethe______treesnearthehotelentrance.The_____fromtherecentcoldautumnnightswasstartingtoturntheleavesbrightred.AfterLiuQianwokeup,wewentlookingforarestaurant_______.

mistmaplefrostnearbyAnswerkeyforexercise2onpWefoundasmallplacethathada______withallkindsofgreatbreakfastfood.Wesatinasmall______toeat,enjoyingtheamazing_______ofpeoplearoundusandthedifferent______ofconversation.WelearnedalotaboutCanadajustbywatchingandlisteningtothepeopleatbreakfast!buffetboothmixturetopicsWefoundasmallplacethathaAnswerstoexercise3onpage70:Atdawn,Dawnfar,Asfarasinthedistance,distancewell,aswellasmanages,managedtodohaveagift,haveagiftforsettled,settledowncaughtsightof,caughtmyeyerather,ratherthanAnswerstoexercise3onpageAnswerstoexercise4onpage71WhenIwasyoung,goingtosleepinthedarkterrifiedme.2.Accordingtotradition,theeagleisusuallyregardedasasymbolofcourage.3.Thetrafficisalwaysterribledowntown;ittakesmeapproximatelyonehourtogethomeeveryday.4.Thecity’sbroadstreetsarelinedwithbushesandmapletrees.Answerstoexercise4onpageHerclothesandbehaviourconfirmedmyguessthatshewasreallyquitewealthy.6.Standingatthetopofthetower,Ifoundmyselfsurroundedbysomeclouds.However,Icouldstillseethemountainsinthedistance.Thebeautifulscenery

impressedmealot.7.Hehasagiftforcommunication,sohemanagedtomixwithallkindsofpeopleinhisjob.8.AsfarasIknow,thereisabankwithinahundredmetresofthebusstop.HerclothesandbehaviourconfUsingstructures

Answerstoexercise1onpage71Hissuggestion

thatweshouldtakethetrainfromwesttoeastacrossCanadasoundsveryexciting.2.The

idea

thattheydecidedtoclonethefirsthumanbeingsurprisedmanypeopleatthemeeting.3.Hebrokethe

rule

thatnooneisallowedtosmokeoncampus.UsingstructuresAnswerstoex4.TheChinesebasketballfanswentwildwithjoywhentheyheardthenewsthatYaoMinghadcollectedfortypointsfortheHoustonRocketsinthegame.5.Maryleftamessagewithmeforyouthatshewon’tbeabletoseeyouoffthisafternoon.6.Thereisnodoubt

thatheistherightpersonforthisjob.4.TheChinesebasketballfans7.Intheletterheexpressedhiswish

thathewouldcomeandvisitChinaagain.8.Thecaptaingavethe

order

thatallthesoldiershadtoreachthevillagebeforedawn.9.Noteveryonepresentagreestohisthought

thatitisimpossibletofinishtheworkbytheendofthismonth.7.IntheletterheexpressedHomework1.Findoutthenounclauseswhichareusedastheappositiveinthereadingpassage.2.Summarizetherulesofappositiveclause.Homework1.FindoutthenouncThankYou!ThankYou!Unit5Canada–“TheTrueNorth”Learningaboutlanguage必修3Unit5必修3Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1Guessthemeaningsofthewordsbelow.Discoveringusefulwordsande教学用人教必修三Unit5CanadaLearningaboutlanguage

教学用人教必修三Unit5CanadaLearningaboutlanguage2Findwordsinthisunitthathavethesamemeaningasthedefinitions.________bagsthatpeopletakewiththemwhentheytravel2.________agovernmentmemberwhoisinchargeofagovernmentdepartment3.________ashortinformaltest4.________totalktosomeoneinafriendly,informalwaybaggageministerquizchat2Findwordsinthisunitthat5._______onorontoaship,plane,busortrain6.________generalappearanceofnaturearoundyou,especiallybeautifulnature7.________inorbyaverysmallamount,sosmallthatitalmostcannotbeseen8._________tobeallaroundsb.orsth.oneverysideaboardsceneryslightlysurround5._______onorontoaship,3Completethepassagewiththewordsbelowintheirproperforms.

ThecityofRome,Italy,completely__________thesmallestcountryintheworld,theVaticanCityState.surroundsacreborderharbourmeasuresurroundurbanwithin

3CompletethepassagewiththIthasanareaof0.44squarekilometreswitha________________3.2kilometreslong.BecausetheVaticanisentirely_____Rome,ithasno_______foroceanships.Thecountryisreallyjustoneverysmallcity:its______areacovers100percentofthecountry.bordermeasuringwithinharboururbanIthasanareaof0.44squareNounclausesastheappositiveGrammarNounclausesastheappositive1.同位语从句含义同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分,其一般跟在一些抽象名词(idea;belief;fact;truth;problem;news

等)后面,对名词作进一步解释说明。

结构:n.+连接词+从句同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether

1.同位语从句含义同位语从句在句中充当同位语从句成分,其注:1.同位语从句多用that引导;2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Ihavenoidea

wherehehasgone.Ihavenoidea

when

he

did

it.Ihavenoidea

what

he

did.Theidea

thatcomputerscanrecognizehuman

voicessurprisesmanypeople.2)Sydneykepthis

promise

thathewouldalways

doanythinghecouldforLucietomakesure

ofherhappiness.注:1.同位语从句多用that引导;Ihaveno同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。如：I’vecomefromMrWangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwhere

wearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

Wehaven’tyetsettledtheque2.同位语从句的引导词①如果同位语从句意义完整,则用that引导。that不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。如：Thegeneralgavetheorderthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。(thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce是theorder的全部内容,且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句)2.同位语从句的引导词②如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义,则应该用whether引导。如：We’lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。注意:if不能引导同位语从句。

②如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加③如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义,应该用when,where,how等词引导。如：Ihave

noideawhenChaplin’sfilmwillbeon.我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。Ihavenoimpression

howhewenthome,perhapsbybike.我记不清他是怎样回家的,或许是骑自行车回去的。

③如果同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么④当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。如：The

thoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。Severalyearslater,wordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectthem.几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。④当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时，区分同位语从句和定语从句时,可以在先行词与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成一个新句子,如果句子通顺且符合逻辑,则为同位语从句,反之,则为定语从句。如：Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.他将辞职的传闻是假的。本句中,先行词与从句之间加上一个be后为：Thereportwasthathewasgoingtoresign.因为该句句意通顺,所以thathewasgoingtoresign是同位语从句。3.同位语从句和定语从句的区别区分同位语从句和定语从句时,可以在先行词3.同位语从句和Ihaveheardthenewsthathevisitedourfactory.Ihaveheardthenewsthathetoldyoutheotherday.同位语从句和定语从句简易区别法：1)同位语从句——that只起连接作用,不作任何成分。定语从句——that是关系代词,起连接作用和充当宾语和主语。2)同位语从句——同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系,

对名词进行补充说明。定语从句——定从和前面的名词是所属关系,

对名词进行修饰,加以限定。3)同位语从句——that不能省。定语从句——that在从句中作宾语时,可以省。Ihaveheardthenewsthathe1)从词类上区别

同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。1)从词类上区别

Hetoldmethenews

thathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.

Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.

据说他已经出国了。

Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.

我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴。

(定语从句)

(同位语从句)Hetoldmethenewsthat2)从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴,如:2)从性质上区别

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthe

gamewastrue.

我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。

(同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)

Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.

昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。

(定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语)

Thenewsthatourteamh3)从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别有些引导词如how,whether,what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.

我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。

(同位语从句)3)从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略,that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替,如:Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略)

引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.

我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)Theorderthatwereceivedyes【例题点击】Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as答案为B。moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities是information的内容,且连接词在从句中不作成分,所以该句为同位语从句。B【例题点击】B2.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.Thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.A.what B.that C.whenD.as答案为B。thathasbeenputforward为information的修饰性定语,且引导词在从句中作主语,所以该句为定语从句。B2.Itissaidthatmoremiddle3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_______ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinki