2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号89

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-复旦大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Whenhewassofaroutthathecouldlookbacknotonlyonthelittlebaybutpastthestretchofrockthatwasbetweenitandtheseashore,hefloatedonthewarmsurfaceandlookedforhismother.Thereshewasalittleyellowdotunderanumbrellathatlookedlikeapieceoforange-skin.Heswambacktoshore,relievedatbeingsureshewasthere,butallatonceverylonely.

Ontheothersideofthebaywasaloosescatteringofrocks.Abovethem,someboyswerestrippingofftheirclothes.Theycamerunning,theirbodiesbaredowntotherocksJerryswamtowardsthemandkepthisdistancealittlewayoff.Theywereoffthatcoast,allofthemburnedsmoochdarkbrownandspeakingalanguagehedidnotunderstand.Tobewiththem,ofthemwasafeelingthatfilledhiswholebody.Heswamalittlecloser,theyturnedandwatchedhimwithnarrowed,attentivedarkcues.Thenonesmiledandwaved.Itwasenough.Inaminutehebadswuminandwasontherocksbesidethem,smilingwithextremenervousness.Theyshoutedcheerfulgreetingsathim,andthen,ashepreservedhisnervous,puzzledamile.Theyunderstoodthathewasaforeignerwhohadwanderedfromhisownpartofthesands,andtheypromptlyforgothim.Buthewashappy.Hewaswiththem.

Theybegandivingagainandagainfromahighpointintoawellofblueseabetweenrough,pointedrocks.Aftertheyhaddivedandcomeup,theyswamroundpulledthemselvesup,andwailedtheirturntodiveagain.Theywerebigboys-mentoJerry.Hedivedandtheywatchedhim,andwhenheswamroundtolakehisplace,theymadewayforhim.Hefelthewasaccepted,andhedivedagain,carefully,proudofhimself.

Soonthebiggestoftheboysbalancedhimself,shotdownintothewater,anddidnotcomeup.TheothersstoodaboutwatchingJerry,afterwaitingforthesmoothbrownheadtoappear,letoutacryofwarning;theylookedathimidlyandturnedtheireyesbacktowardsthewater.Afteralonglime,theboycameupontheothersideofabigdarkrock,lettingtheairescapesuddenlyfromhislungswithmuchcoughingandspiting,andgivingashoutofsatisfaction.Immediately,therestofthemdivedin.Onemomentthemorningseemedfullofboysasnoisyascrowdofmonkeys,thenext,theairandthesurfaceofthewaterwereempty.Butthroughtheheavyblue,darkshapescouldbeseenmovingandsearching.

Jerrydived,shotpasttheschoolofunderwaterswimmers,sawablackwallofrocktoweringoverhimtouchedit,andshopupatoncetothesurface,wheretherockformedalowwallbecouldteeacross.Therewasnooneinsight;underhim,inthewater,theshadowyshapesoftheswimmershasdisappeared.Thenoneandthenanotheroftheboyscameuponthefarsideofthewallofrock,andheunderstoodthattheyhadswumthroughsomegaporholeinit.Hediveddownagain.Hecouldseenothingthroughthestingingsaltwaterbutthesolidrock.Whenhecameup,theboyswereallonthedivingrock,preparingtoattemptthetrackagain.Andnow,overcomewithasenseoffailure,beshoutedupinEnglish:“Lookatme!”andhebegansplashingandkickinginthewaterlikeafoolishdog.

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat___.

2.Theword“bare”inParagraph2means___.

3.Atthebeginning,Jerrywasswimming______.

4.Whathappenedtothebiggestboy?

5.Jerrysplashedandkickedinthewaterbecause____.

问题1选项

A.Jerrywasnotagoodswimmer

B.Jerryfailedtogainacceptancebytheotherboys

C.Jerrywasonholidayabroad

D.Jerrywasnotongoodtermswithhismother

问题2选项

A.indisguise

B.inthelimelight

C.inthegutter

D.intheraw

问题3选项

A.intothelittlebay

B.toofarouttoseehismother

C.neartothegroupofboys

D.furtherouttoseethantherock

问题4选项

A.Hehadbeentryingtostayunderwateraslongaspossible.

B.Hehadswumthoughaholeintherockunderthewater.

C.Hehadbeentryingtodothehighestdive.

D.HehadplayedatrickonJerry.

问题5选项

A.hewaspretendingtobedropping

B.hewantedtoamusealltheotherboys

C.hehadn’tbeenabletodowhattheotherboyshaddone.

D.hewantedtheotherboystolistentowhathewassaying.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:文章第一段第一句话whenhewassofaroutthathecouldlookbacknotonlyonthelittlebaybutpastthestretchofrockthatwasbetweenitandtheseashore…提到了他的游泳技能，可以看出他很会游泳，排除选项A；根据第二段最后一句话Buthewashappy.Hewaswiththem，可以排除选项B；根据第一段最后一句话heswambacktoshore,relievedatbeingsureshewasthere…可以知道他的母亲对他很关心，排除选项D，所以选项C符合题意。

第2题:bare所在句子的前一句提到abovethem,someboyswerestrippingofftheirclothes,他们把衣服脱光了，所以可以推断出bare是“赤裸”的意思。所以选项D符合题意。

第3题:文章第一段第一句话Whenhewassofaroutthathecouldlookbacknotonlyonthelittlebaybutpastthestretchofrockthatwasbetweenitandtheseashore,hefloatedonthewarmsurfaceandlookedforhismother提到当他游得很远时，他回头不仅能够看到小海滩，而且还可以看到岩石和海滨，他漂浮在温暖的海水表面并且寻找他的母亲，选项B符合题意。

第4题:文章倒数第二段提到Afteralonglime,theboycameupontheothersideofabigdarkrock,lettingtheairescapesuddenlyfromhislungswithmuchcoughingandspiting,andgivingashoutofsatisfaction，那个男孩是为了能在水下待尽可能长的时间，所以选项A符合题意。

第5题:文章最后一段最后一句话Andnow,overcomewithasenseoffailure,beshoutedupinEnglish:“Lookatme!”andhebegansplashingandkickinginthewaterlikeafoolishdog，可以推断出他是为了引起其他那些跟他一起在游泳的男孩的注意，所以选项D符合题意。

2.单选题

InthewakeoftheSept.11attacks,manyAmericansfeelwemaybegintoseetheerosionofsomeofourcivilliberties.Thereisconcernwemaybesubjecttopersonalsearchesandincreasedmonitoringofouractivities,allinthenameofsafetyandsecurity.Onthecomputingfront,Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches.

Asmuchasvendorsandnetworkadministratorstrytomakescanningforvirusesanunobtrusiveprocessfortheenduser,westillareinconveniencedbytheroutinesmandatedbytheguardiansofourcorporatecomputingsecurity.However,inconveniencetakesabackseattotheoutrightneedforsecurity.Virusesaremorethaninconvenient;theycauserealdamage.ComputerEconomicsestimatesthecostofvirusattacksoninformationsystemsaroundtheworld,includingcleanupcostsandlostproductivity,hasalreadyreached$10.7billionsofarthisyear.Comparethatfigurewith$17.1billionforallof2000and$12.1billionfor1999.

Iknowyou’rethinking:“I’monlyoneperson.HowcanIspendthenecessarytimetosafeguardmycompanyagainstvirusesandsecurityholesandstilldomyregularjob?”

Realistically,youcan’t.Butthereareresourcestohelpyou.

MicrosofthasjustannouncedanewinitiativecalledtheStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram.AmongtheservicesbeingofferedaretreetechnicalsupportrelatedtovirusesandasecuritytoolkitthatincludespatchesandservicepacksthataddresssecurityvulnerabilitiesinWindowsNTand2000.

TheFBIandSANSInstitutehavejustreleasedtheirtop20listofthemostcriticalInternetsecurityvulnerabilities.ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist.Studythelistat.

TheCenterforInternetSecurityprovidesmethodsandtoolstoimprovemonitorandcomparethesecuritystatusofyourInternet-connectedsystems.Findouthowtobenchmarkyourorganization’sstatusat.

SoftwarevendorssuchasNetworkAssociates,SymantecandComputerAssociateshaveveryinformativevirusresourcecenters.TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.S/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses.Likewise,theCAVirusInformationCenterofferstipsonmanagingvirusincidentsandprotectingmessagingsystems.

Justlikeournationaldefense,thebestprotectionagainstadebilitatingvirusattackisknowledgeofthevulnerabilitiesandthemeanstoplugthesecurityholes.Beproactiveandvigilant,andmakeuseofthenumerousresourcesatyourdisposal.

1.Thewriterseemstofeelthat（）.

2.Thetwofigures"$17.1billion”and“$12.1billion”arementionedforthereadersto（）.

3.Toobtaindetailedinformationaboutviruses，wecanresortto（）.

4.Bysimplycheckingthetop20list，wemay（）.

5.Apropertitleforthispassagemightbe（）.

问题1选项

A.theconcernabouttheerosionoflibertiesisunnecessary

B.theroutinescanningofvirusescausesmuchinconveniencetoendusers

C.theneedforcomputingsecuritymakesinconveniencetolerable

D.libertycanbeguaranteedonlyifsecurityisachievedfirst

问题2选项

A.makesenseofthedamagesthathavebeendonesofarthisyear

B.seethedecreaseofthecostofvirusattacks

C.calculatethecostofvirusattacksfortheyear2001

D.paymoreattentiontoanti-virusresources

问题3选项

A.theStrategicTechnologyProtectionProgram

B.

C.

D.www.S

问题4选项

A.obtainapictureofmajorsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystems

B.identifyapossiblesecurityholeinourcomputersystems

C.improvethesecuritystatusofourcomputersystems

D.protectourcomputersystemsfromvirusattacks

问题5选项

A.TheAftermathofSept.11

B.LibertyvsSecurity

C.StrategiesforBattlingVirus

D.VirusAttack—AnotherFormofSept11

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第一段最后一句onthecomputingfront，Iwouldarguethatwealreadyhavehadtosurrendermanyofourlibertiestoprotectourselvesfromcomputervirusesandothersecuritybreaches,提到我们需要牺牲一些自由来免受电脑病毒和其他风险的威胁。选项D“有了安全才能有自由”符合题意。

第2题:文章第二段提到病毒不仅仅让人们不方便，更严重的是导致了真正的损失。然后列举了有关清理病毒的费用，是为了强调病毒的破坏性。选项A符合题意。

第3题:文章倒数第二段第二句话TheSymantecAntiVirusResearchCenter(www.Symantec,com/avcenter)hasanonlinenewsletterandin-depthinformationaboutviruses提到了了解关于病毒的信息可以到网站上去找，选项D符合题意。

第4题:文章第六段第二句ThemajorityofsuccessfulattacksoncomputersystemsviatheInternetcanbetracedtoexploitationofsecurityflawsonthislist提到之所以这些系统会被病毒侵蚀是因为安全系统中存在漏洞，所以列出的名单中的网址都可能存在一些漏洞。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章主要是在讲述如何战胜电脑病毒，所以选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Howaboutaglassoforangejuiceto（）yourthirst?

问题1选项

A.quench

B.quell

C.quash

D.quieten

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。quench“压制，抑制，止（渴）”；quell“镇压，平息，压制”；quash“取消；废除；镇压”；quieten“安静，抚慰”。句意：用杯橙汁来止渴怎么样？选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Jackneedsstraighteningout;hehasbeen_____thewholefemalepopulationofhisclass.

问题1选项

A.standingupto

B.owningupto

C.messingaroundwith

D.makingupfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。standupto“经得起，抵抗”；ownupto“承认错误”；messaroundwith“胡闹，玩弄”；makeupfor“补偿，弥补”。句意：杰克需要改正错误，因为他一直和班上女生打闹。选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

1.Theprogrammeaimstomakethecountry（

）infoodandtocutenergyimports.

问题1选项

A.self-confident

B.self-sufficient

C.self-satisfied

D.self-restrained

【答案】B

【解析】题干中cutenergyimports“减少能源进口”可推断出前文是在粮食上自给自足，选项B符合题意。self-sufficient“自给自足的”；self-confident“自信的”；self-satisfied“自满的”；self-restrained“自我克制的”。

6.单选题

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

问题1选项

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。opulently“富裕地，丰裕地”；excessively“过分地，极度”,强调的是超过合理范围的；consistently“一贯地，一致地”；exceedingly“极其，非常”，相当于very。句意：如果你在电梯里盯着陌生人看，你会让别人极其不舒服，并且你自己也会觉得很奇怪。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Herremarkablesuccessasarockstarispartlyduetoherabilityto（）themedia.

问题1选项

A.mandate

B.meditate

C.manifest

D.manipulate

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。mandate“授权，托管”；meditate“考虑，计划，企图”；manifest“证明，表示”；manipulate“操作，巧妙处理”。句意：她作为一个摇滚明星取得的杰出成就在于她有能力巧妙处理媒体。选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

WhenIwassenttoprison,IreallyfeltIhad（

）myparents（

）.

问题1选项

A.let...off

B.let...down

C.let...out

D.let...alone

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。let...off“放出，准许……暂停工作，宽恕”；let...down“使失望；辜负”；let...out“放出，泄漏”；let...alone“更不必说”。句意：当我被送进监狱的时候，我真的觉得我让我爸妈失望了。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Asisknowntoall,avaguelawisalways（）todifferentinterpretations.

问题1选项

A.invulnerable

B.immune

C.resistant

D.susceptible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。invulnerable“不会受伤害的，无懈可击的”；immune“免疫的”；resistant“抵抗的，有抵抗力的”；susceptible“容许……的；易受影响的”。句意：众所周知，一条含糊不清的法规总允许有不同的解释。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Shewasunimpressedbytheactor,describinghimas“avainmanand（

）dull”.

问题1选项

A.intensively

B.intensely

C.downright

D.actual

【答案】A

【解析】考查词性词义辨析。题干中的dull为形容词，所以应该用副词修饰。排除选项C和D：downright“直率的，真实的”；actual“真实的”。intensively“强烈地，集中地”；intensely“强烈地，热情地，紧张地”，常用来形容某种性质或者感情到达的程度很高。intensively包含intensely的意思，但是更强调“精细地；集中地”。选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

Thesheepwerehuddledintoa（）toprotectthemfromovernightfrosts.

问题1选项

A.hutch

B.pen

C.cage

D.kennel

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。hutch“笼子”；pen“围栏”；cage“笼子”；kennel“动物住的屋舍”。句意：羊蜷缩在羊圈里来保护自己从而不受夜晚严寒的侵袭。选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Intheir（）

thegroupsoldasmanyrecordsasalltheothergroupsinthecountryputtogether.

问题1选项

A.eulogy

B.heyday

C.summit

D.mundaneness

【答案】B

【解析】eulogy“颂词”；heyday“全盛期”；summit“顶点”；mundaneness“世俗，平凡”。句意：在他们的全盛时期，这个团队的销售量是本国其他所有团队的销售量总和。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Wheneveracamerawaspointedather,Marilynwouldinstantly（）herselfintoaradiantstar.

问题1选项

A.transport

B.transfer

C.transform

D.transgress

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。transport“运输”；transfer“使转移”；transform“改变，使转换”；transgress“违法，侵犯”。句意：无论何时只要摄影机对着她，Marilyn会立刻变成璀璨的明星。选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

Whathetoldmewasa（）ofdownrightlies.

问题1选项

A.load

B.mob

C.pack

D.flock

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。load“负荷，重担，装载量”；mob“暴民，乌合之众”；pack“包裹，背包”；flock“（飞禽，牲畜等的）群”。句意：他告诉我的都是一些明显的谎言。aloadof“大量，许多”，选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

Theyoungmanwasatthe_______ofhiscareerwhenhewaskilledinacaraccident.

问题1选项

A.zenith

B.glamour

C.bloom

D.blossom

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。zenith“鼎盛时期”；glamour“魅力”；bloom“开花”；blossom“开花期”。句意：这个年轻人处在事业鼎盛时期，当他死于一场交通事故的时候。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Despite（

）effortsbythefinanceminister,inflationroseto36points.

问题1选项

A.absurd

B.grimy

C.valiant

D.fraudulent

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。absurd“不合理的，荒谬的，可笑的，愚蠢的”；grimy“污秽的”；valiant“勇敢的，英勇的”；fraudulent“欺诈的，欺骗的”。句意：尽管财政部长做了无畏的努力，通货膨胀还是上升到了36点。选项C符合题意。

17.单选题

Shewasso（）theplaythatshecriedinthefinalact.

问题1选项

A.involvedin

B.takenin

C.givenin

D.goneinto

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。involvein“参与，涉及”；takein“欺骗；接受；吸收”；givein“屈服，让步”；gointo“进入；研究；参与”。句意：她将自己完全投入到那个话剧中，以致于在最后一幕哭了。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Itdidnottakelongforthecentralbankto（）theirfears.

问题1选项

A.soothe

B.snub

C.smear

D.sanctify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。soothe“使平静，安慰，缓和”；snub“冷落，斥责”；smear“涂上，抹掉，诽谤”；sanctify“使神圣”。句意：银行并没有花费很长时间就缓解了人们的忧虑。选项A符合题意。

19.单选题

Shedecidedtokeepreticentabouttheunpleasantpastand（）ittomemory.

问题1选项

A.attribute

B.allude

C.commit

D.credit

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。attribute“把……归因于，把……归咎于”；allude“暗指，间接提到”；commit“犯罪，做错事，把……交托给，提交”；credit“信任，把……归给”。句意：她打算对不愉快的过去保持沉默，并把它埋在回忆中。选项C符合题意。

20.单选题

It（）methatthemanwasnottellingthetruth.

问题1选项

A.effects

B.pokes

C.hits

D.stirs

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。effect“造成，产生，招致”；poke“戳，刺”；hit“打，打击，击中”；stir“搅拌，搅动”。句意：那让我觉得那个男人没有说实话。选项A符合题意。

21.单选题

Mynexthusbandwilldefinitelybehen-pecked.Everyonelaughablyassumesmypresentoneis,soImayaswellhavetheadvantageofexchangingillusionforreality.

Thismeanshewillbeabletomendafuse.Beinggoodaboutthehouseistheessentialingredientofthemanageablemale.Allthesepretensionstohavinggreenfingersasanexcuseforspendingthemorninginthesunshineandtrampinginfromthegardeninmuddybootsarereallynosubstitute.

Asacareerwoman,ithasalwaysbeenmydreamtobemarriedtoahandyman.Womenwhosehusbandsarerelaxedaboutrawplugsdon'tknowwhatworryis.Iwouldsleeppeacefullyatnightwithanyonewhocouldtellapairofpincersfromawirecutter.Apartfromtheblissfulconvenience;Icouldreallyatlastbegintoliveitup.

IfyouareburiedinthedepthsofthecountryasIliketobewheneverIcan,itcostsyouafiverjusttohaveaboltputonthesheddoorortobribethenearestplumbertocomeandlookatadrippingtap.IcalculateIcouldhaveatriptotheSolomonIslandseveryyearoutofthemoneywewillsaveonthewashersmynewdo-it-yourselfparagonwillwhiponandoffourtaps.

Mynexthusbandwillnotsayeverytime.Igetoutthetravelbrochures:"IdoloveEnglandinthelatesummer;don'tyouthinkitwouldbenicetoholidayathome?Thegardenisatitsbestthen".Iknowwhatthatmeans:stayinguphalfthenightcuttinguphisglutofrunnerbeansforthedeepfreeze.

Beingahandyman,hewould,ofcourse,beanexpertcook.Itwouldbehewhowouldrustleupanomeletteatmidnightafteraheavyday.Andhewouldnotbelievethateverycookingutensilinsightwasexpendable.Iwouldneveragainhavetocursethefriendwhooncetoldusthattheonlywaytodosteakwasinatotallydry,red-hotfrying-pan,Ilikecharcoaledsteakasmuchasanyone,butitcomesexpensivewhenitmeanscharcoalingtheentirekitchentoo.IshallrelinquishwithoutregrettherecordIatpresentholdofbeingmarriedtotheonlymaninBritainwhohasevermanagedtoburnaboiledegg.

AfterlongandmatureconsiderationIhavecometotheconclusionthatthenextmanImarryWillbeahairdresser.Anyhusbandwhocannotback-combhiswife'shairisnotworthhissalt.ThiswillmeanthatIwillbeabletogointoeveryseriousT.V.discussioncompletelylight-heartedly.Itwon'tmatteradamnwhatItalkabout.Myfriendswillallringuptoremark:"SawyouonT.V.lastnight,Yourhairdidlooknice".

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheauthor'spresenthusband（）

2.Bygivingtheexampleofherhusband'scookingsteak,theauthortriestoprovehis（）

3.Theword"glut"inParagraph5canbereplacedby（）

4.Accordingtotheauthorhavinggreenfingerssometimes（）

5.Thetoneofthephrase"Afterlongandmatureconsideration"inthelastparagraphcanbeidentifiedas（）

问题1选项

A.hasanimpetuoustemper

B.isacoldfish

C.isnotaveryconsiderateperson

D.isuxorious

问题2选项

A.frugality

B.temperance

C.hisaptitude

D.ineptitude

问题3选项

A.exuberance

B.excess

C.myriad

D.flamboyance

问题4选项

A.canproduceembarrassinggluts

B.makesgardenerspulltheirweightinthehouse

C.makesgardenersrunamokinthehouse

D.enablesgardenerstokeepthehousecleanandtidy

问题5选项

A.arrogant

B.ironical

C.flippant

D.patronizing

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:文章第一段Mynexthusbandwilldefinitelybehen-pecked.Everyonelaughablyassumesmypresentoneis,soImayaswellhavetheadvantageofexchangingillusionforreality提到我的下任丈夫必须是一个妻管严。每个人都认为我现在的丈夫就是一个妻管严，所以我想让这个幻想变成现实。由此可知，作者的丈夫并不是一个妻管严，不够体贴。选项C符合题意。

第2题:文章第六段最后一句IshallrelinquishwithoutregrettherecordIatpresentholdofbeingmarriedtotheonlymaninBritainwhohasevermanagedtoburnaboiledegg提到作者会毫不犹豫放弃目前创造的记录：嫁给了英国唯一一个试图烧烤煮熟的鸡蛋的人。由此可知，作者的丈夫并不擅长烹饪，没有烹饪的天赋。选项Dineptitude“愚笨”符合题意。

第3题:文章第五段最后一句Iknowwhatthatmeans:stayinguphalfthenightcuttinguphisglutofrunnerbeansforthedeepfreeze提到熬夜割除多余的红花菜豆，然后冷藏。glut是“过多”的意思。选项B符合题意。Exuberance“茂盛”；excess“过多，过量”；myriad“无数”；flamboyance“华丽”。

第4题:文章第二段提到丈夫借口精通园艺，经常穿着脏兮兮的靴子，有时也会令人窘迫，所以选项A符合题意。

第5题:文章作者希望自己下任丈夫是个妻管严，接着还希望丈夫会干家务、会修理，最后决定要嫁给一个理发师，这些都是为了讽刺现实。选项B符合题意。

22.单选题

Insomewaystheyareamarketers’dream.Theyhavebillionsofdollarsindiscretionaryincome—andspendmostofit.Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall，theybuyregularly,oftenresponsetopeerpressure.Theyareheavilyinfluencedbythehoursoftelevisionadvertisingtheyseeeachweek.And，asaresultoftoday’ssmallerfamilies,andtheincreaseinthenumberoftwo-incomehouseholds,theyhavemoretosayaboutfamilydecisionsthaneverbefore.

“They”arechildren,ofcourse,agroupwhosespendinghabitsareattractingtheattentionofmoreandmoremarketers.Onerecentstudyestimatesthat:thethirtymillionU.S.children4to12yearsoldreceiveabout$4.7billionannuallyfromallowances,giftsandoddjobs.Ofthatamount,theyspendatotalof$4.2billioneachyearonsnacks($1.4billion),toysandgames($1.1billion),moviesandsports($771million),videogames($766million),andgifts($164million),engaginginsome280independentpurchasestransactionsannually.Childrenthirteentonineteenaccountforevengreateryearlyexpenditures:$30.5billionoftheirownmoney.

Butchildren’sfinancialmuscledoesnotendthere.Researchersestimatethatchildrendirectlyinfluencemore-than$40billioninadultpurchaseseachyear.ANickeldeonUSAToday/YankelovichYouthMonitorstudyfoundthatchildrenareextremelyawareofbrandandhaveconsiderableinputintotheirparents，selectionofapparel,cereal,snacks,cars,televisionsandpersonalcomputers.Manychildrenareinvolvedinactualhouseholdpurchasing,especiallyfood；inarecentTeenageResearchstudy,halftheteengirlssurveyedreportedshoppingforgroceriesatleastonceaweek.Recognizingthisindirectpurchasingpowerthatchildrenhave，agrowingnumberofmarketersareapproachingtheyouthdirectly.TheNationalDairyBoard,forexample,nowairsmilkcommercialswithyouthappeal,andProcter&GamblehasdevelopedCrestforKidstoothpaste.

Howdidchildrenacquiresuchbuyingclout?Researcherspointtoseveralfactors.Asthenumberofworkingcouplesandsingle-parenthouseholdsincreased,manyparentsshiftedcertainhouseholdresponsibilitiesontochildren’sshoulders.Thrustintoadultroles,childrenhaveendedupwithmoreinfluenceoverthefamily’spurchases,andtheyalsotendtospendincreasedamountsofmoneythemselves.Inaddition,manyolder,professionalcoupleshavefewerchildren.Theseparentscanaffordtolavishmoreontheirchildren,includingextraspendingmoneyforsuchitemsasFisher-PriceToys’$225children’scamcorderandtheMyFirstSonylineofelectronicsgearforchildren.Thebandwagoneffectisyetanotherfactor.Whenonemarketerbeginstofocusonchildren,competitorsfollowsuit,encouragingevenmorechildren’spurchases.McDonald’sCorp.,forexample,hasaimedadvertisementsforitshamburgers,mealkits,andpartiesatchildrenforyears；nowHardee’sFoodSystems,Inc,andWendy’sInternationalInc,aredoingthesame.

Astutemarketersrealizethatchildrenactuallyrepresentthreemarkets:currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers.Becausechildrenaresteadilydevelopingbrandawareness,andproductpreferencesthatsomedaywilltranslateintopurchasingdecisions,evencompaniesnotsellingyouthproductspersearebeginningtopayattentiontoselldirectlytochildren,realizingthat,outtheresomewhere,tomorrow’sbig-ticketcustomerisplayingvideogamestoday.

1.Thetopicofthisselectionis（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthisselection?

3.Fromthestatementthatchildren“havebillionsofdollarsindiscretionaryincome—andspendmostofit”，wecaninferthatchildren（）.

4.Abouttheirbuyingbehaviors,wecaninferthatchildrenare（）.

5.Wecaninferthatmarketersbelievechildrenwhodevelop“brandawareness”whentheyareyoungwill（）.

问题1选项

A.marketingproducts

B.children’sspendingpatterns

C.doingsurveysofchildren

D.thebandwagoneffect

问题2选项

A.Childrenhavemoretosayaboutfamilypurchasedecisionsthaneverbefore.

B.Childrenareimportantmembersofsociety.

C.Childrenhaveagooddealofpowerasbuyersandconsumers.

D.Marketersareovercomingtheirlackofinterestinsellingtochildren.

问题3选项

A.havenosenseofvalueregardingmoney

B.shouldnotbegivensomuchmoneybytheirparents

C.misusethefinancialpowerplacedintheirhands

D.donotsavemuchoftheirownmoney

问题4选项

A.notinfluencedmuchbyadvertising

B.verymuchinfluencedbytheirfriends

C.notinfluencedbymilkcommercialswithyouthappeal

D.carefulaboutspendingonhamburgersandotherfastfoods

问题5选项

A.rejectthosebrandswhenbecomeadults

B.purchasevideogamesfortheirchildren

C.remainloyaltothosebrandsintoadulthood

D.spendtheirmoneywiselyandthoughtfullyasadults

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:文章第一二段提到儿童群体虽然不大，但是他们有一定的购买能力；之后引用了一些儿童带来的花费的数据来进一步说明儿童是个很大的消费群体。最后提到儿童代表着三个市场。从这些可知全文都是在讲儿童的消费问题。所以选项B符合题意。

第2题:文章主要探讨儿童消费问题。出于很多原因，儿童已经是一个具有很强购买力的消费者。选项C符合题意。

第3题:文章第一段提到孩子们有很多零花钱自己处理，但是他们容易受到电视广告的影响（Theyareheavilyinfluencedbythehoursoftelevisionadvertisingtheyseeeachweek），说明他们的钱被乱用了，选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章第一段提到虽然儿童的购买力不强，但是他们会受同伴的影响（Althoughtheirindividualpurchasesaresmall，theybuyregularly,oftenresponsetopeerpressure）。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章最后一段提到商家们认为儿童代表三个市场：currentconsumers,influentialconsumers,andfuturebuyers。孩子们的品牌意识和产品偏好正稳定发展，总有一天会形成购买力。选项C符合题意。

23.单选题

TheclashbetweenRealMadridandArsenalisbeing（）asthematchoftheseason.

问题1选项

A.harbinger

B.allured

C.congested

D.lodged

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。harbinger“先驱，预兆”；allured“引诱；诱惑”；congested“充塞，充满”；lodge“寄宿，临时住宿”。句意：皇家马德里和阿森纳之间的冲突是这个赛季的前奏。选项A符合题意。

24.单选题

Thepolicearedoingalltheycantobringthoseresponsibleforthebombingto（）.

问题1选项

A.evidence

B.hearing

C.justice

D.rule

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。evidence“证据，证明”；hearing“听力；审讯”；justice“司法，法律制裁，正义”；rule“统治，规则”。句意：警察正竭尽全力找出爆炸案的元凶将之绳之以法。选项C符合题意。

25.单选题

Westernmedicine,（）scienceandpracticedbypeoplewithacademicinternationallyacceptedmedicaldegrees，isonlyoneofmanysystemsofhealing.

问题1选项

A.rootedin

B.originatedfrom

C.trappedin

D.indulgedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。rootin“来源于，起因于”；originatefrom“发源于，起源于”；trapin“受困于”；indulgein“沉溺于”。句意：西药从科学发展而来，通过人们的实践获得国际认定的医学地位，它只是众多治疗系统中的一种。originatefrom指一般意义上的来源于某地。rootin有“扎根于，根植于”的意思。所以选项A更恰当。

26.单选题

Thecontractbetweenthecompanieswill（）attheendoftheyear.

问题1选项

A.expire

B.exceed

C.terminate

D.cease

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。expire“期满，短期”；exceed“超过，胜过”；terminate“使终止，使结束”；cease“停止，结束”。句意：两个公司的合同年底将到期。选项A符合题意。

27.单选题

I’msorryI’mlate—Ihadamental（

）andforgetthatwewouldhaveameetingtoday.

问题1选项

A.aberration

B.perversion

C.imbalance

D.sanity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。aberration“神经迷乱；离开正路；越轨”；perversion“反常，颠倒，曲解”；imbalance“不平衡，不安定”；sanity“明智，头脑清楚”。句意：很抱歉我迟到了。我有点精神恍惚忘记了今天还有个会议。选项A符合题意。

28.单选题

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandheararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andovertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.IntimeMelio(notwithoutsometerriblemistakes)learnthowtoliveinspiteofthedifficultiesuponthatmountainshelf.

HisonlyneighborswereafamilygroupofParakanaIndianswho,forreasonsknownonlytothemselves,tookalikingtoMelio.TheirChie