历年考研英语翻译汇总

5/5历年考研英语翻译汇总46Scinentistsjumpedtotheresurewithsomedistimctlyshakyevidencetotheeffectthatinsectswouldeatusupofbirdsfailedtocontrolthem

47butwehaveatleastdrawnnearthepointofadmittingthatbirdsshouldcontinueasamatterofintrinsicright,regardlessofthepresenceorabsenceofeconomicadvantagetous

48Timewaswhenbiologistssomewhatoverwordedtheevidencethatthesecreaturespreservethehealthofgamebykillingthephysicallyweak,orthattheypreyonlyon“worthlessspecies

49Ineurope,whereforestryisecologicallymoreadvanced,thencommercialtreespeciesarerecognizedadmrsofnativeforestcommunity,tobepreservedassuch,withinreason

50Ittendstoignore,andthuseventuallytoeliminate,manyelementsinthelandcommunitythatlackcommercialvalue,butthatareessentialtoitshealthyning.

46.Itmaybesaidthatthemeasureoftheworthofanysocialinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingandimprovingexperience,butthiseffectisnotapartofitsoriginalmotive

47.Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted.andonlymoregraduallystillwasthiseffectconsideredasadirectivefactorintheconductoftheinstitution。

48.whileitiseasytoignoreinourcontactwiththemtheeffectofouractsupontheirdisposition.itisnotsoeasyasindealingwithadults.

49.Sinceourchiefbusinesswiththemistoenablethemtoshareinacommonlifewecannothelpconsideringwhetherornotweareformingthepowerswhichwillsecurethisability.

50.Wearethusledtodistinguish.withinthebroadeducationalprocesswhichwehavebeensofarconsidering.amoreformalkindofeducation-thatofdirecttuitionorschooling.

46Hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations,

47Heasserts,also,thathispowertofollowalongandpurelyabstracttrainofthoughtwasverylimited,forwhichreasonhefeltcertainthathenevercouldhavesucceededwithmathematics.

48Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptaswellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,whilehewasagoodobserver,hehadnopowerofreasoning.

49Headdshumblythatperhapshewas"superiortothecommonrunofmeninnoticingthingswhicheasilyescapeattention,andinobservingthemcarefully."

50Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossiblybeinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobablytothemoralcharacter.

（1）Traditionally,legallearninghasbeenviewedinsuchinstitutionsasthespecialpreserveoflawyers,ratherthananecessarypartoftheintellectualequipmentofaneducatedperson.

（2）Ontheother,itlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthenews.

（3）Buttheideathatthejournalistmustunderstandthelawmoreprofoundlythananordinarycitizenrestsonanunderstandingoftheestablished

conventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewmedia.

（4）Infact,itisdifficulttoseehowjournalistswhodonothaveacleargraspofthebasicfeaturesoftheCanadianConstitutioncandoacompetentjobonpoliticalstories.

（5）Whilecommentandreactionfromlawyersmayenhancestories,itispreferableforjournaliststorelyontheirownnotionsofsignificanceandmaketheirownjudgments.

1.Ishalldefinehimasanindividualwhohaselectedashisprimarydutyand

pleasureinlifetheactivityofthinkinginSocratic(苏格拉底)wayaboutmoralproblems。

2.Hisfunctionisanalogoustothatofajudge,whomustaccepttheobligation

ofrevealinginasobviousamatteraspossiblethecourseofreasoningwhichledhimtohisdecision。

3.Ihaveexcludedhimbecause,whilehisaccomplishmentsmaycontributetothe

solutionofmoralproblems,hehasnotbeenchargedwiththetaskofapproachinganybutthefactualaspectsofthoseproblems。

4.Buthisprimarytaskisnottothinkaboutthemoralcode,whichgovernshis

activity,anymorethanabusinessmanisexpectedtodedicatehisenergiestoanexplorationofrulesofconductinbusiness。

5.Theymayteachverywell,andmorethanearntheirsalaries,butmostofthem

makelittleornoindependentreflectionsonhumanproblemswhichinvolvemoraljudgment。

1.Televisionisoneofthemeansbywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed—andperhapsneverbeforehasitservedsomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnationsasistherecenteventsinEurope。

2.

groupswhichbringtogethertelevision,radionewspapers,magazinesandpublishinghousesthatworkinrelationtooneanother。

3.ThisalonedemonstratesthatthetelevisionbusinessisnotaneasyworldtosurviveinafactunderlinedbystatisticsthatshowthatoutofeightyEuropeantelevisionnetworksnolessthan50%tookalossin1989。

4.Creatinga“Europeanidentity”thatrespectsthedifferentculturesandtraditionswhichgotomakeuptheconnectingfabricoftheOldcontinentisnoeasytaskanddemandsastrategicchoice。

5.Indealingwithachallengeonsuchascale,itisnoexaggerationtosay“Unitedwestand,dividedwefall”。

1.TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessof

thought，whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagecouldbe。

2.Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished，asthepeople

whospokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirnativelanguages。

3.Thenewlydescribedlanguageswereoftensostrikinglydifferentfromthewellstudied

languagesofEuropeandSoutheastAsiathatsomescholarsevenaccusedBoasandSapiroffabricatingtheirdata。

4.Beinginterestedintherelationshipofthelanguageandthought，Whorfdevelopedtheidea

thatthestructureofthelanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtinasociety。

5.Whorfcametobelieveinasortoflinguisticdeterminismwhich，initsstrongestform，states

thatlanguageimprisonsthemind，andthatthegrammaticalpatternsinalanguagecanproducefar。

1.Furthermore，humanshavetheabilitytomodifytheenvironmentinwhichtheylive，thus

subjectingallotherlifeformstotheirownpeculiarideasandfancies。

2.Socialscienceisthatbranchofintellectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheir

endeavorsinthesamereasoned，orderly，systematic，anddispassionedmannerthatnaturalscientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena。

3.Theemphasisondatagatheredfirsthand，combinedwithacross

broughttotheanalysisofculturespastandpresent，makesthisstudyauniqueand

distinctlyimportantsocialscience。

4.Tylordefinedcultureas“…thatcomplexwholewhichincludesbelief，art，morals，law，

customandanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety”。

5.Thus，theanthropologicalconceptof“culture”，liketheconceptof“set”inmathematics，

isanabstractconceptwhichmakespossibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchandunderstanding。

1.Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotrace

behaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,humannature,andsoon。

2.Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitems

oftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind。

3.Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundred

yearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied。

4.Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomousself

andtheyareessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconduct

andgivencreditforhisachievements。

5.Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,and

withitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems。

2001年

1.Therewillbetelevisionchatshowshostedbyrobots，andcarswithpollutionmonitors

thatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend。

2.Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitychips，

personalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools，relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell，anddigitalagewillhavearrived。

3.Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldto

produceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecanexpecthundredsofkeybreakthroughsanddiscoveriestotakeplace。

4.Butthat，Pearsonpointsout，isonlythestartofman

beginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimatelyleadtoafullyelectronic

humanbeforetheendofthenextcentury”。

5.Andhomeapplianceswillalsobecomesosmartthatcontrollingandoperatingthemwill

resultinthebreakoutofanewpsychologicaldisorder—kitchenrage。

2000年：

1.Undermodernconditions，thisr