语言学语言学教程-测试题及答案

1。判断题：Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.正确 错误 参考答案：错误单选题： dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherparticularlyeducation。LinguistictheoryPracticallinguisticsC。ComparativelinguisticsD.Appliedlinguistics参考答案：D单选题：Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman contactCrelationD。community参考答案:B4。判断题：Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.正确 错误参考答:错5。填空题：Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts. referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeech。参考答案:langue6.判断: TheconventionalnatureoflanguageisillustratedbyafamousquotationShakespear'splayRomeoandJuliet:“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet".正确 错误参考答:正7。填空题：Linguisticpotentialissimilartolangueand参考答案:competence8.判断: Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.正确 错误参考答案：错9。填空:Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa study.参考答案：diachronic10.填空:Linguisticsisthe studyof参考答:scientific。填空:Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyof overwriting.参考答案：speech填空题：Modernlinguisticsis inthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscoverwhatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.参考答案：descriptive单选题：Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?A.treeB。typewriterC.crashD。bang参考答案：A14。判断: 。deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrench。正确 错误参考答案：错15单选题： referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser'sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.A.PerformanceBCompetenceCLangueD.Parole参考答案：A判断题：Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.正确 错误参考答案：错单选题：Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureofspeakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?A。TransferabilityB。DualityC.Displacement。Arbitrariness参考答案：C【quiz2phonology】:18分【jenny1027】的测试概况：(得分：18分）1.填空:Inphonologicalanalysisthewordsfail/veilaredistinguishablesimplybecauseofthetwophonemes/f/—。Thisisanexampleforillustrating 参考答案：minimalpairs2。填空题：Speechtakesplacewhentheorgansofspeechmovetoproducepatternsof。Thesemovementshaveaneffectonthe coming fromthe。参考答案：airstream判断题：Accordingtothelengthortensenessofthepronunciation，vowelscanbedividedintolongshortortensevs.lax.正确 错误参考答:正判断: InEnglish，allthebackvowelsare正确 错误参考答案:错误5填空题：InEnglishthereareanumberof ,whichareproducedbymovingfromonevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterveningpositions。参考答案：diphthongs填空题：Accordingtothefeatureofvoicing,consonantsoundscanbeeither or whileallvowelsoundsare 。参考答:voiced voiceless voiced7单选: Pitchvariationisknownas onationtoneC。pronunciationD。voice参考答案:A8.单选题：Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesof[n]B.[m］C.［b］D。[p］参考答案：A9。判断题： InEnglish，allthefrontvowelsandthecentralvowelsare。正确 错误参考答案：正确10。单选题：WhichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechAcousticphoneticsB.ArticulatoryphoneticsC。AuditoryphoneticsD.Noneoftheabove参考答案:B单选题：Whatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?B。VoicedC。GlottalstopD。Consonant参考答案:B填空题：Consonantsdifferfromvowelsinthatthelatterareproducedwithout .参考答案：obstruction判断: Suprasegmentalphonologyreferstothestudyofphonologicalpropertiesofunitslargerthanthesuchassyllable,wordand。正确 错误参考答案：正14。判断题： ［p]isavoicedbilabial正确 错误参考答案：错误15。判断题： Acousticphoneticsisconcernedwiththeperceptionofspeech正确 错误参考答案：错误16。单选题：Whichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels？A.［i:］BC［e］D.［i］参考答案：B【quiz3Morphology】1。填空: Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwoand 参考答案：derivationalmorphemes inflectionalmorphemes2。填空题： isareverseprocessofderivation,andthereforeisaprocessofshortening.参考答案：Back-formation3。单选题：Thethreesubtypesofaffixesprefix,suffixand 。derivationalaffixB。inflectionalaffixC.infixD.back—formation参考答案：C单选题： Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas 。contentwordsB.grammaticalwordsC.functionwordsD。formwords参考答案：A填空题： isextremelyproductive，becauseEnglishhadlostmostofitsinflectionalendingsbytheendoftheMiddleEnglishperiod，whichfacilitatedtheuseofwordsinterchangeablyasverbsornouns，verbsoradjectives,andviceversa。参考答案：Conversion6。单选题： isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.affixationCinsertionD.addition参考答案：B7填空题：Asmallsetofconjunctions,prepositionsandpronounsbelongto class,thelargestpartofnouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsbelongto 。参考答:closed open8。单选题：Thewordslikesmogandmotelareformedby 。A。blendingB。clippingC.back—formationD。acronymy参考答案：A单选题：InEnglish–iseand–tionarecalled .A.prefixes B.suffixes C.infixes Dstems参考答案：B填空:Awordformedbyderivationiscalleda ,andawordformedbycompoundingiscalleda .参考答案：derivative compound。单选题：ThewordDINKisformedinthewayof 。acronymyB。clippingC.compoundingblending参考答案：A12。单选题：Thereare morphemesintheworddenationalization.。three B.four C。five D。six参考答案：C13单选题：Morphemesthatrepresentnumber,genderandcasearecalled morpheme.A.inflectional B.free C.bound Dderivational参考答案：A【quiz4-syntax】1。填空题：Wordswhichintroducethesentencecomplementaretermed 参考答案：complementizers2.判断: Minorlexicalcategoriesareopenbecausethesecategoriesarenotfixedandnewmembersareallowedfor.正确 错误参考答案：错3。填空: is”asyntacticunitthatfunctionsaspartofalargerunitwithina参考答案：Constituent4.填空题：Therearetwolevelsofsyntacticstructures.Thefirst，formedbytheXPruleinaccordancewiththesub—categorizationproperties,iscalled 。Thecorrespondingtothefinalsyntacticformofthesentencewhichresultsfromappropriatetransformations,iscalled .参考答案：deepstructure surfacestructure5。填空题：Inflistheshortformof ,anabstractcategorywhichindicates and 。参考答案：inflection tense agreement填空:Majorlexicalcategoriesplayaveryimportantroleinsentence。Theydifferfromminorlexicalcategoriesinthattheyareoften assumedtobethearoundwhichphrasesarebuilt.参考答案：heads判断题：InEnglishsyntacticanalysis,fourphrasalcategoriesarecommonlyrecognizedanddiscussed,namely,nounphrase,verb，infinitivephrase,andauxiliaryphrase.正确 错误参考答:错判断: Anounphrasemustcontainanoun,butotherelementsareoptional.正确 错误参考答案：正9。填空: istheinversionoperationinvolvingthemovementofawordfromtheheadpositioninonephraseintotheheadpositioninanother。参考答案：headmovement10。填空题：Sentencehead--—— positioncanbetakenbyan oranabstractcategoryencodedinaverbwhichindicatesthesentence's 。参考答案：Infl auxiliary tense填空:Syntaxis thatstudieshowwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesandthe theformationof。参考答案：abranchoflinguistics rulesthatgovern判断: Constituentsthatcanbesubstitutedforoneanotherwithoutlossofgrammaticalitybelongtothesamesyntacticcategory.正确 错误参考答案：正判断题：Inacomplexsentencethetwoclausesholdunequalstatus,onesubordinatingtheother.正确 错误参考答案：正14。判断题：Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinnumber，butthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.正确 错误参考答案：正15。填空:theXPrule（revised)：XP—-〉 + + 参考答案：(Specifier） X (Complement*)16。填空:Wh-movement:Moveawh-phrasetothe positionunderCP.参考答案：specifier【quiz5semantics】1。填空题： oppositesmaybeseenintermsofdegreesofthequality。参考答案：Gradable2.单选: Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“man"canbeexpressedas 。+human,+male,—adultB。+human,-male,-adultC。+human,+male，+adultD.+human,-male,+adult参考答案:C3填空题： analysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.参考答案：componential4。单选题：Awordwithseveralmeaningiscalled .A.anabnormalwordB。apolysemicC.asynonymouswordD.Noneoftheabove参考答案:B单选题：Whatisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“flower/tulip”?A.PolysemyB。HomonymyC。HyponymyD.Antonymy参考答案：C6。填空:Thesemanticcomponentoftheword -Married。参考答案:bachelor

are+Human，+Adult，+male,填空题：Accordingtothe“semantictriangle"presentedbyOgdenandsymbolor

referstothelinguistic

word，sentences,et,the

referstotheobjectintheworldofexperienceandthethoughtorreferencereferstoconcept.参考答:form referent8。单选题：Wecalltherelationbetween“animal"and“cow”as 。A.polysemyB。antonymyC。homophony。hyponymy参考答案：D9。单选: Whichdescriptionofcomponentialanalysisfortheword“woman”isright?+human,-adult,-male+human，+adult，C。+human，+adult,+maleD.+human，-adult,+male参考答案:B10。单选题：Whatisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“rose/tulip”？。polysemy B.hyponymy C。homophony D.co—hyponyms参考答案：D。单选题：Thepairofwords“wide/narrow”arecalled 。gradableoppositesB。complementaryantonymsC.co—hyponymsD.relationalopposites参考答案：A单选题：Thepairofwords“borrow/lend"arecalled .relationaloppositessynonymscomplementariesD。gradableopposites参考答案：A【quiz6Pragmatics】单选: Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudymeaning is。referenceB。speechactC。practicalusageD。context参考答案：D单选题：AccordingtoSearle，theillocutionarypointoftherepresentativeis 。togetthehearertodosomethingtocommitthespeakertosomething’sbeingthecasetocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionD。toexpressthefeelingsorattitudetowardsanexistingstateofaffairs参考答案:B3。填空题：A(n) actistheactofutteringwords,phrases ，clauses.Itistheactconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansoflexiconand。参考答案：locutionary4单选题：Asentenceisa concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation。A。pragmatic B。grammatical C.mental D.conceptual参考答案：B填空题：A(n) actistheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention;itistheactperformedinsayingsomething.参考答案：illocutionary填空题：Therearefourmaximsunderthecooperativeprinciple：themaximof ,maximofthemaximofrelationandthemaximof。参考答案:quantity判断题：Themeaningofasentenceisabstract,butcontext-dependent正确 错误参考答案：错8。填空题： weresentencesthatdidnotstateafactordescribeaandwerenotverifiable。参考答案：Performatives判断题：Itwouldbeimpossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionofmeaningifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered.正确 错误参考答案：正单选题：Whenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprincipleisflouted， mightarise。。impoliteness B。contradictionsC.mutualunderstanding Dconversationalimplicatures参考答案：D判断: Themeaningofanutteranceisdecontexualized,therefore正确 错误参考答案：错误填空:istoexpressfee