nco常用命令及高级玩法

NNcocommand:注意：nc文件中的文件名最好不要用数字开头，1.

ncdump

–hnc文件名

查看nc文件的信息2.

ncrcat2001.nc2002.nc2003.ncout.nc

n个nc文件按时间顺序合并3.

ncks：ncks-dtime,624,635nswrs.mon.mean.kang.ncnswrs.month.00.nc

将时次624到635的资料从nswrs.mon.mean.kang.nc中分割出来放在nswrs.month.00.nc中ncks-A-vuavg,vavgin.ncout.nc

将in.nc中的uavg,vavg变量添加到out.nc中去，同时in.nc和out中的cordinatevariablename重复，in.nc中的cordinatevariable

替换out.nc中的coordinatevariablencks-O-x-vUSin.ncout.nc:RemoveUSvariablefromin.nc,thatis,theout.nccontainsallvariablesofin.ncexceptUSncks–O–dlon,12in.ncout.nc:subsetvariableswithlon(12)ncks–O–dlon,12.in.ncout.nc:subsetvariableswithlon=12.4.

ncea–dtime,0,2–dlat,0,3685.nc86.nc87.ncave.nc,

对前面多个文件在规定的维数范围内求平均，放在后面一个文件里面。5.ncl_convert2nca.grb

，将grb文件转化成为nc文件6.ncl_filedump–ca.grb7.8、ncatted:

比较简单，但是也比较容易出错，最好参考教材

ncatted-O-aunits,y_T,o,c,nounitsoda_test_restore.nc

为变量y_T的units属性修改为字符型属性nounits

ncatted-O-acartesian_axis,grid_y_T,c,c,Yoda_test_restore.nc

为变量grid_y_T

增加属性cartesian_axis＝”Y”ncatted-acase,global,m,c,fwffwf.cpl.r.1941-01-01-00000.nc:changeglobalattributes.ncatted-amissing_value,temp,m,f,36oda_sub_kang.nc

将变量的缺省值修改为36.0，注意，修改的不仅是metadata，而且也修改了temp变量里面缺省值的值为36.0,注意，此时最好_Fill_Value最好不要出现

ncatted-O-afilename,global,m,c,temp_sfc_restore.ncoda_test_restore.nc

修改oda_test_restore.nc中globalattributes

下面filename的值为temp_sfc_restore.ncncatted-aTITLE,global,c,c,"OUTPUTFROMWRFV3.3MODEL"wrf.d01.nc

ncatted-O-acalendar,time,d,,,

u10_07sep1_08mar2.nc

删除time的calendar属性9、ncrename：

ncrename

–vtemp,temin.nc

给变量改名

ncrename

–dlat1,latin.nc

给坐标改名10、ncap2(ncap)：必须要两个文件名：in.ncout.ncncapusuallylosestheattributewhilencap2keepsattribute.ncap2-O-s'anomaly_2hour_outchange=temp-temp_restore'in.ncout.nc

两个变量相减生成第三个变量ncap2-O-s'temp_oda=float(temp_oda)'in.ncout.nc

将in.nc中的变量temp_oda转变成float类型ncap2

–O

–s

‘lon_lat[lon,lat]=lat+lon’

in.ncout.nc

lat和lon分别是一维数组，产生一个二维数组lon_lat(lon,lat)11、ncpdq:ncpdq-a-latoda_sub_kang.ncout.nc

改变lat的排列方向ncpdq-aT,Z,Y,X-vtemptemperature_jccom.ncout.nc

改变变量temp的排放顺序为temp(t,z,y,x)ncpdq-azt,TIMEregrid_3d.ncout.nc

changetherecorddimensionfromTIMEtoztncpdqin.ncout.ncallvariabletonc_shortncpdq–Uin.ncout.ncunpackallvariabletofloat12、ncrancra-dTIME,0,30,1u_10.ncu.nc

对u_10.nc的第一个月求平均值13、ncwa:Note:onlyvalidinonedimensionaverage.ncwa

－O

–alonin.ncout.nc

storethezonalmeanofin.ncinout.nc14

ncboneedonly3files.ncbo

-O--op_typ=add/sub/mlt/dvdin1.ncin2.ncout.nc

“ncboperformsbinaryoperations(additionsubtractionmultiplicationdivision,file1+-*/file2=out.nc)onvariablesinfile1andcorrespondingvariables(thosewiththesamename)infile2andstorestheresultsinfile315

ncflintncflint-O-C-vprs_sfc-w0.01,0.0in.ncin.ncout.nc

-C,

whichcauses

NCO

to

notautomaticallyaddcoordinatestothevariablesappearingintheoutput-file.

Rescalethedimensionalunitsofthesurfacepressureprs_sfcfromPascalstohectopascals

(millibars)含nc文件的fortran编译命令ifort-ofortran.exefortran1.f90-I/usr/local/include-L/usr/local/lib

–lnetcdf17上用32位编译：xlf90layer.f90-I/gpfs/fs4/kangxb/software/software.32bit/include-L/gpfs/fs4/kangxb/software/software.32bit/lib-lnetcdfXlf90

–ca.f90

只编译不链接Segmentationfault：堆栈不够的标志，此时尝试用-q64编译，如果还不行，就只好修改程序，减少堆栈GRADS：1、grads二进制文件转换成为nc文件：lats4d-itest.ctl-otest.nc-ftypectl-varsclfmi2、命令行执行lats4d:gradsc

-lbc

"lats4d

-v

-q

-i

model

-o

ex1"CDO./configureCC=pgcc--prefix=/global/u2/k/kang/software/cdo-1.4.3--with-netcdf=/opt/cray/netcdf//netcdf-pgi/--with-hdf5=/opt/cray/hdf5//hdf5-pgi/--with-szlib=/usr/common/usg/szip/2.1/pgi/./configureCC=pgcc--prefix=/global/u2/k/kang/software/cdo-1.4.3--with-netcdf=/opt/cray/netcdf//netcdf-pgi--with-hdf5=/opt/cray/hdf5//hdf5-pgi/

--with-szlib=/usr/common/usg/szip/2.1/pgi/onevergreen:./configure--prefix=/homes/xkang/software/cdo--with-netcdf=/cell_root/software/netcdf/4.1.1/intel400CC=icc--with-hdf5=/cell_root/software/hdf/1.8.6/intel/sys/include

LIBS='-lcurl'./configure--prefix=/homes/xkang/software/cdo--with-netcdf=/cell_root/software/netcdf/4.1.1/intel400CC=iccLIBS='-lcurl-lgssapi_krb5-lssl-lcrypto-ldl-lidn-ldes425-lkrb5-lk5crypto-lcom_err-lkrb5support-lresolv'1.

binary->nc

/global/u2/k/kang/software/cdo-1.4.3/bin/cdo-fncimport_binaryin.ctlout.nc2.nc->grib:https://code.zmaw.de/boards/1/topics/2907operatorstrategies:1、

specifyinglargenumberfiles:ncfilename=alphanumeric_prefix+numeric_suffix+’.’+filetype#ncea/ncecat/ncra/ncrcat

–nfile_number,digit_number,numeric_increment

#wheredigitnumberisthefixednumberofnumericdigitscomprisingthenumeric_suffix,asthefollowingexample：digit_numberis2,noalphanumeric_prefix,ifdigit_numberis1,thenthealphanumeric_prefixis8.ncra

–n5,2,185.nc8589.nc

#ncra85.nc86.nc87.nc88.nc89.nc8589.ncspecialskills:

2、

converttimefromarecorddimensiontoanon-recorddimensionncecatin.ncout.nc

#Converttimetonon-recorddimensionncwa-arecordin.ncout.nc

#Removenewdegeneraterecorddimension

3、

converttimefromafixeddimensiontoarecorddimensionncecatin.ncout.nc

#createarecorddimension:

“record”ncpdq-aTIME,recordout.ncin.nc#changetherecorddimensionfrom

“record”

toTIMEncwa-arecordin.ncout.nc

#Removenewdegeneraterecorddimension

4、

howtogluetimedimensionlackingfilestogetherwithtimedimensionadded?

(ex:temp_0hour(lat,lon),temp_6hour(lat,lon)totemp(time,lon,lat))ncecattemp1.nctemp_0hour.nc

result:temp(record,lat,lon),record=UNLIMITED;//(1currently)ncecattemp2.nctemp_6hour.nc

result:temp(record,lat,lon),record=UNLIMITED;//(1currently)ncrcattemp_0hour.nctemp_6hour.nctemp.nc,result:temp(record,lat,lon),record=UNLIMITED;//(2currently)ncrename

–drecord,timetemp.nc

result:temp(time,lat,lon)createtime.ncfile(like:time=UNLIMITED;//(2currently),doubletime(time))withncl

ncks

–Atime.nctemp.nc

result:temp(time,lat,lon)5、

Howtouse.psfileintheword?

Openthe*.psfilewithgsvsoftware->selectthe

“PStoEPS”

buttonin

“file”

menu->saveas*.eps(thewordsupportedformat)Open.pswithgsview->convert->jpeg6、

Nclmultipleinputfilesskills:Ex:######definevariable#################name=new((/2/),string)in=new((/2/),file)temp=new((/2,50,200,360/),double)######givethevariablethevalue#######

name(0)=(/"temp.2005_1.nc"/)

name(1)=(/"temp.2005_2.nc"/)

doi=0,1

in(i)=addfile(name(i),"r")

in2=in(i)

temp(i,:,:,:)=in2->temp

enddo7、

addtimerecord

#!/bin/csh

setecho

#attributetimedimensionasrecorddimension

foreachlabel(soda_u_1981.ncsoda_v_1981.nc

)

ncecat-O$labelout.nc

ncpdq-O-atime,recordout.ncout1.nc

ncwa-O-arecordout1.nc$label

rmout*

end8.dailymeantomonthlymeanincludingleapyear.#!/bin/tcshsetechorm*.tmp@yr=1951while($yr<=2007)setisleap=0foreachyr1(1952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219962000200420082012)if($yr==$yr1)thensetisleap=1endifendif($isleap==0)thenncra-O-dtime,0,30download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.10.ncncra-O-dtime,31,58download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.11.ncncra-O-dtime,59,89download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.12.ncncra-O-dtime,90,119download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.13.ncncra-O-dtime,120,150download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.14.ncncra-O-dtime,151,180download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.15.ncncra-O-dtime,181,211download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.16.ncncra-O-dtime,212,242download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.17.ncncra-O-dtime,243,272download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.18.ncncra-O-dtime,273,303download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.19.ncncra-O-dtime,304,333download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.20.ncncra-O-dtime,334,364download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.21.ncelsencra-O-dtime,0,30download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.10.ncncra-O-dtime,31,59download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.11.ncncra-O-dtime,60,90download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.12.ncncra-O-dtime,91,120download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.13.ncncra-O-dtime,121,151download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.14.ncncra-O-dtime,152,181download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.15.ncncra-O-dtime,182,212download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.16.ncncra-O-dtime,213,243download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.17.ncncra-O-dtime,244,273download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.18.ncncra-O-dtime,274,304download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.19.ncncra-O-dtime,305,334download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.20.ncncra-O-dtime,335,365download/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncout.21.ncendifncrcat-O-n12,2,1out.10.ncmonth/APHRO_MA_025deg_V1003R1.$yr.ncrmout*@yr+=1End9.Fourtimesperdailymeantomonthlymeanforvarinslp_t_10_modq_10_modu_10_modv_10_moddofilein=$var.clim.ncfileout=$var.clim.monthly.ncncra-O-dtime,0,123$fileinout.10.ncncra-O-dtime,124,235$fileinout.11.ncncra-O-dtime,236,359$fileinout.12.ncncra-O-dtime,360,479$fileinout.13.ncncra-O-dtime,480,603$fileinout.14.ncncra-O-dtime,604,723$fileinout.15.ncncra-O-dtime,724,847$fileinout.16.ncncra-O-dtime,848,971$fileinout.17.ncncra-O-dtime,972,1091$fileinout.18.ncncra-O-dtime,1092,1215$fileinout.19.ncncra-O-dtime,1216,1335$fileinout.20.ncncra-O-dtime,1336,1459$fileinout.21.ncncrcat-O-n12,2,1out.10.nc$fileoutrmout*done

10.#rearrangelon(lon:-180:180to0:360)ncpdq-O-alon,timein.ncout.ncncks-O-dlon,0,179out.ncout1.ncncap2-O-s'lon=lon+360'out1.ncout3.ncncks-O-dlon,180,359out.ncout2.ncncatted-along_name,lon,d,,out3.ncncatted-aaxis,lon,d,,out3.ncncatted-aunits,lon,d,,out3.ncncatted-astandard_name,lon,d,,out3.ncncatted-along_name,lon,d,,out2.ncncatted-aaxis,lon,d,,out2.ncncatted-aunits,lon,d,,out2.ncncatted-astandard_name,lon,d,,out2.ncncrcat-Oout2.ncout3.ncout.ncncatted-along_name,lon,c,c,"longitude"out.ncncatted-aaxis,lon,c,c,"X"out.ncncatted-aunits,lon,c,c,"degrees_east"out.ncncatted-astandard_name,lon,c,c,"longitude"out.ncncpdq-O-atime,lonout.ncin.nc11.climatology,anomaly,standarddeviation#!/bin/bashset-xbe=0#recordofdatabegined=215#recordofdataendfilein=chla.9801-1512.nc#forclimatologymon0=$belet"mon11=$mon0+11"num=100while[$mon0-le$mon11]doncra-O-dtime,$mon0,$ed,12$fileinout.$num.nclet"mon0=$mon0+1"let"num=$num+1"donelet"num=$num-100"ncrcat-O-n$num,2,1out.100.ncltm.nc#foranomalymon0=$belet"mon11=$mon0+11"num=100while[$mon11-le$ed]doncks-O-dtime,$mon0,$mon11$fileinout.ncncbo-O--op_typ=subout.ncltm.ncout.$num.nclet"mon0=$mon0+12"let"mon11=$mon11+12"let"num=$num+1"donelet"num=$num-