新视野大学英语第一单元单词讲解

Unit1TextA<l>chase|vt.|runaftersb.orsth.inordertocatchthem|追逐;追赶Mydoglikeschasingrabbits.|我的那条狗喜欢追逐兔子。|Wewerechasedbyabullwhilecrossingthefield.|我们穿过田哦地时,有一条公牛追逐着我们。<2>cruelty|n. |[C,U]behaviorthatmakespeopleoranimalssuffer|残酷;残忍Thebooktellsreadersthecrueltyoftheslavetradeatthattime.|这本书告诉了读者在那个时候奴隶买卖的残忍。Thefarmerwasaccusedofcrueltytoanimals.|这个农民被指控残酷虐待动物。<3>pessimistic|a.|expectingthatbadthingswillhappeninthefutureorthatsth.willhaveabadresult|悲观的Thetoneofthemeetingwasverypessimistic.咳会议的气氛非常悲观。Thedoctorsarepessimisticabouthischancesofrecovery.|医生们对他康复的可能很悲观。<4>conquest|n. |1.[U]theprocessofgainingcontroloversth.throughgreateffort|征服;控制TheconquestofinflationhasbeentheGovernment'seconomicpriority.|征服通货膨胀一直是政府经济上首要考虑做的事。Hefinallymadetheconquestofthediseasecometrue.|他最后战胜f那疾病。[sing.,U]theactoftakingcontrolofacountry,city,etc.byforce|征服;攻占AftertheNormanConquesttheforestbecamearoyalhuntingpreserve.|在诺曼征服之后,这片森林就成了皇家狩猎地。Theempirehadexpandedlargelythroughmilitaryconquest.|帝国的扩张主要是通过军事占领。|<5>bankrupta.(withoutenoughmoneytopaywhatoneowes|破产的Thecompanywasdeclaredbankrupt.|这家公司被宣布破产。Fiveyearsagoshewasasuccessfulactress,butnowsheisbankrupt|五年前她是一个成功的演员,可是现在她ー贫如洗了。<6>motive|n. |[C]areasonfordoingsth.|动机Whywouldshehavekilledhim?Shehasnomotive.|她为什么会杀他呢?她没有任何动机。Whatisthemotivebehindthebombing?|爆炸背后有什么动机?<7>worship|vt.|admireandlovesb.verymuch|崇拜;敬垂;仰慕Heworshippedhiswife.|イ也很崇拜妻子。Hewasamusedbythewayyoungeractorsworshippedandcopiedhim.|年青演员崇拜他、模仿他的方式使他感到很有意思。<8>spurIvt.lencouragesb.ormakethemwanttodosth.|鼓励:刺激Herdifficultchildhoodspurredherontosucceed.|她艰难的童年激励她去取得成功。Mytrainerspurredmetokeepupapaceoffourmilesanhour.|我的教练鼓励我保持每小时4英里的节奏。|<9>lure|n.|[C]sth.thatattractspeople,orthequalityofbeingabletodothis例惑Fewcanresistthelureofadventure.|几乎没有人抵挡得住的历险的吸引力。Itisthelureofmoneythatbringsthemtothecity.|是金钱的诱惑使他们来到了这城市。|<10>drown|v.|1.haveaverystrongfeelingoraseriousproblemthatisdificulttodealwith|沉浸于IReliefagenciesaredrowninginfrustration.|救济机构都沉浸于失望之中。|1feltasifIweredrowninginsleep.|我感至リ自己好像沉浸在睡眠之中。diefrombeingunderwaterfortoolong,hisway|（使）淹死Manypeopledrownedwhentheboatoverturned.|翻船时有・许多人淹死了。Hedrownedinaboatingaccident.|他在一次划船事故中淹死了。（<1l>imperial|a.|1.greatandmagniicent|壮丽的;宏大的Thehouseishugeandalmostimperial.|房子很大,极其壮丽。Itissaidthatfewplacesonearthoffersuchimperialscenicbeautyasthis.|据说世界ヒ很少有地方像这里有如此壮观的美景。relatingtoanempireortothepersonwhorulesit|帝国的;皇帝的thedeclineofanimperialpower|强盛帝国的衰败|Britain'simperialexpansioninthe19thcentury|英帝国在19世纪的扩张<12>agent|n. |1.[C]sb.whosejobistohelpanactor,artist,etc.indwork|经纪人|Abest-sellingwriterneedsagoodagent.|畅销书作家需要好的经纪人。Myagenthasanewscriptformetolookat.|我的经纪人有一个新剧本要我看一看。|2.[C]apersonorcompanythatrepresentsanotherpersonorcompany,esp.inbusiness|代理人;代理商OuragentinNewYorkdealswithallUSsales.|我们在纽约的代理商处理所有的美国销售业务。<13><em>hasten</em>|vt.|makesth.happensoonerormorequickly|加快;加速Thetreatmentshereceivedmay,infact,havehastenedherdeath.|实际上她接受的治疗カ。速了她的死亡。Newsofthescandalcertainlyhastenedhisdeparturefromoffice.|有关这件丑闻的消息当然加速了他的离职。<14>elevator|n. ||C]amachinethatcarriespeopleorgoodsupanddowninabuilding|电梯It'sonthesixthfloor-let'staketheelevator.|它在六层,让我们坐电梯吧。Somepeopleweretrappedintheelevators.|有些人被困在了电梯里。<15>blur |n.|[C]sth.thatonecannotrememberorseeclearly|模糊的记忆;模糊不清的事物Theeventsofthatdaywerejustablur.|那天所发生的事情是简直就是一片模糊,记不清楚。Mymeomoryofmychildhooddaysisonlyablur.|我对童年只有些模糊的记忆。<16>idle |a. |notworkingorproducinganything|不工作的;闲着的Theworkershavebeenidleforthelastsixmonths.|在过去的六个月,这些工人们都闲着没事干。Themachinestoodidlefortwomonths.|机器闲置了两个月。<17>bore|vt.Imakesb.loseinterestandbecometiredandimpatient|使厌烦Heboreseveryonewithhisstoriesabouthisgirlfriends.|他老讲自己女朋友的故事,使每个人都感到厌倦。Beingalonewithababyalldayboredhertodeath.|整天一个人和一个婴儿在ー起使她厌倦死了。<18>bored|a.|tiredandimpatient|厌烦的Itwasacold,wetdayandthechildrenwerebored.|那天很冷,又潮湿,孩子们都厌倦了。Hewasgettingboredwithdoingthesamethingeveryday.|每天都做同样的事，他变得厌倦了。<19>continuity|n. |[U]thestateofcontinuingforaperiodoftime|连贯（性）;连续（性）Thenovelfailstoachievenarrativecontinuity.|这部小说在叙述上没能取得连贯。Hisspeechlackscontinuityinlogic.|他的演说缺乏逻辑的连贯性。<20>sustainvt.|makesth.continuetoexistforaperiodoftime修隹持;使•..持续Shemanagedtosustaineveryone'sinterestuntiltheendofherspeech"她设法使得每个人的兴趣都保持到她演讲结束。Kangarooscansustainhighspeedsoverlongdistances.|袋鼠向言长足巨离地保持高速。<21>minute|a.|verysmall|极小的11 ||Herwriting'ssominutethatit'sdifficulttoread.|她的字迹太小了,很难读。11 ||Theproblemwascausedbyminuteparticlesofdustgettinginthediskdrive.|问题是由进入到磁盘驱动器上的灰尘微粒引起的。|<22>discount|vt.|1.regardsth.asunlikelytobetrueorimportant低估III|Youshouldn*tdiscountthepossibilityofhimcomingback.|你们不应该不相信他回来的可能性。11 ||Muchofwhathesaysmustbediscounted.|他说的很多话不可信。I|2.reducethepriceofsth.|降低价格:打折11 ||Thestorediscountsallitsmerchandise.|这家商店的多有商品都打折。11 ||Heaskedtodiscount15%fromtheprice.|他要求打八五折。|n. |[C]areductionintheusualpriceofsth.|折扣11I|Theyusuallygiveyouadiscountifyoubuymorethantencopies.|如果你多十本以上,イ也们通常给你打折扣。11 ||Theyoffera10percentdiscountonrailtravelforstudents.|他们向学生提供火车旅行,九折优惠。<23>plot |n.|1.[C]thestoryofabook,film,play,etc.|（小说、电影、戏剧等的）情节11 ||Thefilmhasaverysimpleplot.|这部电影的情节非常简单。11 ||Theplotsofhisbooksarebasicallyallthesame.|他书的情节基本上都是相同的I2.[C]asecretplan|阴谋;密谋11I|Theplotwasdiscoveredbeforeitwascarriedout.|这密谋还没进行就已被发现。|| ||Thepolicehavefoiledaplottoassassinatethepresident.|警方挫败了一起暗杀总统的阴谋。<24><em>moviemaker</em>|n.|[C]sb.whomakesilms,esp.adirectororproducer|电影制作人III|AmongtheaudienceweremoviemakerJimSheridanandsomemoviestars.|观众中有电影制作人吉姆・谢里登和一些电影明星。11 ||It*sabouttimeafewmoviemakerswithoriginalideasweregivenachance.|该是给那ー些具有新见解的电影制作人机会的时候了。<25>distinct|a.|1.clearlydifferentorbelongingtoadifferenttype|明显不同的;独特的11 ||Thetwoconceptsarequitedistinctfromeachother.|这两个概念相互是有明显区别的。11 ||Thelearningneedsofthetwogroupsarequitedistinctfromeachother.|这两个组的学习需要彼此是相当不同的。2.abletobeclearlyseen,heard,smelled,etc.|清晰的;清楚的;明显的11 ||Theoutlineoftheshipbecamemoredistinct.|船的轮廓变的更清楚了。11 ||Asnightfell,theoutlineofthemountainbecamelessdistinct.|夜幕降临,山峦的轮廓变的不那么清楚了。<26>spotlight|n.|[C]I聚光灯11 I|Theroomwaslitbyspotlights.|聚光灯照亮了房间。11 ||Shestoodaloneonstageinthespotlight.|她独自ー一个人站在舞台的聚光灯下。<27>jungle|n.|[C,U]athicktropicalforestwithmanylargeplantsgrowingveryclosetogether|（東セ帀ノ丛林III|Thelakesarecertainlytherebuttheyarehiddenindensejungle.|湖肯定在那儿,不过是隐藏在密林之中。11 ||Whenthepolicehittheshore,theyfledintothejungle.|当警察到达河岸时,他们逃进了丛林。<28>fraud|n.|[C,U]thecrimeofdeceivingsb.inordertogetmoneyorsth.illegally|欺诈;诈骗11I|Shewaschargedwithcreditcardfraud.|她被指控犯信用卡诈骗。|| ||Biglossesduetotheftandfraudforcedthecompanytoclose.|由于偷窃和欺诈造成的巨大损失迫使这家公司倒闭了。<29>contaminate|vt.|makesth.dirtyorpoisonous|污染;弄脏III|Muchofthecoasthasbeencontaminatedbynuclearwaste.|那海岸的许多地方已被核废料污染了。|| ||Thefoodwhichhadbeencontaminatedwasdestroyed.|被弄脏/污染的食品已经被毁掉了。|<30>underline|vt.|1.drawalineunderawordtoshowthatitisimportant|在…下划线III|AIIthetechnicalwordshavebeenunderlinedinred.|所有的技术词汇都已用红色在其下面划了线。11 ||Donヤforgettounderlinethetitleoftheessay.|别忘了在文章标题下划线。| 2.emphasize;showthatsth.isimportant5虽调,使突出11 I|Sheunderlinedtheseriousnessofthesituation」她强调了形势的严峻性。|| ||Tounderlinetheirdisgust,thecrowdstartedthrowingbottlesatthestage.|为了强调他们的厌恶,人群开始向舞台扔瓶子了。|<31><em>uncompromising</em>|a.|unwillingtochangeone'sopinionsorbehavior|不妥协的:不让步的III|Hehasareputationforbeingtoughanduncompromising.他有一个顽强、决不妥协的名声。11 ||Atwork,Georgewasknownasanuncompromisingbusinessman.|在工作上,乔治是ー个决不让步的商人。<32>object|vi.|opposeordisapproveofsth.|反对;不赞成11I|Wouldanyoneobjectifwestartedthemeetingnow?|如果我们现在开始开会，有人反对吗?11I|Nooneobjectedwhenthebosssaiditwastimetogohome.|当老板说该回家了时,没有人表示反对。<33>accuse|vt.|saythatsb.isguiltyofacrimeorofdoingsth.bad|指控:控告11Ifitwasn*tmyfault.""Don'tworry,Pmnotaccusingyou."|“这不是我的过错。”“别担心,我不是在指责你」11 ||He*sbeenaccusedofrobbery.|他被控以抢劫。<34>banquet|n.|[C]afonnaldinnerformanypeopleonanimportantoccasion|宴会11 1|Abanquetwasplannedtocelebratethevictory.|为庆祝胜利,计划举行一个宴会。11 ||Thatnighttherewasastatebanquet.|那天晚上举行了一ー个国宴。<35>sueIvt.Imakealegalclaimagainstsb.,esp.formoney|起诉;控告11I|Thecompanyissuingaformeremployee.|该公司正在起诉•个前雇员。|| ||Hethreatenedtosuethemiftheworkwasnotcompleted.|如果工作完不成,他威胁要起诉他们<36>attomey|n. |[C]alawyer律师11I|Simpsonansweredquestionsfromhisdefenseattorneyfornearlythreehours.|辛普森冋答了将近三小时自己辩护律师提出的问题。|| ||Otherinvestorshavehiredattorneysandaredecidingwhomtosue.|其他投资者已经雇了律师,正在决定要起诉谁。<37>second|vt.|supportasuggestionmadebyanotherpersoninameeting|支持;附议III|Themotionwasproposedbytheclub'schairmanandsecondedbythesecretary.|这提案是俱乐部主席提出的,并得到了秘书的支持。|| ||"Willanyonesecondthismotion?"*'Isecondit,Mr.Chairman.''|"有谁支持这项动议?”“主席先生,我附议。”<38>fine|vt.|makesb.paymoneyasapunishment|罚...的款11I[Driverswhoexceedthespeedlimitcanexpecttobefinedheavily.|超速驾驶的司机会受到重罚。|| ||Theyfinedhim$100forusingthreateningbehaviour.|他们对他使用威胁性举止罚了他100美金。<39>expel|vt.|forcesb.toleaveaschoolororganization|开除;驱逐11I|Thegovernmenthasexpelledsomediplomats.|政府」将一些タト交官驱逐出境。|| ||Mybrotherwasexpelledfromschoolforbadbehavior」我弟弟因为行为不端被学校开除了。<40>justify|vt.|showthatthereisagoodreasonforsth.thatotherpeoplethinkisunreasonable|证明…有道理;为…辩护11 ||Howdoyoujustifyyourrudebehavior?|你如何为你的粗鲁举止辩解呢?11 ||Wecan'tjustifyspendinganymoremoneyonthisproject.|我们没有理由再在这个项目上花费更多的钱了。<41><em>single-minded</em>|a.Ihavingoneclearaimandworkingveryhardtoachieveit|ー心一忌的;专ー的11 ||Sheisverysingle-mindedabouthercareer/她对自己的职'也十分专心。11 ||Hersingle-mindedcommitmenttothejobmeantthatshehadlittletimeleftforherfamily.|她对工作的・心・意的奉献意味着她很少有时间留给自己的家庭。<42>novelist|n.|[C]sb.whowritesnovels|小说家11I|Afamousnovelistgaveaspeechattheopeningceremony.|在开幕式上,•位知名小说家发了言。<43>musician|n. |[C]sb.whoperformsorwritesmusic,esp.asajob|音乐家;ホ子III|Ellenisoneofourmosttalentedyoungmusicians.|埃伦是我们最有天赋的年青音乐家之〇<44>desperate|a.|1.needingorwantingsth.verymuch|极需要的;极向往的11 ||Theteamisdesperateforawin.|这个队极需要一场胜利。11 ||Hewasdesperatetogetajob.他非常想得到ー份工作。| 2.veryworriedandwillingtodoanythingtochangeabadsituation|绝望的;拼命的11I|Ihadnomoneyleftandwasdesperate.|我没有钱了,感到很绝望。11 ||Timewasrunningoutandweweregettingdesperate.|时间正在流失,我们正变得绝望。<45><em>desperately</em>|ad.|1.verymuch|非常11I|Shealwaysseemstobedesperatelybusy!|她看上去总是非常忙。11 ||l'mnotdesperatelykeenonwatchingfootball.|我并イく酷爱看足球。| 2.inaworriedorangryway|绝望地;拼命地11I|Thedoctorstrieddesperatelytosaveherlife.|医生拼命地要拯救她的生命。11 ||Helookedrounddesperatelyforsomeonetohelphim.他绝望地朝四周看了看,希望有人帮助他。<46>alas|ad.lunfortunatelyI不幸的是;遗憾的是11 ||Ilovefootballbut,alas,Ihavenotalentasaplayer.|我喜欢足球,可是,真遗憾,我没有足球队员的天赋。11 ||Formanypeople,alas,hungerispartofeverydaylife.|对许多人来说,很不幸，饥饿是日常生活的一部分。<TITLE>PhrasesandExpressions</TITLE><47>atbest|evenwhenconsideredinthemostpositiveway|充其量:至多| ||At