补充（现在完成时的被动语态）Cartoonsandcomicstrips-完整版课件

thePresentPerfectPassiveVoice

Unit7GrammarThePresentPerfectTenseSentencestructure:主语+have/hasdone现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,并持续到现在或者是过去的动作对现在的影响.经常用于现在完成时的时间状语:recently,uptonow,sincethen,sofar,already,just,yet等.ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceSentencestructure:subject+have/has+been+doneInwhatcasesdoweusethepassivevoice?1.不知道或没有必要说明的动作的执行者是谁。2.强调动作的承受者，而不是发出者。[肯定式]have/has＋been＋done[否定式]have/has＋not＋been+done[疑问式]

Have/Has＋主语＋been+done?

现在完成时的被动语态中发生的动作是对现在造成的影响与结果，强调与现在情况有联系。常与already,always,often,ever,never,yet,not...yet,just,since,for,now,today,thismonth,thisyear,thesefewdays

lately(近来,最近)recently(最近)sofar(迄今为止)uptonow(到目前为止)eversince(从那时到现在)等。readittogethertry注意:1.副词的位置

often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。

2.并不是所有动词都有被动语态

1)happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,takepartin,cost,last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：

[误]

GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinasince1978.[正]

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.2)open,break,drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：

[误]Thedoorhasbeenopenedofitself.[正]Thedoorhasopenedofitself.3.短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如：

TheSARSpatientshavebeentakengoodcareof.4.一些特殊动词,如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。如：Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.Howlonghasthisbookbeenbought?Howlongagowasthisbookbought?HowmanyHarryPorter

bookshasJ.K.Rowlingwritten?ShehaswrittensevenHarryPorterbooks.SevenHarryPorterbookshavebeenwrittenbyJ.K.Rowling.Thehouseshavebeendestroyedbythestorm.电影《画皮》是由陈嘉上最近导演的。PaintedSkinhasrecentlybeendirectedbyChenJiashang。1.JayChouhasputoutmanypopularsongs.ManysongshavebeenputoutbyJayChou.2.hisfans,Jay’snewsongs,by,accept,alreadyJay’snewsongshavealreadybeenacceptedbyhisfans.ShenzhouⅦ___________(sendup)on25,September.AndsixChineseastronauts_____________(send)intospacesofar.wassentuphavebeensentManyoldbuildings______________(pulldown)andnewfences____________(build)inShijiazhuang.havebeenpulleddownhavebeenbuiltFillintheblanksEmmons____tobethehappiestpersonalthoughhehasfailedmanytimes.consideredhasconsideredC.isconsideringD.hasbeenconsideredD1.WehavebeentaughtnevertoabandonorgiveupanythingbyXuSanduo.XuSanduohastaughtusnevertoabandonorgiveupanything.2.WangBaoqianghasbeenachievedagreatsuccess.(trueorfalse)Changethefollowingsentencesintoactiveorpassivevoice.1.LiuXianghaseverbrokentheworldrecord.TheworldrecordhaseverbeenbrokenbyLiuXiang.2.Thefloorhasbeencleanedbymymother.Mymotherhascleanedthefloor.3.YaoMinghasbeenpushedoverbyafatbasketballplayer.AfatbasketballplayerhaspushedYaoMingover.4.Ihaven’tcleanedtheroomforweeks.Theroomhasn’tbeencleanedbymeforweeks.5.Wehavebeeninvitedtotakepartinhiswedding.Hehasinvitedustotakepartinhiswedding.6.Myfatherhasgivenupsmokingsofar.Smokinghasbeengivenupsofar.7.Someonehasopenedmybag.Mybaghasbeenopenedbysomeone.8.Allthelettershavealreadybeensentbythepostmen.Thepostmenhavealreadysentalltheletters.Ⅰ改错1.Apersonalcomputerhasboughtbyus.Apersonalcomputerhasbeenboughtbyus.2.Manyproblemshasbeenfoundinmynewcomputer.Manyproblemshavebeenfoundinmynewcomputer.3.Ourcomputerjusthas

beenjoinedtotheinternet.Ourcomputerhasjustbeenjoinedtotheinternet.4.Thecomputerwasusedeverydaysinceweboughtit.Thecomputerhasbeenusedeverydaysinceweboughtit.

用被动语态改写下列句子。Theyhavefinishedtheconstructionofthenewrailwaylinesbynow.2.Wehavebuiltanewlibraryandagymnasiuminourschoolthisyear.Theconstructionofthenewrailwaylineshasbeenfinishedbythembynow.Anewlibraryandagymnasiumhavebeenbuiltinourschoolthisyearbyus.3.Thecarfactoryhasproducedagreatmanyfinecarssincethetechnologicalrevolution.Agreatmanyfinecarshavebeenproducedbythecarfactorysincethetechnologicalrevolution.4.Theyhavemadeaplantohelpthepoorchildreninthepoorarea.5.ThegovernmenthasspentalotofmoneyontheHopeProject.Aplanhasbeenmadebythemtohelpthepoorchildreninthepoorarea.AlotofmoneyhasbeenspentontheHopeProjectbythegovernment.脏衣服都已经洗了。(wash)Thedirtyclothes______________________.2.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。(study)____________________________bytheexpertsforthreetimes.3.这些年来,这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。(take)______________________________byGrandmaWangalltheseyears.4.工作一完成我们就立即动身。(finish)We’llstartassoonasthework________________________.Ⅱ补充完整下列句子：havebeenwashed.TheplanhasbeenstudiedThechildhasbeentakencareofhasbeenfinished.

Ⅲ.单项填空1．Hissisterlefthomein1998，and_______since.A．hadnotbeenheardofB．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardof

D．hasnotheardof解析：句意为：他姐姐1998年离家出走，从此杳无音信。是对现在造成的结果，且根据句中since可知本题需用（），同时根据Hissister与hearof之间可知需用（）。现在完成时被动语态2．Thoughwedon’tknowwhatwasdiscussed，yetwecanfeelthetopic________.A．hadchanged

B．willchangeC．waschanged

D．hasbeenchanged解析：句意为：虽然我们不知道讨论的内容，但我们能感觉到讨论的话题变了。Topic与change之间应用（），又根据时态要与don’tknow保持一致且有yet

应用（）被动语态现在完成时3．Everypossiblemeans________tosavethewoundedsoldieruptonow.A．wastried

B．weretriedC．havebeentried D．hasbeentried解析：由时间状语uptonow可知应用（）。另外，主语means与try之间为（）关系。means为单复数同形的单词，由其前的every可知此处作（）名词。故选D项。现在完成时被动单数4．Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They________welland________already.A．sell；havebeensoldoutB．sold；hadsoldout

C．sell；selloutD．aresold；havebeensoldout解析：第一空sell说明主语的性质，为不及物动词用法，应用（）语态；第二空根据副词already可知“已卖完了”；且sellout(售完)与dictionaries间为（）关系，故选A项。主动被动5．Anewschoollibrary________here.Itissaidthattheyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A．willbebuilt B．isbuiltC．hasbeenbuilt D．isbeingbuilt解析：由后一句“据说他们希望下一个月完工”可知目前图书馆正在建设中，故用（）且library与build为（）关系。进行时态被动6．Whenyougetthepaperback，payspecialatteniontowhat________.A．havemarked B．havebeenmarkedC．hadmarked D．hadbeenmarked解析：选B。根据前面的时态，此处应该使用（）且句意为“特别注意被标注的地方”可知用（）语态。现在完成时被动7．Theboys________manytimesnottoswiminthatlake，butitdoesn’tmakeanydifference.A．havetold B．toldC．havebeentold D．werebeingtold解析：选C。根据句意可知，theboys和tell之间是（）关系，故用被动语态；又根据but后面的分句可知，应用（），故答案选C项。被动现在完成时8．—Canwesitatthetablenearthewindow?—I’msorry，butit________already.A．wastaken B．tookC．hastaken D．hasbeentaken解析：选D。it代指thetable，和take之间是（）关系；又根据already和句意可知用（），故答案选D项。被动现在完成时9．I’veheardthatatalkonAmericanhistory_____inthemeetingroomnextFriday.A．isgiven B．hasbeengivenC．willbegiven D．gives解析：选C。根据句意，报告是在下星期五要做，故用（）。一般将来时态的被动语态10.IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI_______thecloth________well.A．havetold；washedB．havebeentold；washesC．havebeentold；washedD．wastold；washed解析：选B。根据句意“因为我被告知这种布很好洗”可知第一空用（）；第二空表示主语具有的属性“布好洗”，用（）表被动，故用washes。完成时的被动语态主动11．ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture，butwhenandwhere________yet.A．hasn’tbeendecided B．haven’tdecidedC．isn’tbeingdecided D．aren’tdecided解析：选A。句意为：詹姆斯教授要给我们做一个关于西方文化的讲座，但时间和地方还没有决定。由yet可知，本句应用（），又因时间和地点是被决定的，故应用（）语态。因此，正确答案为A。完成时被动12.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney­makingjobsthey________beforeleavingtheirhometowns.A．promised B．werepromisedC．havepromised D．havebeenpromised解析：选D。句意为：每年大量农民工涌入深圳，去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺挣钱的工作。此处农民工是“被许诺工作”，需要（）语态，且是“已经被许诺”，故选D。被动13．Greatchanges________inourprovince.Manytallbuildings________.A．hadbeentakenplace；havebeensetupB．havetakenplace；havebeensetupC．havebeentakenplace；havebeensetupD．weretakenplace；weresetup解析：选B。takeplace是不及物动词短语，（）语态；buildings与setup是（）关系，故用被动语态。没有被动被动14．—IsthemeetingheldinRoom302or303?—Itshouldbe302.ButIhearthatit_____tomorrow.A．wasputoff B．willputoffC．hasbeenp