2008年英语专业四级考试真题(Word版)

QUESTIONBOOKLETTESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2008)-GRADEFOURTIMELIMIT:135MINPARTIDICTATION[15MIN]Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[120MIN]InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLYListencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyouranswersheet.SECTIONACONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions1to3arebasedonthe.followingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentotheconversation.WhenisAnneavailableforthemeeting?ThethirdweekofMay.ThethirdweekofJune.TheeleventhofJune.TheeleventhofMay.TheirmeetingwillprobablytakeplaceinLondon.Toronto.MexicoCity.Chicago.WhenisEriccallingback?Thursdayafternoon.Fridayafternoon.Thursdaymorning.Fridaymorning.Questions4to6arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.Accordingtothewoman,advertisementsletusknowthebestproduct.giveussufficientinformation.failtoconvincepeople.givemisleadinginformation.Inthewoman'sopinion,moneyspentonadvertisementsispaidbymanufacturers.bycustomers.byadvertisers.byallofthem.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?.Thewomanseemstobenegativeaboutadvertising.Thewomanappearstoknowmoreaboutadvertising.Themanistobepresentatadebateonadvertising.Themanhasalottotalkaboutonadvertising.Questions7to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.MrBrownbroughtwithhimonlyafewthingsbecausetherewasn'tenoughspaceinthecupboard.thehospitalwouldprovidehimwitheverything.hewastostaythereforaveryshorttime.visitorscouldbringhimotherthings.Accordingtothehospitalrules,atwhichofthefollowinghourscanvisitorsseepatients?2:00pm.5:00pm.7:00pm.6:00pm.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?Patientshavebreakfastat8.Patientshavelunchat12.Therearespecialalcohollounges.Therearespecialsmokinglounges.WhichstatementbestdescribesMrBrown?Heknowslittleabouthospitalrules.Hecankeepalcoholintheward.Heknowswhentosmoke.Heisusedtohospitallife.SECTIONBPASSAGESInthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.Mrmaltalks.differentpurposes.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageaspartofhotelfacilitiesforguests?Restaurants.B.Cinemas.C.Swimmingpools.D.Bars.AhotelforaninternationalconferenceshouldhavethefollowingEXCEPTpetentofficesecretaries.goodsportsandrestaurantfacilities.suitableandcomfortablerooms.Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.Themuseumaimsmainlytodisplaythearea'stechnologicaldevelopment.thenation'simportanthistoricalevents.thearea'sagriculturalandindustrialdevelopment.D.thenation'sagriculturalandindustrialdevelopment.Thefollowinghavebeensignificantinthearea'sprosperityEXCEPTthemotorways.B.theRomanroad.C.thecanals.D.therailways.Weknowfromthepassagethatsomeexhibitsareborrowedfromworkshops.arespeciallymadefordisplay.reflectthelocalcultureandcustoms.trytoreproducethesceneatthattime.Thepassageprobablycomesfromaconversationonthemuseum.amuseumtourguide.amuseumbooklet.amuseumadvertisement.Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.Accordingtothespeaker,safetyindormitorymeansthatyouinsureallyourexpensivethings.lockdoorswhengoingout.lockwindowsatnight.takeallnecessaryprecautions.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestgirlsdowhentheyaregoingtobeoutlate?Calltheirfriends.Staywiththeirfriends.Avoidwalkinginstreets.D.Alwaystakeataxi.Whatisthespeaker'slastadvice?Totakeafewself-defenseclasses.Tosticktowell-litstreetsatnight.Toavoidwalkingaloneatnight.Tostaywiththeirfriends.SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothemcarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions21and22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now.listentothenews.WhathappenedduringtheNewYearcelebrationinThailand?TerroristsfoughtwithGovernmenttroops.Thaitroopskilledterrorists.Therewereshootings.Therewereexplosions.WhathasledtotheviolentsituationinthesouthofThailand?TheMuslimswantedindependence.Thaitroopshavebeensentthere.About2000peoplehavebeenkilled.Therehavebeenmorebombingssince2004.Questions23and24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.Underthenationaloillaw,theIraqigovernmentwillgivemoreoilrevenuestoonlyafewprovinces.willletprovincesdistributetheiroilrevenues.willdistributeoilrevenuesaccordingtopopulationsize.willdistributeoilrevenuesaccordingtosecurityneeds.Theconstructionpackageismeanttohelpbuildmorehouses.helpimprovethecountry'seconomy.helpmorechildrentogotoschool.helpmoreyoungpeopletogeteducation.Questions25and26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.Thejointcommitteewillpromoteco-operationbetweenEgyptandSpaininallthefollowingareasEXCEPTeducation.B.industry.C.investment.D.technology.Whatisthisnewsitemmainlyabout?Theestablishmentofajointcommittee.ThetraderelationsbetweenEgyptandSpain.ThefuturetradevolumebetweenEgyptandSpain.Theestablishmentofajointbusinesscouncil.Question27isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.Accordingtothenews,Japaneseteenagewomenarelessviolentthanmen.arelessviolentthanbefore.aremoreviolentthanbefore.aremoreviolentthanmen.Question28isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven5secondstoanswerthequestion.Now,listentothenews.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaccordingtothenews?Zimbabweansstayedawayfromvoting.Zimbabweanswereenthusiasticaboutvoting.OnlyafewZimbabweansturneduptovote.ZimbabweansbelievedthatMugabewouldwin.Questions29and30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.Thenewsmentionedreason(s)fortheactiontakenbyIndiantelecomworkers.1B.2C.3D.4Accordingtothenews,whoamongthefollowingwereNOTaffectedbytelecomworkers'action?A.Banks.B.Bigcompanies.C.Long-distancecallers.D.Governmentofficials.PARTIIICLOZE[15MIN]Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedintheeorrespondingblanks.Markthebestchoiceforeachblankonyouranswersheet.Salt,shellsormetalsarestillusedasmoneyinout-of-the-waypartsoftheworldtoday.Saltmayseemratherastrange(31)touseasmoney,(32)incountrieswherethefoodofthepeopleismainlyvegetable,itisoftenan(33)necessity.Cakesofsalt,stampedtoshowtheir(34),wereusedasmoneyinsomecountriesuntilrecent(35),andcakesofsalt(36)buygoodsinBorneoandpartsofAfrica.Seashells(37)asmoneyatsometime(38)anotheroverthegreaterpartoftheOldWorld.Thesewere(39)___mainlyfromthebeachesoftheMaldivesIslandsintheIndianOcean,andweretradedtoIndiaandChina.InAfrica,shellsweretradedrightacrossthe(40)___fromEasttoWest.Metal,valuedbyweight,(41)coinsinmanypartsoftheworld.Iron,inlumps,barsorrings,isstillusedinmanycountries(42)papermoney.Itcaneitherbeexchanged(43)goods,ormadeintotools,weapons,orornaments.TheearlymoneyofChina,apartfromshells,wasofbronze,(44)inflat,roundpieceswithaholeinthemiddle,called"cash".The(45)ofthesearebetweenthreethousandandfourthousandyearsold-olderthantheearliestcoinsoftheeasternMediterranean.Nowadays,coinsandnoteshave(46)nearlyallthemorepicturesque(47)ofmoney,and(48)inoneortwoofthemoreremotecountriespeoplestillkeepitforfutureuseonceremonial(49)suchasweddingsandfunerals,examplesof(50)moneywillsoonbefoundonlyinmuseums.A.objectB.articleC.substanceD.categoryA.butB.andC.soD.evenA.abstractB.advantageousC.abundantD.absoluteA.weightB.valueC.roleD.sizeA.timesB.eventsC.situationsD.conditionsA.evenB.alsoC.stillD.neverA.hadbeenusedB.areusedC.wouldbeusedD.wouldhavebeenusedA.andB.butC.yetD.orA.collectedB.producedC.grownD.raisedA.cityB.districtC.communibD.continentA.processedB.producedC.precededD.proceededA.inspiteofB.insteadofC.alongwithD.inlinewithA.againstB.asC.inD.forA.oftenB.seldomC.reallyD.muchA.earlierB.earliestC.betterD.bestA.replacedB.reproducedC.reflectedD.recoveredA.sizesB.shapesC.formatsD.formsA.whileB.althoughC.becauseD.ifA.eventsB.gatheringsC.occasionsD.assembliesA.originalB.primitiveC.historicalD.crudePARTIVGRAMMAR&VOCABULARY[15MIN]Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasemarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Ourassociation,whichhasconsistentlypressedforgreateremploymentopportunitiesfortNdisabled,willpublishproposalsinthenearfuture.theirB.ourC.hisD.itsHadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,shemuchbetterresultsnow.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegotC.mustgetD.wouldgetNineistothreethreeistoone.whenB.thatC.whichD.whatMendifferfromanimalstheycanthinkandspeak.forwhichB.forthatC.inthatD.inwhichhewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.ThoughmuchIenjoyedmyselfsomuchIvisitedmyfriendsinParislastyear.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.whereWhichofthefollowingisINCORRECT?A.Allhislectureswereboring.C.Herfewfriendsareallfondofdancing.Halfhismoneywasgone.D.Heinvitedmanyhisfriendstotheparty.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatbook,don'tforgettoputitbackonmydesk,?A.doyouB.don'tyouC.willyouD.won'tyouWhatdoes"Hewiselyrefusedtospendhismoney"mean?A.Itwaswiseofhimtorefusetospendhismoney.Herefusedtospendhismoneyinawisemanner.Hewasshortofmoneyanddidn'twanttobuyanything.Herefused,inawisemanner,tospendhismoney.Theystoodchattingtogetheraseasilyandnaturallyas.A.itcouldbeB.couldbeC.itwasD.wasThefollowingareallcorrectresponsesto"Whotoldthenewstotheteacher?"EXCEPTA.Jimdidthis.B.Jimdidso.C.Jimdidthat.D.Jimdid.Qualityiscountsmost.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whereInhisplaysShakespearehischaracterslivethroughtheirlanguage.A.wouldmakeB.hadmadeC.madeD.makesThesquareitselfisfivehundredyardswide,fivetimesthesizeofSt.Peter'sinRome.A./B.thatofC.whichisD.ofWhichofthefollowingsentencesexpresses"probability"?Youmustleaveimmediately.Youmustbefeelingrathertired.Youmustbeherebyeighto'clock.Youmustcompletethereadingassignmentontime.Whenhefirststartedinuniversity,hereallyfeltatwithhismajor---economics.shoreB.bankC.oceanD.seaOntheroadmotoristsshouldbeawareofcyclistsandbetowardsthem.considerableB.consideringC.considerateD.consideredSallywasabitshy,buttheteacherfoundherquitediscussingarecentfilmwithothers.A.athomeB.atmostC.athouseD.atbeanThecompanyhascapitalizedtheerrorofjudgmentmadebyitsbusinesscompetitor.A.inB.overC.withD.onTimhasfailedthreecoursesthissemester,sohewillhavetothemnextsemester.A.remakeB.repeatC.reapplyD.reviseKeepthisreferencebook;itmaycomeinoneday.A.handyB.usefulC.convenientD.helpfulThequestionsthatthespeakerraisedwerewelltheaverageadult.A.pastB.onC.beyondD.throughTeachersinthisschoolwereencouragedtousedramaasa(n)oflearning.A.designB.instrumentC.agencyD.toolFirst,weneedtofindoutwhathisschemeis,andthenact.A.sensitivelyB.imaginativelyC.efficientlyD.accordinglyAtfirstJimwasnotquiteclearwhathewasgoingtodoafteruniversity,butnowheseemsonbecomingacomputerprogrammer.A.fitB.setC.disposedD.decidedWheninvitedtotalkabouthisachievements+herefusedtoblowhisownanddeclinedtospeakatthemeeting.A.trumpetB.whistleC.bugleD.fluteInspiteofthetreatment,thepaininhisleggrewinA.gravityB.extentC.intensityD.amountBusservicesbetweenTownCentreandNewtonHousingEstatewillbeuntilthemotorwayisrepaired.A.discontinuedB.suspendedC.haltedD.ceasedThemoon,beingmuchnearertotheEarththantheSun,isthecauseofthetides.principalB.basicC.initialD.elementaryTeddycametomywithachequeof$200topaymyroomrate,afterIphonedhimthatmywallethadbeenstolen.attendanceB.assistanceC.rescueD.safetyPARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.Markyouranswersonyouranswersheet.TEXTAWhenthesunisupinAmsterdam,thelargestcityintheNetherlandssitsquietlyontheAmstelRiver.Youcanrentabicycle,visittheVanGoghorAnneFrankmuseum,ortakeawatertaxi.Butwhenthesungoesdown,thepartyingbegins.Inthebigclubsandincoffeeshops,touristsgathertohangout,talkpoliticsandsmoke.SeveralareasofthecityclearlyshowthetwoworldsthatruleAmsterdam.Andthey'reallwithinashortcabrideofeachother.Forexample,DamSquareattractsdaytimesightseerstoitsfestivals,openmarkets,concertsandotherevents.Severalbeautifulandverypopularhotelscanbefoundthere.AndthereistheRoyalPalaceandtheMagnaPlazashoppingmall.ButaseveningdescendsonDamSquaresodotheparty-seekers.HippoporfunkmusicbeginsblaringfromClubParadisoandClubMelkweg.ThesearetwoofthemostpopularclubsinEurope.Soifyoucome,bereadytodance.Theclubsdon'tshutdownuntil4am.Andwhileyouarethere,checkoutthevariousinexpensivewaystotourthecity.Don'tworryaboutgettinglost.AlthoughDutchistheofficiallanguage,mostpeopleinAmsterdamspeakEnglishandarehappytohelpyouwithdirections.Andyou'llnoticethathalfthepeopleinthestreetsareonbicycles.TheyrentforUS$17to$20forawholeday.Amsterdamalsohasagoodcanalsystem.FromanywherebetweenU852and$9.50,youcanusethecanalbusorawatertaxitocruisethe"VeniceoftheNorth".Youcantakeinthepicturesquecanalhousearchitecture:Therowsofneat,narrowfour-storydwellingsofbrownstonewithlargewindowsarewellworthseeing.Manyofthemareseveralcenturiesold.YoumightalsowanttojumpoutofthecanalbusattheMuseumQuarterandstartwalking.MasterpiecesbyDutchartistssuchasRembrandt,Bruegel,VanGoghandothersareondisplayattheVanGoghMuseum,RembrandtHouseandothers.Thecityhasanappreciationofitshistoricpast.OneplacetovisitistheAnneFrankHouseinNineStreets.ItwastherethattheyoungJewishgirlwroteherfamousdiaryduringWorldWarII.VisitorscanviewAnne'soriginaldiaryandclimbbehindthebookcasetotheroomwheresheandherfamilyhidfromtheNazisfortwoyears.Atthebeginningofthepassage,theauthorindicatesthatAmsterdamisgenerallyknownasaquietcity.partiesgoonalldaylonginAmsterdam,Amsterdampresentstwodifferentpictures.Amsterdamattractsmanydaytimevisitors.WhichtouristattractioniscitedforelaborationinParagraphsFourandFive?RoyalPalace.DamSquare.ClubParadiso.MagnaPlaza.Accordingtothepassage,thelocalpeoplehaveallthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPTtheyarepartygoers.theyshowhospitality.theycanspeakEnglish.theyarefondofcycling.WhichofthefollowingadjectivescanbestdescribeAmsterdamasatouristcity?Modern.B.Delightful.Quiet.D.Historic.TEXTBInanarticlesomeChinesescholarsaredescribedasbeing"tantalizedbythemysteriousdragonbonehieroglyphics."TantalizedisoneofmanyEnglishwordsthathavetheiroriginsinmythsandlegendsofthepast(inthiscase,GreekandRomanones).Themeaningoftheverbtantalizeisaveryparticularone:"topromiseorshowsomethingdesirabletoapersonandthentakeitaway;toteasebyarousinghope."Many(butnotall)Englishdictionariesgiveyouabriefindicationofaword'soriginsinbracketsbeforeoraftertheexplanationofthemeaning.Fortantalizethefollowingexplanationisgiven:[>Tantalus].ThismeansthatyoushouldlookupthenameTantalustofindouttheword'sorigins,andifyoudo,youwillfindoutthatinGreekmythology,Tantaluswasakingwhowaspunishedinthelowerworldwitheternalhungerandthirst;hewasputuptohischininwaterthatalwaysmovedawaywhenhetriedtodrinkitandwithfruitonbranchesabovehimplacedjustalittlebitoutofhisreach.Canyouseewhyhisnamewaschangedintoaverbmeaning"toteaseortormentbyarousingdesire"?Anotherexampleisthewordsiren,familiartousasthemechanicaldevicethatmakessuchanalarmingsoundwhenpolicecars,ambulances,orfireenginesapproach.ThiswordalsohasitsoriginsinGreekmythology.ThetravelerOdysseus(UlyssestotheRomans)madehismenplugtheirearssothattheywouldn'thearthedangerousvoicesofthesirens,creatureswhowerehalfbirdandhalfwomanandwholuredsailorstotheirdeathsonsharprocks.Sothewordcametobeassociatedbothwithaloudsoundandwithdanger!Whensomeonespeaksofa"jovialmood"ora"herculeaneffort,"heorsheisusingwordswithoriginsinmythology.Lookthesewordsuptofindtheirmeaningandrelationshiptomyths.Manycommonwords,suchasthenamesforthedaysoftheweekandthemonthsoftheyear,alsocomefrommythology.WednesdayderivesfromtheancientNorsekingofthegods,Woden,andThursdaywasoriginallyThor'sday,inhonourofThor,thegodofthunder.Asamatteroffact,alltheplanets,excepttheoneweliveon,bearnamesthatcomefromRomanmythology,includingtheplanetthatisfarthestawayfromthesunandforthatreasonwascalledaftertheRomangodofthedead.Thisgodhasalsogivenhisnametooneofthechemicalelements.Severalotherelementshavenamesthatcomefrommythology,too.ItseemsthatmythsandlegendsliveonintheEnglishlanguage.ThepurposeofthefirstsentenceinParagraphOneis.A.todescribetheworkofsomeChinesescholars.toarousereaders'interestinhieroglyphics.toleadreadersontothemaintheme.tolinktheprecedingparttothepresentone.Welearnfromthepassage,allEnglishdictionariesinclude.A.legends.B.mythology.C.wordorigins.D.worddefinitions.Theexampleoftantalizeistoshow.A.howthewordcameintoexistence.howTantaluswaspunishedinthelowerworld.howallEnglishdictionariesshowwordorigins.howthemeaningofthewordchangedovertheyears.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingdoesNOThaveoriginsinmythsorlegends?A.Jovial.B.Wednesday.C.Earth.D.March.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A.GreekandRomanMythologyinLanguage.MythologicalOriginsofEnglishWords.HistoricalChangesinWordMeanings.MythologyandCommonWords.TEXTCMyheartsankwhenthemanattheimmigrationcountergesturedtothebackroom.l'manAmericanbornandraised,andthiswasMiami,whereIlive,buttheyweren'tquitereadytoletmeinyet."Pleasewaitinhere,MsAbujaber,"theimmigrationofficersaid.Myhusband,withhisveryAmericanlastname,accompaniedme.Hewasgettingusedtothis.ThesamethinghadhappenedrecentlyinCanadawhenI'dflowntoMontrealtospeakatabookevent.Thattimetheyheldmefor45minutes.TodaywewerereturningfromaliteraryfestivalinJamaica,andIwasstartledthatIwasbeingsent"inback"onceagain.Theofficerbehindthecountercalledmeupandsaid,"Miss,yournamelookslikethenameofsomeonewho'sonourwantedlist.We'regoingtohavetocheckyououtwithWashington.""Howlongwillittake?""Hardtosay...afewminutes,"hesaid."We'llcallyouwhenwe'rereadyforyou."Afteranhour,Washingtonstillhadn'tdecidedanythingaboutme."Isn'tthiscomputerized?"Iaskedatthecounter."Can'tyoujustlookmeup?"Justafewmoreminutes,theyassuredme.Afteranhourandahalf,IpulledmycellphoneouttocallthefriendsIwassupposedtomeetthatevening.Anofficerrushedover."Nophones!"hesaid."Forallweknowyoucouldbecallingaterroristcellandgivingtheminformation.""I'mjustauniversityprofessor,"Isaid.Myvoicecameoutinasqueak."Ofcourseyouare.Andwetakepeoplelikeyououtofhereinlegironseveryday."Iputmyphoneaway.Myhusbandand1weregettinghungryandtired.Wholefamilieshadbeenbroughtintothewaitingroom,andtheplacewaspackedwithexcitablechildren,exhaustedparents,evenaflightattendant.Iwantedtoscream,tojumponachairandshout:"I'manAmericancitizen;anovelist;lprobablyteachEnglishliteraturetoyourchildren."Orwouldthatallbecountedagainstme?Aftertwohoursindetention,Iwasapproachedbyoneoftheofficers."You'refreetogo,"hesaid.Noexplanationorapologies.Foramoment,neitherofusmoved,wewerestillinshock.Thenweleapedtoourfeet."Oh,onemorething."Hehandedmeatatteredphotocopywithanaddressonit."Ifyouweren'thappywithyourtreatment,youcanwritetothisagency.""Willtheyrespond?"Iasked."Idon'tknow---Idon'tknowofanyonewho'severwrittentothembefore."Thenheadded,"Bytheway,thiswillprobablykeephappeningeachtimeyoutravelinternationally.""WhatcanIdotokeepitfromhappeningagain?"Hesmiledtheemptysmilewe'dseenallday."Absolutelynothing."Aftertellingseveralfriendsaboutourordeal,probablythemostfrequentadviceI'veheardinresponseistochangemyname.Twentyyearsago,myowngraduateschoolwritingprofessoradvisedmetowriteunderapennamesothatpublisherswouldn'tstickmeinwhathecalled"theethnicghetto"---aseparate,secondaryshelfinthebookstore.Butanameisanintegralpartofanyone'spersonalandprofessionalidentity-justlikethetownyou'reborninandtheplacewhereyou'reraised.Likemyfather,I'llkeepthename,butmyairportexperiencehasgivenmeawholenewperspectiveonwhatdiversityandtolerancearesupposedtomean.IhadnoideathatbeinganAmericanwouldeverbethishard.Theauthorwasheldattheairportbecause.A.sheandherhusbandreturnedfromJamaica.hernamewassimilartoaterrorist's.shehadbeenheldinMontreal.shehadspokenatabookevent.Shewasnotallowedtocallherfriendsbecause.A.heridentityhadn'tbeenconfirmedyet.shehadbeenheldforonlyonehourandahalf.therewereotherfamiliesinthewaitingroom.shecouldn'tuseherowncellphone.Welearnfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldtopreventsimilarexperiencefromhappeningagain.A.writetotheagencyB.changehernameC.avoidtravelingabroadD.donothingHerexperiencesindicatethattherestillexistsintheUS.A.hatredB.discriminationC.toleranceD.diversityTheauthorsoundsinthelastparagraph.A.impatientbitterworriedironicTEXTDPublicspeakingfillsmostpeoplewithdread.Humiliationisthegreatestfear;self-exposureandfailingtoappealtotheaudiencecomeaclosesecond.Womenhateitmost,sincegirlsarepressurizedfromanearlyagetobeconcernedwithappearancesofallkinds.Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.Ifyouwereunderpressuretobeperfect,youareterrifiedoffallinginthemostpublicofways.Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.WhenImettheBritishcomedianJulianClary,hewasshyandcautious,yethisTVperformancesareperfect.Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.Whilepoliticiansmaylimitdamagebyhavingcarefullyrehearsed,writtenscriptstospeakfrom,thereisalwaysahiddenawarenessamongtheaudiencethatthewordsmightnotbetrue.Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou'vebeencheated.Although,asEarlSpencerprovedathissisterPrincessDiana'sfuneral,itispossiblebothtoprepareeverywordandtoactnaturally.Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.But,beingyourselfdoesn'tworkeither.Ifyouspokeasifyouwereinyourownkitchen,itwouldbetooauthentic,toounawareoftheneedtocommunicatewithanaudience.IremembergoingtoseeBritishpsychiatristR.D.Laingspeakinpublic.Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.Studiessuggestthatthisstateof"flow",aspsychologistscallit,isverysatisfying.Womenhatepublicspeakingmostmainlybecauseof.A.theirupbringingveryearlyon.theirinabilitytoappealtotheaudience.theirsenseofgreaterpublicpressure.theirsenseofgreaterhumiliation."this"inParagraphTworeferstoA.insecurity.senseoffailure.publicspeaking.pressure.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor'sviewpoint?A.Actinglikeperformersspoilsthemessageinaspeech.Perfectionofscriptsisnecessaryinmakinggoodimpressio