高中英语语法被动语态详解宣讲市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

被动语态PassiveVoice第1页WarmingupLoveToBeLovedByYou是一首旋律优美英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克·特伦茨（MarcTerenzi）。，Marc与德国歌手莎拉·寇娜（SarahConnor）结婚时，将这首歌作为爱礼品献给妻子。第2页Task1FilltheblankbythesongBaby,tellmehowcanItellyou

ThatIyoumorethanlife

ShowmehowcanIshowyou

ThatI’mbyyourlight

WhenyoutouchmeIcantouchyou

Tofindoutthedreamistrue

Itobeloved

Ineedtobe

Itobebyyou

loveblindedlovelovedloveloved第3页

Summary:主动or被动？

主动被动ThatIloveyoumorethanlifeThatI’mblindedbyyourlightIlovetobelovedIneedtobelovedIlovetobelovedbyyou

第4页(一)语态分类(六)总结：被动语态时态、人称和数改变(四)常见八种时态中被动语态(五)

含有情态动词被动语态：(二)被动语态使用(三)主动语态变被动语态方法第5页(一)语态分类

英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作承受者。如：

Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)汉语中惯用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：

be+及物动词过去分词组成。第6页被动语态时态、人称和数改变

主要表达在be改变上，其形式与系动词be改变形式完全一样。普通现在时： 普通过去时： 普通未来时：

现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 过去完成时：

am/is/are+donewas/were+done

shall/will+bedone

am/is/are+being+done

was/were+being+done

have/has+been+done

had+been+done

第7页常见八种时态中被动语态1.普通现在时：(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.第8页❶.Ifhe___enoughtime,hewillcomeupwithanidea.A.givesB.willgiveC.isgivenD.willbegiven❷.Anewfilmisgoingto___thisSunday.A.showB.showingC.beshownD.beshowing第9页summary主动语态

S（主语）+v(动词)S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词(done)普通现在时(simplepresent)：第10页Task3GroupWork1普通过去时：普通未来时:情态动词:?S+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+can/may/must/shoud+be+done第11页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态

2.普通过去时：(1)Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth.

Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.(2)Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.

Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten.第12页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态3.普通未来时：

(1)Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.

Carswillbesentabroadbysea.(2)Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.

Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.第13页

❻.Ipromisethatthematterwill______.(NMET)A.betadencareB.betakencareofC.takecareD.takecareof析：takecareof…是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为B。

第14页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态4.过去未来时：(1)Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.

Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.

(2)Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.

Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.第15页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态5.现在进行时：

(1)TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.

Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.

Theroomsarebeingpainted.第16页❼.—Haveyougottheresultofthelastexamination?

—Notyet.We’vebeentoldthatthepapers________.

A.aremarkedB.arebeingmarked

C.havebeenmarkedD.weremarked此题答案应为B。第17页❽.Wecan’tusethebridgenow,becauseit____.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired

第18页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态6.过去进行时：

(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroad.

Theroadwasbeingmended.

(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

第19页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态7.现在完成时：

(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.

Hisbookhasbeenbrought

here.第20页(三)常见八种时态中被动语态8.过去完成时：(1)WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.

WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.

(2)Thewholecountrywasverysadatthenewsofhisdeath;Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader.第21页Alotofnewroads___builtinthewestofChina.A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have⑪.Hiscar___tomorrow.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired第22页(四）含有情态动词被动语态：含有情态动词被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词过去分词”组成。(1)Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.

Yourcompositionsmustbehandedinafterclass.(2)Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.

Agreatmanyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.第23页Askandanswer

watereverydayathomemygrandmaA:When

aretheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredeveryday.A:Wherearetheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredathome.A:Whoaretheflowerswateredby?B:Theflowersarewateredbymygrandma.A:Aretheflowerswateredbymygrandmaathomeeveryday?B:yes,theyare.A:When

aretheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredeveryday.A:Wherearetheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredathome.A:Whoaretheflowerswateredby?B:Theflowersarewateredbymygrandma.A:When

aretheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredeveryday.A:Wherearetheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredathome.A:Aretheflowerswateredbymygrandmaathomeeveryday?B:yes,theyare.A:Whoaretheflowerswateredby?B:Theflowersarewateredbymygrandma.A:When

aretheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredeveryday.A:Wherearetheflowerswatered?B:Theflowersarewateredathome.WhenWhereWho第24页sweeponweekendsinthekitchenmymotherWhenwherewho第25页(五)主动语态变被动语态方法I

bought

acomputerlastterm．Acomputer

wasbought(byme)lastterm.宾(受动者)主谓Acomputer

wasbought(byme)lastterm.Task4第26页2.谓语动词主动形式表示被动意义:1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，惯用其主动形式表示被动意义,主语通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主动语态表被动强调是主语特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成影响。翻译句子：1.这件外套轻易干。2.尼龙（Nylon）轻易清洗洁净。3.这项计划进展地很好。Thiscoatdrieseasily.Nyloncleanseasily.Theplanworksoutwonderfully.第27页2.表示“发生、进行”不及物动词和短语，如：begin,finish,start,open,close,happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout(不能用于被动语态)等以主动形式表示被动意义。例Howdothenewspaperscomeout?

Chinaisadevelopingcountry,

(belong)totheThirdWorld.belonging1.Theshop

(close)at6p.m.everyday.2.Work

(begin)at7o'clockthismorning.3.Ourdreamsfinally

(come)true.

closesbeganwillcome第28页3.非谓语动词主动形式表被动意义在一些句型中可用动名词和不定式主动形式表被动意义1.在need，want，require,bear,deserve等词后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式被动形式。

2．形容词worth后面跟动名词主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式被动形式。Thehouseneedsrepairing(toberepaired)．.翻译句子：这所房子需要被修理。翻译句子：这本画书很值得读。Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．.beworthyofbeingread．.beworthytoberead第29页语态转换时所注意问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词数要与新主语保持一致。

Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正确)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(错误)

2.含有双宾语主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，普通变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday.Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday.

假如把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当介词，如上句还能够说：

Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday.保留宾语×第30页注意：1.普通在以下动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词

to，如：

bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,promise,sell,show,take,teach,tell

等。(1)Thebookwasshowedtotheclass.(2)Mybikewaslenttoher.

2.普通在以下动词后，间接宾语前用介词

for,如：

build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,play,sing

等。(1)Anewskirtwasmadeforme.(2)Themeatwascookedforus.(3)Somecountrymusicwasplayedforus.

第31页3.当主动句主语是nobody,noone等含有否定意义不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody,作by宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定被动语态。如：

Nobodycananswerthisquestion.

误：Thequestioncanbeansweredbynobody.

正：Thequestioncannotbeansweredbyanybody.

×第32页6.并不是全部动词都有被动语态

1)happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：[误]

GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinasince1978.[正]

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.第33页2)open,break,drop等不强调动作发出者时惯用主动语态。如：

[误]Thedoorhasbeenopenedofitself.[正]Thedoorhasopenedofitself.8.短语动词不可分割或省略其中介词或副词。如：

TheSARSpatientshavebeentakengoodcareof.第34页9.一些特殊动词,如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等组成现在完成时被动语态不能与表示一段时间状语连用。若要表示对应意思，则需改换动词或时态。如：第35页Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.Howlonghasthisbookbeenbought?Howlongagowasthisbookbought?第36页

Lead-in1.Visitors____________(request)nottotouchtheexhibits(展览品).2.I__________(give)tenminutestoreadthebooklastweekend.3.Allthepreparationsforthetask_______________(complete),andwe'rereadytostart.4.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_________________(complete)inBeijing.5.Anewcinema___________(build)herenow.6.Ameeting______________(hold)when