直接引语-间接引语3课件

Module3TheViolenceofNatureGrammarIndirectSpeech课头练习内容单项填空1.Tomtoldhisteacherthathe＿＿＿bornin1980.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen【解析】选A。出生是客观事实，变为间接引语时时态不变。故选A。2.Thechildaskedhismother＿＿＿＿goouttoplaytennis.

A.thathecouldB.ifhecouldC.ifcouldheD.thatcouldbe【解析】选B。直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常用if或whether来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。4.MikesaidhewouldcomebacktoChina＿＿＿＿.A.tomorrowB.nextdayC.thenextdayD.thedaybefore【解析】选C。直接引语变间接引语时tomorrow要改为thenextday,yesterday要变成thedaybefore;由would可判断答案为C。5.Mycousintoldmethatshe＿＿＿fortheUnitedStatestheweek＿＿＿＿.［2011临沂高一检测］A.hasleft;agoB.hadleft;ago C.left;agoD.hadleft;before【解析】选D。间接引语中应用before而不用ago，由此可排除A、B、C三项。由于“leave”发生在“told”之前故应用过去完成时。考点【规律方法】祈使句变化口诀——一改，二变，三加，四去祈使句变成间接引语时，根据说话人的语气分别用beg,tell,ask,order等作谓语，将原来的祈使句改为动词不定式。一改：said(to)改为asked或told,ordered等。二变：saidto的宾语或称呼语变为asked等的宾语。三加：即在动词原形前加to，使成为动词不定式。四去：去掉please。当祈使句作直接引语表示要求和命令时，变间接引语时常采用tell/order/commandsb.todosth.的形式。若原句中没有称呼语，通常可加上me,him,us等宾语。若直接引语中祈使句是否定形式,变间接引语时,不定式符号to前要加not或never。1.当祈使句作直接引语表示请求时，变间接引语时常采用request/beg/asksb.todosth.的形式。2.有些疑问句并非提出询问，而是表示请求或祈求，这种问句变间接引语时和一般祈使句一样，也常采用ask/beg/requestsb.todosth.结构。①她说：“不要在这儿等了!”(用直接引语翻译)“Don’twaithereanylonger,”shesaid.

②“Pleasedon’tbelateagain,”hesaid.→Heaskedmenottobelateagain.③“Wouldyou(please)helpmewithmyEnglish?”hebegged.→HebeggedmetohelphimwithhisEnglish.④Theteachersaid,“Willyoupleasenotsmokehere?”→Theteacherrequestedmenottosmokethere.⑤Heasked,“Canyougivemealift?”→Heaskedmetogivehimalift.⑥Ifanyonecomes,tellthemI’millandaskthem＿＿＿anotherday.A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.visit【解析】选B。根据asksb.todosth.可确定选B。句意：如果有人来，告诉他们我病了，请他们改天再来。表建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变间接引语时，可以用suggest,insist,offer等动词加以转述。转述间接引语时要注意suggest,insist,offer,advise等动词的固定搭配和习惯用法。如suggestdoing。但如果后面接that从句时，从句谓语就要考虑用虚拟语气，用should+动词原形，且should可省略。①Hesaid,“Let’sgotothemuseum.”→Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothemuseum.②Davidsaid,“letmedoitforyou.”→Davidofferedtodoitforme.直接引语是感叹句，变为间接引语时，间接引语可以用what或how引导，也可以用that引导作宾语从句。表祝愿的感叹句转述要根据原句的意思采用合适的动词变为陈述句式。(1)她说：“天气是多么的好啊！”①Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”（用直接引语翻译）②Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.（用间接引语翻译）③Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.（用宾语从句翻译）(2)“MerryChristmas!”hesaidtome.（变为间接引语）→HewishedmeaMerryChristmas.

2.直接引语属于下列情况时时态不变：（1）直接引语是客观真理。（2）直接引语是过去进行时。（3）直接引语中有具体的过去某年、月、日作状语。（4）直接引语用一般现在时表示一种习惯性的动作。（5）直接引语为过去完成时。直接引语变为间接引语时用陈述句语序，只有what’swrong/what’sthematter语序不变。③Theteachertoldmetheearthmovedaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.答案：moved改为moves④Mr.WangsaidhehadbeenbornonApril21,1979.答案：hadbeen改为was⑤Thedoctoraskedmewhatthematterwaswithme.答案：把was放于what与thematter之间⑥Hesaidthathisbike＿＿＿stolenandhe＿＿＿telephonethepolice.A.is;wouldhavetoB.has;willhavetoC.hasbeen;willhavetoD.hadbeen;wouldhaveto【解析】选D。句意:他说他的自行车被偷了，他将不得不报警。由said可知第一个空用过去完成时，第二个空用过去将来时。exercises检测练习单项填空1.Heregretted＿＿＿sillymistakeshehadmade.A.whatB.howC.thatD.which【解析】选A。直接引语是what引导的感叹句，变为间接引语后还是由what引导。由mistakes可知how不合适。3.—“Pleaseexplainwhyyou’resolate.”thebosssaidangrily.—“Whatdidthebosssaytome?”—“He＿＿＿＿”A.ordersyoutoexplainwhyyouaresolate.B.orderedyoutoexplainwhywereyousolate.C.askedyoutoexplainwhywereyousolate.D.orderedyoutoexplainwhyyouweresolate.【解析】选D。由said确定用过去时；宾语从句中应用陈述句语序，故选D。4.Theteacher＿＿＿metohaveanothertry.A.warnedB.suggestedC.hopedD.asked【解析】选D。句意：老师请我再试一次。asksb.nottodosth.请求某人不做某事；warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不做某事；suggest和hope都不能用于此结构。结合句意，应选D项。5.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”→Heaskedme＿＿＿＿＿.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong【解析】选C。变为间接引语要用陈述句语序，而且时态要与asked一致。6.Theteacherasked,“Areyouready?”→Theteacheraskedus＿＿＿.A.ifwewerereadyB.thatwewerereadyC.tobereadyD.whetherweareready【解析】选A。直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语后要用“if/whether+陈述句”语序。该句时态也由原来的一般现在时变为一般过去时。故选A。7.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim＿＿＿.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto【解析】选A。由语境可推出后半句直接引语为：buthismothersaidtohim,“Don’trideyourbicycleinthestreet.”因此改为间接引语时应为：buthismothertoldhimnottoridehisbicycleinthestreet,为了避免重复，只保留不定式符号to。8.MyEnglishteacheradvisedI＿＿＿keepmymouthshuttoimprovemyspokenEnglish.A.toB.nottoC.notD.mustn’t【解析】选C。advise+从句（主语+shoulddo），should可以省略。主语I限定advise后只能接宾语从句。若用不定式表达，应用宾格me。9.Mary,＿＿＿here;everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming【解析】选A。题干为祈使句。句意：玛丽，过来；别的人