2023版高三一轮总复习英语外研版课时分层作业12　Earth first

课时分层作业（十二）I.完形填空（2021•陕西省教学质量检测）Bytheendoftheyear,HayleyArceneauxwillbetheyoungestAmericaninspaceandoneofthefirsttouriststoenterorbitunaccompaniedbyprofessionalastronauts.Itisagreat1,becausesheovercameachildhoodcancerthat2the29-year-oldgirfsdreamof3anastronautherself.Duetothebonecancershe4,Arceneauxhassteelnailsinherleft5・JaredIsaacman,ayoungAmericanbillionairewitha6loveforspaceexploration,hiredaSpaceXrocketathisown7anddecidedtotakethreepeoplewithhim,includingArceneaux.“Igotaphonecall8inearlyJanuary,anditasked,'Doyouwanttogoto9?'"ArceneauxtoldAFP.^ImmediatelyIsaid,Yes,yes,absolutely!'"saidArceneaux,whonowworksforthesamehospitalthat10her.Asachild,she11theNASAspacecenter."Ofcourse,Iwantedtobeanastronaut,"shesaid."ButthenafewmonthslaterIwasdiagnosed（诊I断）withcancer,anditreally12mywholeworld.Untilnow,astronautshavehadtoreallybe13perfect,whichisnotacategorythatI14tobecauseofoperationsI'vehadonmyleg.Andthat'sonethingTmso15aboutwiththistask.Itis16toanyone,“Arceneauxsaid.“Iwouldjustloveto17mypatientstodreambigandnotto18themselves.AndIreally19toshowthemwhileI'minspacethatabsolutelyanythingis20,“shesaid.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了HayleyArceneaux战胜了儿时所患癌症，将成为美国第一批在没有专业宇航员陪伴的情况下进入轨道的游客之一，同时她也是进入太空的美国人中最年轻的。A.achievementB.taskC.chanceD.storyA［考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“becausesheovercameachildhoodcancer”可知，她战胜了儿时（患）的癌症，这是一个巨大的成就。应选A。］A.supportedB.helpedC.touchedD.brokeD［考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，癌症打破了这个29岁的女孩想成为一名宇航员的梦想。应选D。］3・A.defeatingB.consultingC.becomingD.teachingC［考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Ofcourse,Iwantedtobeanastronaut”及语境可知，HayleyArceneaux的梦想是成为一名宇航员。应选C。］A.dealtwithB.gotthroughC.putasideD.diedfromB［考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的"becausesheovercameachildhoodcancer”可知，由于HayleyArceneaux患了骨癌，她的左腿里有钢钉。应选B。］A.armB.legC.handD.footB［考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“becauseofoperationsI'vehadonmyleg”可知，HayleyArceneaux的左腿里有钢钉。应选B。］A.believableB.instantC.plainD.crazyD［考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“hiredaSpaceXrocket”可知，一位年轻的美国亿万富翁JaredIsaacman对太空探索有着疯狂的热爱。应选D。］A.expenseB.speedC.serviceD.riskA［考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，JaredIsaacman用自己的开支租下了一支火箭。应选A。］A.usuallyB.generallyC.suddenlyD.casuallyC［考查副词辨析。根据下文"ImmediatelyIsaidJYes,yes,absolutely!'”及语境可知，HayleyArceneaux在1月初突然接到了一个。应选C。］A.natureB.collegeC.spaceD.hospitalC［考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“decidedtotakethreepeoplewithhim,includingArceneauxv可知，那边的人问Arceneaux想去（探索）太空吗。应选Co］A.treatedB.quittedC.firedD.impressedA［考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“thesamehospital”及语境可知，HayleyArceneaux现在就在曾经治疗过她的那家医院工作。应选A。］A.foundedB.visitedC.designedD.decoratedB［考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“theNASAspacecenter”及语境可知，HayleyArceneaux小时候曾参观过美国宇航局航天中心。应选B。］A.createdB.coloredC.improvedD.changedD［考查动词辨析。根据上文中的"ButthenafewmonthslaterIwasdiagnosedwithcancer”可知，因为癌症，HayleyArceneaux不能实现自己的梦想了,她的整个世界都因此发生了改变。应选D。］A.mentallyB.academicallyC.financiallyD.physicallyD［考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“becauseofoperationsTvehadonmyleg”可知，HayleyArceneaux因为腿部做过手术而不能成为宇航员了。由此可推知，宇航员要有完美的身体状态。应选D。］A.seeB.attendC.belongD.contributeC［考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，HayleyArceneaux不属于完美的身体状态这一类别。应选C。］A.excitedB.worriedC.confusedD.awkwardA［考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，现在HayleyArceneaux可以参加太空探险，这使她感到非常兴奋。应选A。］A.openB.devotedC.blindD.harmfulA［考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“toanyone”及语境可知，此处指该活动对任何人都开放。应选A。］A.allowB.inspireC.begD.forceB［考查动词辨析。根据下文中的"mypatientstodreambigandnottothemselves”可知，HayleyArceneaux仅仅是想通过自己的行动去激励自己的病人。应选B。］A.praiseB.blameC.limitD.foolC［考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，HayleyArceneaux仅仅是想要通过自己的行动去激励自己的病人要有远大的梦想，不要限制自己。应选C。］A.hesitateB.hopeC.persuadeD.pretendB［考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，HayleyArceneaux真的希望能向病人们展示自己在太空中(的样子)。应选B。］A.fortunateB.successfulC.correctD.possibleD［考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指一切皆有可能。应选D。］II.语法填空(2021•武汉市质量检测)Chinesecharactersdatebacktoancienttimes,withahistoryofatleastseveralthousandyears.Itisagreedthathanzibegan1.simplepictures,imagesthattheancientChinesepeopledrew,painted,andcarved2.(describe)natureandtheirlives.The3.(old)symbolsrecognizableasChinesecharactersarethosefoundonancientanimalbones.These3,000-year-oldsymbols,jiaguwen,4.(carve)onturtleshellsorbonesofanimals,andcangiveusinsightinto5.theancientChinesesawtheworldaroundthemandintotheirgreatcreativity.WhenyoufirstlookatChinesecharacters,youwillmost6.(like)feelthattheyareverycomplicated.About80%ofChinesecharactersarecomposedofsmaller7.(part),whicharecombinedinmanydifferentwaystoformtensofthousandsofhanzi.Fortunatelyyouneedtoknowonlyabouttwoorthreethousandcharactersforusein8.(day)life.ChinesecharactersandChinesecultureareinseparablylinked.China，swritingsystemforms9・strongbridgelinkingtheChinesepeopleandcultureofthepresentwith10.(that)ofthepast.AsChinatakesitsplaceintheinternationalcommunity,manyinternationalstudentsarestudyingChineseandarecomingtoappreciateChina，simpressiveculture.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了汉字的开展历史。as［考查介词。人们一致认为，汉字最初只是一些简单的图画和图像。短语beginas意思是“起初是”。］todescribe［考查动词不定式。根据句子的结构来分析，that从句的主语是theancientChinesepeople，谓语是drew,painted和carved;而此空要用动词不定式作状语，表示目的。］oldest［考查形容词最高级。句意：最古老的可认出的汉字的符号是在古老的动物骨头上发现的。根据句子的意思及空前的“The”可知，此处要用形容词最高级，表示“最古老的”。］werecarved［考查时态、语态和主谓一致。这些3000年前的符号甲骨文——被刻在龟壳或动物的骨头上。显然句子的主语These3,000-year-oldsymbols为复数,且与谓语动词carve之间是被动关系，同时此处描述发生在过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。］how［考查连词。这些符号可以让我们深入了解古代中国人怎样看待周围的世界以及他们伟大的创造力。此处表示方式，要用how。］likely［考查副词。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用副词形式作状语。句意：当你第一次看到汉字时，你很可能会觉得它们非常复杂。］parts［考查名词复数形式。后面的whicharecombined...hanzi耒一个非限制性定语从句，由其中的are可知，先行词要用parts。］daily［考查形容词。根据句子的结构来判断，此处要用形容词修饰名词

lifeo短语indailylife意思是“在日常的生活中“。］a［考查冠词。此处泛指“一座坚实的桥梁”，且strong的发音以辅音音素开头，所以要用不定冠词a。］those［考查代词。句意：中国的书写系统是将现在和过去的中国人和文化连接起来的一座坚实的桥梁。根据句子的结构来判断，此空要用代词代替前面的theChinesepeopleandculture,指代复数概念，所以要用those。］III.短文改错（2021•绵阳市诊断性考试）Therearetoomanyclassicliteraryworksweshouldreadthatifshardtoknowwheretostart.Watchthemovieversioniscertainlyonewaytogetfamiliarlywithabook.Besiderequiringlesstime,themovieversionusuallygivesyoumostoftheimportantplotsandcharacterinformations.Itmayalsohelpsyoudecideifthebookisworthreadingit.Readingtheoriginalbooksiscompletelydifferent.Withfarmorecharacterandplotdetails,itallowsyouappreciatethebeautyofthelanguageinthebook.Asforwhichisbetter,itdependsonthatyouneed.Ifyoujustwanttogetthestory,watchthemovieversion;forthemorecompleteexperience,thebookversionisdefinitelybetter.【答案】ThereareThereareTherearetoosomanyclassicliteraryworksweshouldreadthatit'shardtoknowwheretostart.Watch

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