【语法】数词-完整版课件

高中英语精品语法课件数词Lead-in完成表格中的序数词基数词序数词基数词序数词1one1st

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20twenty20thLead-in答案1first11eleventh2second12twelfth3third13thirteenth4fourth14fourteenth5fifth15fifteenth6sixth16sixteenth7seventh17seventeenth8eighth18eighteenth9ninth19nineteenth10tenth20twentiethPresentation数词分为基数词与序数词两类：基数词与序数词基数词表示数目大小的数词，序数词表示顺序先后的数词。请注意下面表格中基数词与序数词的变化规律：基数词与序数词Presentation基数词序数词基数词序数词1one1stfirst11eleven11theleventh2two2ndsecond12twelve12thtwelfth3three3rdthird13thirteen13ththirteenth4four4thfourth14fourteen14thfourteenth5five5thfifth15fifteen15thfifteenth6six6thsixth16sixteen16thsixteenth7seven7thseventh17seventeen17thseventeenth8eight8theighth18eighteen18theighteenth9nine9thninth19nineteen19thnineteenth10ten10thtenth20twenty20thtwentiethPresentation30thirty30ththirtieth101onehundredandone101stonehundredandfirst40forty40thfortieth50fifty50thfiftieth123onehundredandtwenty-three123rdonehundredandtwenty-third60sixty60thsixtieth70seventy70thseventieth1000onethousand1000thonethousandth80eithty80theightieth90ninety90thninetieth1002onethousandandtwo1002ndonethousandandsecond100hundred100thhundredthPresentation数词主要具有名词的功用，可在句中充当定语、主语、宾语和表语等。1）作主语数词作主语一般常用于数学运算，其他数词作主语一般有后置定语。基数词与序数词的用法PresentationTwoofthemareleaguemembers.他们中有两人是团员。Thefirsttocometotheofficeisusuallythemanager.第一个到办公室的通常是经理。Fivetimessevenmakesthirty-five.5乘7等于35。Onehundreddividedbyfiveistwenty.100除以5等于20。Presentation2）作宾语数词可作及物动词和介词的宾语。Doyouoftencometoschoolatseventhirty?你经常在七点三十到吗？Fiveandsixmakeseleven.5加6等于11。Wouldyouliketotakethethird?你愿意拿第三个吗？Twofromtenleaveseight.10减2等于8。Presentation3）作表语数词作表语常放在连系动词be的后面。Myfatherisfifty-six.我父亲五十六岁了。Thenumberofthestudentsintheschoolis1560.学校学生人数是1560。Youarethefifthtoseethedoctor.你第五个看病。Presentation4）作定语数词充当定语放在名词前面，表示名词的数量或顺序。Therearefifty-sevenstudentsinourclass.在我们班有五十七位学生。Thelaststudenttoleaveisalwaysourmonitor.最后一个离开的总是我们的班长。Presentation①数词表示倍数英语中表示倍数的词有twice，threetimes，half等，倍数表达法有几种，常见的有：…timesas+原级+as…times+比较级+than…timesthe+名词+of数词的表达法PresentationYourfathermakestwiceasmuchmoneyasmine.你爸爸赚的钱是我爸爸的两倍。Thehallisfivetimesbiggerthanthemeeting-room.大厅是会议室的五倍大。Thehouseishalfthesizeofthatone.这房子是那房子的一半大。Thewaterinthisriverrunsthreetimesfasterthanthewaterinthatriver.这条河里的水流速度是那条河的三倍。Presentation②数词表示数学运算常见的数学运算有plus“加”，minus“减”，times“乘”，dividedby“除”，有时plus用and取代，minnus用from取代。表示数学运算的句型中，谓语动词常用make，equal或be，一般用-（e）s的形式。Nineplus（and）fivemakesfourteen.9加5等于14。Nineminusfive（Fivefromnine）isfour.9减5等于4。Eighttimesnineisseventy-two.8乘9等于72。Tendividedbytwoequalsfive.10除以2等于5。Presentation③关于分数词分数词由分子和分母两部分构成，英语中的分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子超过1时，分母的序数词用复数形式。百分数用percent来表示。1/2onehalf1/4aquarter/onefourth2/3twothirds18%eighteenpercent83%eighty-threepercentPresentation④次数表达法英语中表示“次数”，除“第一次”和“第二次”用once和twice外，其余的用…times。“再一次”可说onceagain/more或anothertime。—HowmanytimeshaveyoubeentoBeijing?你到北京去过几次？—Twice.两次Ihaveseenherthreeorfourtimesbefore.以前我见过她三、四次。Spotlight1.Myfatherisinhisfifties.我爸爸五十多岁了。在表示“年代”和“年龄段”时，数词要用复数。Doyouknowanythinginthe1980s?你知道二十世纪八十年代的事情吗？Alltheboyshereareintheirteens.这儿所有男孩子都是十多岁。Theoldmanisinhiseighties.老人八十多岁了。Spotlight2.TheChangjiangRiveristhethirdlongestriverintheworld.长江是世界上第三长的河流。形容词最高级的前面可用序数词来修饰。表示“第几最……的”。Inourclas,TomistheoldestandMikeisthesecondoldest.在班上，汤姆年龄是最大的，迈克是第二大的。Thisisthethirdtallestbuildinginthecity.这是这个城市第三高的建筑物。Spotlight3.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttocometoschoolandthelasttoleave.我们的班长总是第一个到校，最后一个离开学校。表示“第几个做某事的人”，英语中用结构“the+序数词+todosomething”。YangMingisthethirdtohandinthetestpapers.杨明第三个交卷。Ourheadteacherwasthelasttospeakatthemeeting.我们的班主任最后一个在会上发言。Spotlight4.基数词的特殊用法在很多情况下，基数词可替代序数词用，常见的有表示日期、章节、页码、号码等。这类用法的特点是：用“名词+基数词”的结构。Pagefifty（=thefiftiethpage）第五十页Lessonseven（=theseventhlesson）第七课October2（=Octoberthe2rd）十月二日Nomberone（=thefirst）第一号Spotlight5.关于序数词序数词的前面一般要用定冠词the，表示“第几”。有时序数词的前面也可用不定冠词a或an，表示在原有基础上“再一次”或“又一次”，序数词这种用法的差异只是基数的不同。first和last前面只能用the。Ourheadteacheristhefirsttospeakatthemeeting.我们的班主任第一个在会上发言。ThisisthefourthtimeIhavebeenhere.这是我第四次来这里。Whynottryaneighthtime?为何不再试一次？Hewantstomeetthemanagerathirdtime.他想再见经理一次。Spotlight6.分数词的数分数词和百分比可以表示整体中的部分，其数由后面的名词决定。是不可数名词时，为单数；是复数名词时，为复数wothirdsofthewaterhereispolluted.这里三分之二的水受到了污染。Onefourthofthecakeswereeatenbyme.四分之一的蛋糕是我吃的。Morethansixtypercentoftnestudentsintheclassareboys.班上百分之六十以上的学生是男孩。Onethirdofthetreesinthisareahavebeenplantedinthepastfewyears.这里三分之一的树是过去几年栽的。Practice1.It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnow__________largeaswhatitwas.（2013安徽）A.twiceasB.astwiceC.twicemuchD.muchtwice答案：A。考查比较级倍数表达句型。句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象。2.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe________thepresentone.（2011陕西）A.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigasC.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas答案：B。考查倍数词与as…as搭配的句式，只有B结构正确。链接高考Practice根据下面数字或汉语写出其英语读法随堂练习1.1/22.1/43.2/54.32%5.April26.3087.45，6888.9，000，0359.第5210.第10511.Room40912.Class68Practice答案1.ahalf/onesecond2.aquarter/onefourth3.twofifths4.thirty-twopercent5.Aprilthesecond6.threehundredandeight7.forty-fivethousandsixhundredandeighty-eight8.ninemillionandthirty-five9.fifty-second10.onehundredandfifth11.Roomfouronine12.Classsixty-eightPractice选择正确选项填空1.In___________half,Tonywasthefirsttoscore.A.two B.twice C.second D.thesecond2.___________oftheclass___________fromcountryside.A.Twothird；isB.Thetwothird；isC.Twothirds；areD.Thetwothirds；are3.Thewriterwasbornin___________.A.1930sB.1930’sC.the1930sD.the1930s’Practice4.—Howmanystudentsarethereintheschool?—Therearethree___________.A.thousands