初中定语从句知识点详解

初中定语从句知识点详解初中定语从句知识点详解初中定语从句知识点详解初中定语从句知识点详解编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:初中定语从句知识点详解定语从句考点：①各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及其在从句中做什么成分②只用that的情况③只用which的情况知识点总结：一、各个关系代词和关系副词的区别及具体用法：(一)、1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，若前面有介词，则不可省略，也不能用that，例如：Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegateMrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.ThemantowhomourteacherisspeakingisfromCanada.3.whose指人，也可指物（拟人化的物），意思是“谁的”，在定语从句中作定语。例如：Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.Iliveinahousewhosewindowsfacethesouth.4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。例如：I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoistheboythat/whomIsawthismorning6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.8.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语：Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelookssadtoday.（二）关系代词和冠词副词引导的从句有什么区别关键点：1、关系副词在从句中是做状语，记住，只做状语，不能做其他的成分。2、关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。如：thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisclear.=Thereasonforwhichherefusedtheinvitationisclear.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecitywhereIwasborn.=TreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhichIwasborn.Thetimewhenwegottegetherfinallycame.=Thetimeinwhichwegottogetherfinallycame.样板题一：1、Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which解题思路：此题中，从句是hearrived，它已经是一个完整的句子，因此，这里要填一个在从句中充当状语的成分，C选项和D选项都不能做在从句中作状语，因此排除掉，theday指的是时间，因此，要填上表示时间的关系副词when。练习题：1、Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.A. thatB.whichC.whereD.why2、Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when3.Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which4.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich5.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where6.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where7.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where8.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where样板题二：用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.解题思路：所谓定语从句，就是把两句话压缩成一句话，而且，这两句话肯定辉提到同一个东西，因此，首先要找两句话都提到了的东西，此题中，两句话都提到了同一个东西——一个人（theboy,he）这就是共同点，人我们是用who或whom表示，两句话都是做主语，因此，只能用在从句中作主语的who,不能在从句中做宾语的whom，因此，答案是：Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismyyoungerbrother.练习题：1.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.2.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.3.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.4.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.样板题三：用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.解题思路：还是找两句话都提到了的那个共同点，是thehall（it）,在第二句话中init是做定点状语，因此可以用where代替，因此，答案是：Thisisthehallwherewelistenedtothereporttheotherday.=Thisisthehallinwhichwelistenedtothereporttheotherday.练习题：1、BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.2、Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.3、Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.4、Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.二、只用that的情况：1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是nothing,everything,anything,everything,all,few,little,some等不定代词时。例如：Allthathesaidistrue.(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,little,few,much,thesame,thelast等词修饰时。例如：Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词：Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.（6）当先行词前面有who,which等词时：WhoisthemanthatissittingthereWhichisthecoatthatfitsmemost练习题：1. Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim. 三、只能用which，不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中。例如：Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.练习题：1.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when 五、知识小结：六、作业：初中英语语法-定语从句-专项练习一、填空题：用适当的关系词填空：1.Istillrememberthenight_______Ifirstcametothehouse.2.I'llneverforgettheday________wemeteachotherlastweek.3.MrBlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,_______isthebestseasonthere.4.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithyourfamily.5.I'llneverforgetthelastday______wespenttogether.6.Thisistheschool______Iusedtostudy.7.Doyoustillremembertheplace______wevisitedlastweek8.Doyoustillremembertheplace_______wevisitedthepaintingexhibition9.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,_____isfamousfortheWestLake10.HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou,______liestheWestLake11.TomwillgotoShanghai,______livehistwobrothers.12.IliveinBeijing,____isthecapitalofChina.13.Therewasatime______therewereslavesintheUSA.14.Itisthethirdtime______youhavemadethesamemistake.15.Thisistheverynovelabout____we'vetalkedsomuch.16.Whoisthestudent_____waslateforschooltoday17.Who_____knowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim18.Helivesintheroom____windowfacestothesouth.19.Thisisthehour_____theplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.20.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplace____youmayspendyourweekend.二、单选题1.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof__________youarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.those2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherdayA.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFridayA.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone4.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsagoA.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesintoice.A.atwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.ofwhat7.Thisbookwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..A.howyouhaveobservedB.whatyouhaveobservedC.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved8.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whether9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which10.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what12.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.A.whichB.itC.thatD.what13.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that14.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.A.whoissingingB.issingingC.sangD.wassinging15.Those__________notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.whoC.thatlearnsD.wholearn16.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.A.thatagainstB.whoagainstC.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst17.Didn’tyouseetheman__________A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnowC.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow18.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherdayA.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutitC.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout19.Isthereanything__________toyouA.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.thatbelongD.whichbelongs20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook”----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________whohadalreadytakenthem.A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers22.Antarctic__________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.aboutwhich23.Maythefourthistheday__________weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich24.Thehotel__________duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.westayedatB.wherewestayedatC.whichwestayedD.inthatwestayed25.ItistheSuezCanal__________separatesAsia__________Africa.A.which,toB.where,