动词及动词词组辨析

动词及动词词组辨析动词及动词词组辨析动词及动词词组辨析V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考动词及动词词组辨析日期：20xx年X月动词和动词词组辨析上海市风华初级中学沈洁第一部分知识点梳理动词辨析borrow;lend;keepborrow借入（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常用于borrowsth.fromsb.IborrowedapenfromMaryyesterday.lend借出（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常用于lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.WouldyoulendyourMP4tomekeep保存，保留（引申为“借用”）能和表示时间段的时间状语及howlong等连用HowlongmayIkeepthisdictionarycost;pay;spend;take(形式)主语谓语宾语补语人spendTimeormoneyonsth./(in)doingsth.物或事costmoney事taketimeormoney人paymoneyJane______muchmoneyonpets.ThisTVset______memuchmoney.It______metenminutestogotothepostoffice.We’ll______youinafewdays.carry;fetch;take;bringbring某人从某地带来某物carry某人保持拿某物的状态fetch某人往返一趟取得某物take某人将某物从某地拿走She______herbabyinherarms._____therubbishaway.Rememberto______meanumbrella.Goand_______thedictionary.invent;discover;createinvent通过想象或实验创造出以前不存在的东西Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.discover发现早已存在，只是一直未被人发现或知道的东西Shediscoveredthedogunderthedog.create通过想象创造出新的人物形象或戏剧角色Hecreatedmanyfamouscharacters.memorize;rememberremember指一件事或印象是在记忆中，多想想可以想得出Hellencouldnotrememberwhenshehadbeensohappy.memorize有意识地去“默记”或“熟记”以留下印象MyEnglishteacheraskedustomemorizethesenewwords.raise;riseraise举起，提起，增加（及物动词）Tomraisedhisarmsabovehishead.rise人或物从低处向高处上升，数量增加（不及物动词）Look,thesunisrising.lookat;see;watchwatch观看某个正在或将要发生、移动或变化的事物或事件等HeiswatchingTV.see看见某物（强调结果）Itwassodarkhecouldhardlysee.lookat用视线投注在某物上（强调行为）Studentsarelookingattheteacher.steal;robsteal暗中偷窃别人钱财（常用stealsth.fromsb.）Mybikehasbeenstolen.rob用暴力抢劫别人财物(常用robsb.ofsth.)Shewasrobbedofherring.say;speak;tell;talksay说（着重于所说的话。作及物动词时，后接名词、代词、动词不定式等或that/wh-从句作宾语）Hispassportsaysheis29.speak说（着重开口发出的声音。多作不及物动词，如作及物动词，后接languages）IwassosurprisedthatIcouldnotspeak.tell告诉，讲给别人听Tellyouthetruth.talk多作连续性的说话和交谈Theyaretalkingbusiness.damage;hurtdamage常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等无生命物体受损或毁坏而失掉其价值、用途或外表Hiscarwasdamagedinanaccident.hurt指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害Hehurthisbackwhenhefell.accept;receiveaccept接受（表示接受者经过考虑，愿意接受）Iacceptedtheinvitation.receive收到（强调行为本身，不涉及收受者是否接受）Ireceivedaninvitation.YesterdayI_____aletter______Mary.Idid________hisinvitationbutIdidn’t_______it.arrive;get;reacharrive到达（不及物动词，后面跟地点时，必须加介词in或at）Iarrivedatbusstop.get到达（后接名词要加to;表示到家用gethome）Whendidyougethomeyesterdayeveningreach到达（及物动词，后面直接跟表地点的名词）TheyreachedLosAngelesonSaturday.动词词组辨析join;takepartin;attendjoin加入组织Tomjoinedthearmywhenhewas18.takepartin参加活动Healwaystakespartinoutdooractivities.attend出席Heattendedameeting.bemadeof;bemadeupofbemadeof由…制成（在成品中可看见原料）Thetableismadeofwood.bemadeupof由…组成（指各个部分组成整体）Thebridgemodelismadeupofmanypiecesofpaper.beusedto;usedtobeusedto(现在)习惯（beusedtosth./doingsth.）I’musedtoworkingwithhimnow.usedto过去常常做某事（usedtodo）Myfatherusedtosmoke.happen;takeplacehappen（当主语为”事”）发生happentosb.；（当主语为”人”）碰巧happentodoWhendidtheearthquakehappenHehappenedtoknowtheplace.takeplace发生（指事先计划或预想到）；举行某种活动Themeetingtookplaceat8:00asplanned.7.lookfor;findout;findlookfor寻找（强调行动）Kittyislookingforherdog.find找到（强调结果）Ican’tfindmycarkey.findout查明（具体事因，真相等）Hewantedtofindoutwhattheproblemwas.其他(1)looklookafter 照看，照料 lookat看 lookforwardtodoingsth.期待着looklike 看上去像 lookout注意留神 lookup查寻，抬头看putputoff延期 puton穿，戴上，上演 putout扑灭 putup举起，挂起taketakealook看一看 takeamessageforsb.给某人捎个口信takeup开始从事takeaway拿走 takeone’sadvice听从某人劝告 takechargeof负责，管理takeholdof抓住 takenotes记笔记 takeoff脱掉（衣服）起飞takecareof照料 takeout取出 takeanunderground(train)乘地铁turnturnup/down (把音量等)调高、调低 turnon/off开、关掉（电灯、电视、收音机等）turnout结果是，证明是 turnover翻（车、页），翻身 turninto变成 getgetalong/on(with)进展，与---相处 getback返回 getup起床geton/off上、下车 getreadyfor为---准备 getridof摆脱gettiredof对---感到厌倦 getto到达 getintothehabitof养成---的习惯makemakeadecision作出决定 makeafilm拍电影 makeafire生火makealiving谋生 makeamistake犯错误 makeanoise弄出声makefriendswith与---交朋友 makefunof拿---开玩笑 makemoney赚钱makeprogress 取得进步 makethebed整理床铺makeupone’smind下决心gogoahead 向前走，去吧 goforaswim去游泳 goshopping去购物gohome 回家 goon继续 goonadiet实行节食goonapicnic 去野餐 goonwith/doingsth.继续做某事 goout熄灭goover复习 gosightseeing去观光 gowrong出错gotobed 就寝 gotocollege上大学 gotoschool上学gotosleep入睡 gotothecinema/movie(s)看电影goto(the)hospital去医院（看病）keepkeepadiary记日记 keepfit保持健康 keep---from使---免于keepintouch(with) 保持联系 keepoff阻挡，不让---接近 keepquiet保持安静keepsb.busy让某人忙不停 keepdoingsth.继续做某事四、其他（2）askfor请求 carefor照顾、喜欢 getreadyfor准备leavefor动身去 lookfor寻找 payfor付钱preparefor准备 searchfor搜查 waitfor等待2.awayrunaway逃跑 throwaway扔掉 takeaway拿走thinkof想起 getridof摆脱 gettiredof对---感到厌倦hearof听说 runoutof用完、耗尽 takeholdof抓住takechargeof负责、管理dieof因—病而死 dreamof梦想hearfrom收信 learnfrom从---学到 keepfrom阻止，使---免于protectfrom保护—免受 preventfrom妨碍、阻止某人做某事 stopfrom阻止---做tellfrom 区分、辨别 comefrom来自offgetoff下车 keepoff阻挡，不让---接近 putoff延期see---off送行 showoff炫耀withcommunicatewith与---交流 dealwith处理beconnectedto/with与---连接 keepintouchwith与---保持联系makefriendswith与---交朋友 playwith与---一起玩sharewith分享 talkwith/tosb.与---谈话ondependon依赖、依靠 comeon快，跟我来 geton上车goon继续 holdon等一等（别挂电话） liveon靠---生playatrickon作弄 puton穿，戴上，上演 relyon依靠tryon试穿 turnon打开updressup穿着打扮 lookup查寻，抬头看 wakeup醒来，叫醒growup 成长 putup举起、挂起 takeup开始从事pickup拾起 shupup住口 stayup熬夜outpickout 挑选出 pointout指出 putout扑灭sellout售完 takeout取出 turnout结果是、证明是workout做出、算出 findout查明真相 goout熄灭lookout注意、留神第二部分练习基础练习Choosethebestanswer()isthekindofpersonwhompeopleliketomake______.Afriendwith Bfriendsof Cfriends Dfriendswith()2.Howlonghavethey_______thecomputerAbought Bhad Cborrowed Dsold()’srainingheavilyoutside.Rememberto_______theraincoattohimwhenyougothere.Abring Btake Ccarry Dbuy()littleboycan______thetopoftheshelf.Agetto Barriveat Creach Dreceive()_______thesedogsathomewhentheSmithsareabroad.Alooksup Blooksfor Clooksafter Dlooksin()can______waterintoiceorsteam.Aturnto Bturn Cturnoff Dturnon()7.Theplane______herefortenminutesalready.Ahascome Bhasbeen Chasbeento Dhasstopped()8.Thoughthechildisveryyoung,hecanalready_______thetime.Atalk Bsay Cread Dtell()’sunnecessaryforusto________somuchmoneyontheseuselessbooks.Acost Bspend Ctake Dpay()10.Haveyou_______whotookawaymykeyAfound Bfoundout Clookedfor Dgot()______livinginthecountrysidetothecity.Alikes Bprefers Cenjoys Dloves()12.Theearthisourhome.Wemust______theland,airandwaterclean.Achange Bshare Cnotice Dkeep()girlsenjoy______skirtsinspring.Awearing Bdressing Cputtingon Dhaving()I_______yourdictionary ----Ofcourse.Butyoumustn’t_______ittoothers.Aborrow,lend Bborrow,borrow Clend,borrow Dlend,lend拓展练习()1.JudylikesChinesepaintingandshe______thehobbygroupatschool.Ahastakenpartin BhasjoinedChasattended Dhascomeinto()2.Hecould_______neitherFrenchnorGerman,soI_____withhiminEnglish.Aspeak,talked Btalk,told Csay,spoke Dtell,talked()3.Idon’tknowSam’stelephonenumber.Willyouplease_____inyouraddressbookformeAlookupit Blookitup Clookforit Dlookatit()areverysadandangrytohearthatthebadmilkpowder_____thedeathofover30babies.Amade Bdid Cbrought Dcaused()5.TheVIPs(VeryImportantPersons)from21countrieswill_____theAPECinShanghaithisautumn.Ahold Btakepartin Cjoin Dattend()magnificenttheBundlooksatnig