新概念英语第二册第15课

新概念英语第二册第15课新概念英语第二册第15课新概念英语第二册第15课新概念英语第二册第15课编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:Lesson15Goodnews佳音ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.'Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语secretaryn.秘书nervousadj.精神紧张的affordv.负担得起weakadj.弱的interruptv.插话，打断参考译文秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我。我走进他的办公室，感到非常紧张。我进去的时候，他连头也没抬。待我坐下后，他说生意非常不景气。他还告诉我，公司支付不起这么庞大的工资开支，有20个人已经离去。我知道这次该轮到我了。“哈姆斯沃斯先生，”我无力地说。“不要打断我的话，”他说。然后他微笑了一下告诉我说，我每年将得到1,000英镑的额外收入。1.Goodnews佳音news[nju:z]n.1.[u]newinformationaboutsth.thathashappenedrecently消息；音信.有什么最新消息吗What’sthelatest([’leitist]adj.最近的；最新的)news这真是好消息。That’sgreatnews.把你最近的情况全都告诉我。Tellmeallyournews.你有没有玛丽的消息HaveyouhadanynewsofMary你是想先听好消息还是坏消息Doyouwantthegoodnewsorthebadnewsfirst一条/一则消息apiece/bitofnews2.[u]reportsofrecenteventsthatappearinnewspapersorontelevisionorradio媒体对重要事情的报道；新闻.国内/国际新闻national/internationalnews一则新闻；新闻报道anewsstory/item/report她老上报纸。Sheisalwaysinthenews.这次婚礼成了头版新闻。Theweddingwasfrontnews.3.(thenews)[sing]aregulartelevisionorradiobroadcastofthelatestnews(电视或广播中的)新闻节目.收听/收看新闻节目tolistento/watchthenews九点的新闻报道thenineo’clocknews4.[u]aperson,thingoreventthatisconsideredtobeinterestingenoughtobereportedasnews新闻人物；新闻事件.流行音乐明星们总是新闻人物。Popstarsarealwaysnews.IDM:1.bebadnews(forsb./sth.)tobelikelytocauseproblems对…不利.中央供暖系统可能不利于室内植物。Centralheatingisbadnewsforindoorplants.airconditioner[kən'diʃənə]n.空调机；空调设备(conditionern.[c,u]护发剂；护发素shampoo[ʃæm'pu:]n.(pl.-os)[c,u]洗发剂；香波；洗涤剂)heater['hi:tə]n.加热器；炉子；热水器2.breakthenews(tosb.)tobethefirsttotellsb.somebadnews最先(向…)透露坏消息；说出实情3.begoodnews(forsb./sth.)tobelikelytobehelpfulorgiveanadvantage对…有利(或有益处).降低利率对于私房买主来说是个福音。Thecut(n.削减，减少)ininterestratesisgoodnewsforhomeowners.(homeowner['həuməunə]n.房主)4.nonewsisgoodnews(saying)iftherewerebadnewswewouldhearit,soaswehaveheardnothing,itislikelythatnothingbadhashappened没有消息就是好消息newsagency(alsopressagency)n.通讯社newsagent['nju:zeɪdʒɵnt](BrE)(AmEnewsdealer)1.报刊经销人；报刊经销商2.(newsagent’s)(pl.newsagents)报刊经销店；书报亭newscast['nju:zkɑ:st]n.新闻节目；新闻广播newsconferencen.(esp.AmE)=pressconference记者招待会；新闻发布会2.ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我。1)secretary['sekrətəri]n.(pl.-ies)(abbreviationSec.)1.apersonwhoworksinanoffice,workingforanotherperson,dealingwithlettersandtelephonecalls,typing,keepingrecords,arrangingmeetingswithpeople,etc.秘书.请和我的秘书联系，预约一个时间。Pleasecontact['kɔntækt]mysecretarytomakeanappointment.(n.[c]~(withsb.)约会；预约；约定)2.anofficialofaclub,society,etc.whodealswithwritingletters,keepingrecords,andmakingbusinessarrangements(俱乐部、社团等的)干事，文书3.(AmE)theheadofagovernmentdepartment,chosenbythePresident部长；大臣.财政部长SecretaryoftheTreasury(['treʒəri]n.(pl.-ies)1.(theTreasury)(英国、美国和一些其他国家的)财政部2.[c](城堡等中的)金银财宝库，宝库)SecretaryofStaten.1.(alsoSecretary)(inBritain)theheadofanimportantgovernmentdepartment(英国)大臣.教育与就业大臣theSecretaryofStateforEducationandEmployment2.(intheUS)theheadofthegovernmentdepartmentthatdealswithforeignaffairs(美国)国务卿SecretaryGeneraln.thepersonwhoisinchargeoftheadministrativedepartmentofalargeinternationalorpoliticalorganization(大型国际组织或政治组织的)秘书长，总干事，总书记：.北约前任秘书长theformerSecretaryGeneralofNATO(generaladj.1.全体的；普遍的；总的2.[onlybeforenoun](alsoGeneral)[afternoun]首席的；总管的.总经理thegeneralmanager)(NATO['neitəu]=NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganizationItisanorganizationtowhichmanyEuropeancountriesandtheUSandCanadabelong.Theyagreetogiveeachothermilitaryhelpifnecessary北约；北大西洋公约组织)secretarial[,sekrə'teərɪəl]adj.involvingorconnectedwiththeworkofasecretary秘书的；文秘工作的：.文秘工作；做秘书须具备的资格secretarialwork/qualifications(n.[c]资格；学历)2)would在这里不是表示单纯的过去将来时，而是表示“想…”、“要…”的意思：.你想要吃(喝)什么Whatwouldyouliketohave约翰不愿意把他的自行车借给我。Johnwouldn’tlendmehisbicycle.3.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.我走进他的办公室，感到非常紧张。nervous['nə:vəs]adj.1.~(about/ofsth.)anxiousaboutsth.orafraidofsth.焦虑的；担忧的；惶恐的opposite:confident.我在考试前感到非常紧张。Ifeelverynervousbeforeexams.他从未当众讲过话，因此他非常紧张。Hehadneverspokeninpublic,sohewasverynervous.面试前我感到惶恐不安。Ifeltreallynervousbeforetheinterview.他过去一直不敢邀请我们。Hehadbeennervousaboutinvitingus.这匹马可能害怕汽车。Thehorsemaybenervousofcars.worriedorfrightened神经质的；易紧张焦虑的；胆怯的：opposite:nerveless(['nɜ:vlɪs]adj.1.无力的；麻木的2.无谓的；镇定从容的；勇敢的).她是个神经质的女人。你看见她脸上那种神经质的微笑了吗Sheisanervouswoman.Doyouseethatnervoussmileonherface她是个瘦削而又胆怯的女孩儿。Shewasathin,nervousgirl.他不是那种好紧张的人。He’snotthenervoustype.3.connectedwiththebody’snervesandoftenaffectingyoumentallyoremotionally神经系统的.神经紊乱；神经症anervousdisorder/disease他的神经处于极度疲劳状态。Hewasinastateofnervousexhaustion[ɪg'zɔ:stʃən].adv.nervously.她露出不安的微笑。Shesmilednervously.n.nervousness[u].他试图掩饰他的惶恐不安。Hetriedtohidehisnervousness.nervousbreakdown(alsobreakdown)n.aperiodofmentalillnessinwhichsb.becomesverydepressed,anxiousandtired,andcannotdealwithnormallife神经衰弱.患神经衰弱tohaveanervousbreakdown与nervous容易混淆的另一个词是irritable(易怒的，急躁的)：irritable['ɪrɪtəbl]adj.gettingannoyed(adj.恼怒；生气；烦恼)easily;showingyouranger易怒的；暴躁的.我们的老师是位脾气急躁的老太太。她很容易生气。Ourteacherisanirritableoldlady.Shegetsangryeasily.irritability[,ɪrɪtə'bɪlɪti]n.[u]irritably['ɪrɪtəblɪ]adv.4.HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.我进去的时候，他连头也没抬。在这句话的lookup中，look是它的本义“看”、“瞧”。lookup一般表示原先在埋头干什么之后抬头看：lookup(fromsth.)toraiseyoureyeswhenyouarelookingdownatsth.(在低头看某物时)抬头往上看.我进房间时，她从书本上抬起头来看了看。ShelookedupfromherbookasIenteredtheroom.他听到声音后就抬起了头。(原先在读书)Helookedup(fromhisbook)whenheheardanoise.lookupvi.(informal)(ofbusiness,sb’ssituation,etc.生意、某人的情况等)tobecomebetter好转；改善：.情况终于开始好转了。Atlastthingswerebeginningtolookup.looksb.up[nopassive](informal)tovisitormakecontactwithsb.,esp.whenyouhavenotseenthemforalongtime(尤指在久别之后)拜访，看望，接触：.你下次到伦敦，一定来看我。Dolookmeupthenexttimeyou’reinLondon.looksth.uptolookforinformationinadictionaryorreferencebook(在词典或参考书中)查阅，查检.你查一查下一班火车的时间好吗Canyoulookupthetimeofthenexttrain我在词典里查过这个词。Ilookeditupinthedictionary.5.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.待我坐下后，他说生意非常不景气。6.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.他还告诉我，公司支付不起这么庞大的工资开支，有20个人已经离去。1)afford[ə'fɔ:d]v.1.[nopassive](usuallyusedwithcan,couldorbeableto,esp.innegativesentencesorquestions通常与can、could或beableto连用，尤用于否定句或疑问句)tohaveenoughmoneyortimetobeabletobuyortodosth.买得起;(有时间)做，能做：.[vn]我们今年买得起/买不起小汽车。Wecan/can’taffordacarthisyear.她觉得再也抽不出时间歇班了。Shefeltshecouldn’taffordanymoretimeoffwork.[vtoinf]今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去国外。Wecan’taffordtogoabroadthissummer.[vntoinf]那时他没有钱旅行。Hecouldn’tthenaffordthemoneytogoonthetrip.2.[nopassive](usuallyusedwithcanorcould,esp.innegativesentencesandquestions通常与can或could连用，尤用于否定句或疑问句)ifyousaythatyoucan’taffordtodosth.,youmeanthatyoushouldnotdoitbecauseitwillcauseproblemsforyouifyoudo承担得起(后果)：.[vtoinf]我们对这个警告决不能等闲视之。Wecannotaffordtoignorethiswarning.我不能再病了。Ican’taffordtobeillagain.[vn]我们不能再有任何耽搁了。Wecannotaffordanymoredelays.我只能为这次旅行抽出一周的时间。Icanonlyaffordoneweekforthetrip.3.(formal)toprovidesb.withsth.提供，给予：.[vnn]那天晚上玛丽为我们提供了一个房间过夜。Maryaffordedusaroomforthenight.这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。Theprogramme['prəugræm](AmEprogram)affordsyoungpeoplethechancetogainworkexperience.affordability[ə,fɔ:də'bɪlɪti]n.[u]affordable[ə'fɔ:dəbl]adj..付得起的价格affordableprices2)such和so都可以用来表示程度，意思是“如此；这样”，但用法却不相同。1．such是形容词，用来修饰名词，名词前有无形容词都可以；so是副词，用来修饰形容词或副词，形容词后可以省略名词。例如：Heissucha（big）fool．他是个（大）傻瓜。Heissofoolish（aman）．他是如此愚蠢（的一个人）。2．单数名词前有不定冠词与形容词时，so和such的位置不同。前者为“so＋形容词＋冠词＋名词”，后者为“such＋冠词＋形容词＋名词”。例如：Iknowsuchacleverboy．我认识如此聪明的一个男孩。Iknowsocleveraboy．我认识如此聪明的一个男孩。3．so后即使有形容词，也不能修饰复数名词或不可数名词，而such则可以。例如：Theyaresuchusefulbooks．它们是如此有用的书。Hegaveussuchgoodfood．他给了我们这么好的食物。4．名词前有表示“多、少”意义的many，much，few，little等修饰词时，要用so，不用such。例如：Therearesomanyflowersinourschoolgarden．我们学校的花园里有那么多的花。You'llfindEnglishabridgetosomuchknowledge．你会发现英语是通向如此丰富知识的桥梁。IhavesolittlemoneythatIcan'tlendyouany．我的钱很少，不能借给你。5．当little表示“小”的意思修饰可数名词时，其前只能用such，不能用so。例如：Ihaveneverseensuchlittlesheepbefore．我以前从没见过这么小的绵羊。7.Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.我知道这次该轮到我了。turn在这里是名词，意为“轮流”、“轮班”、“(依次轮流时各自的)一次机会”：.我已经问了两个问题。该轮到你了。Ihavealreadyaskedtwoquestions.Nowit’syourturn.轮到他时，他却一个字也说不出来。Whenhisturncame,hecouldn’tspeakanyword.8.'Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.“哈姆斯沃斯先生，”我无力地说。'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.“不要打断我的话，”他说。1)weak在这里不是指身体虚弱，而是指声音“微弱”、“无力”，因为怕被开除而感到紧张。weak[wi:k]adj.(weaker,weakest)1.notphysicallystrong虚弱的；无力的.她病后仍然虚弱。Sheisstillweakafterherillness.2.thatcannotsupportalotofweight;likelytobreak不牢固的；易损坏的；易破的.那座桥梁不太牢固，承受不住过多的车辆。Thatbridgeistooweaktocarryheavytraffic.3.easytoinfluence;nothavingmuchpower易受影响的，懦弱的；软弱无力的.软弱无力的领导人；弱国aweakleader/country在这个行业，工会一直没有权威。Theunionshavealwaysbeenweakinthisindustry.4.notfinanciallystrongorsuccessful疲软的；萧条的.疲软的经济/市场aweakeconomy/market5.~(insth.)notgoodatsth.不善于；不擅长；(能力)弱的，差的.我总是学不好理科。Iwasalwaysweakinthesciencesubjects.(文科：theliberalarts)6.thatpeoplearenotlikelytobelieveorbepersuadedby不能令人信服的；不能说服人的.无说服力的证据weakevidence7.noteasilyseenorheard微弱的；隐约的.微弱的光线/信号/声音aweaklight/signal/sound8.~point/spot(n.1.斑点2.污迹，脏点3.地点，场所4.~ofsth少量；一点)thepartofaperson’scharacter,anargument(论据，论点),etc.thatiseasytoattackorcriticize弱点；缺点；不足之处.这个队的弱点在防守。Theteam’sweakpointsareindefence.IDM:1.weakattheknees(informal)hardlyabletostandbecauseofemotion,fear,illness,etc.(因激动、恐惧、疾病等)两腿发软.他突然笑了笑使得她两膝发软。Hissuddensmilemadehergoweakattheknees.2.theweaklink(inthechain)thepointatwhichasystemoranorganizationismostlikelytofail薄弱环节.她径直攻击他的辩论中的一个薄弱环节。Shewentstraightfortheoneweaklinkinthechainofhisargument.weaken[ˈwi:kən]v.1.tomakesb./sth.lessstrongorpowerful;tobecomelessstrongorpowerful(使)虚弱，衰弱；减弱；削弱opposite:strengthen.[vn]这个队因伤实力减弱。Theteamhasbeenweakenedbyinjury.[v]他的权威日趋减弱。Hisauthorityissteadily(adv.稳步地，持续地，匀速地)weakening.2.tomakesb.lessphysicallystrong;tobecomelessphysicallystrong(使)虚弱，衰弱.[vn]爆炸松动了这座楼房的地基。Theexplosionhadweakenedthebuilding’sfoundations.[v]她觉得两腿无力。Shefeltherlegsweaken.3.tobecomeormakesb.becomelessdeterminedorcertainaboutsth.使(肯定程度)减弱；动摇；犹豫.[vn]什么也不能削弱他继续下去的决心。Nothingcouldweakenhisresolvetocontinue.(resolve[riˈzɔlv]n.[u]~(todosth.)(formal)strongdeterminationtoachievesth.决心；坚定的信念v.1.vt.解决(问题或困难)2.~(onsth./ondoingsth)决心；决定)weaklyadv.inaweakway虚弱地；软弱无力地；懦弱地；冷淡地weaknessn.1.[u]lackofstrength,powerordetermination软弱；虚弱；疲软；衰弱；懦弱2.[c]aweakpointinasystem,sb.’scharacter,etc.(系统、性格等的)弱点，缺点，不足3.[c,usuallysing.]~(forsth./sb.)difficultinresistingsth./sb.thatyoulikeverymuch(对人或事物的)迷恋，无法抗拒：.他爱吃巧克力。Hehasaweaknessforchocolate.2)interrupt[ˌɪntəˈrʌpt]v.1.~(sb./sth.)(withsth.)tosayordosth.thatmakessb.stopwhattheyaresayingordoing插嘴；打扰；打岔.[v]对不起打扰一下，有人要见你。Sorrytointerrupt,butthere’ssomeonetoseeyou.请你别老是插嘴好吗Wouldyoumindnotinterruptingallthetime[vn]我希望我没有打搅你。IhopeI’mnotinterruptingyou.他们被敲门声打断了。Theywereinterruptedbyaknockatthedoor.2.vt.tostopthecontinuousprogressofsth.forashorttime暂停；中断：.比赛因下雨中断了几次。Thegamewasinterruptedseveraltimesbyrain.3.vt.tostopaline,surface,view,etc.frombeingevenorcontinuous阻断，遮挡(连续线条、平面、景色等)interruption[ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃn]n.[c,u]1.somethingthattemporarily([ˌtempəˈrerɪlɪ]adv.暂时地)stopsanactivityorasituation;atimewhenanactivityisstopped阻断物；中断时间.我总算连续工作了两小时。Imanagedtoworkfortwohourswithoutinterruption.2.theactofinterruptingsb./sth.andofstoppingthemfromspeaking打扰；插嘴；打岔：.他没有理会她的打岔。Heignoredherinterruptions.她连续讲了20分钟。Shespokefor20minuteswithoutinterruption.9.ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!然后他微笑了一下告诉我说，我每年将得到1,000英镑的额外收入。1)extra[ˈekstrə]adj.,n.,adv.adj.morethanisusual,expected,orthanexistsalready额外的；分外的；外加的；附加的synonym:additional.星期天我通常要多睡一会儿。OnSundays,Iusuallygetsomeextrasleep.他上个月多得了100英镑。Lastmonth,hewaspaidanextrahundredpounds.供应早餐，不另收费。Breakfastisprovidedatnoextracharge.今晚在路上要格外小心。Takeextracareontheroadsthisevening.我需要一些额外的钱。Ineedsomeextramoney.n.1.athingthatisaddedtosth.thatisnotusual,standardornecessaryandthatcostsmore(sthadded,forwhichanextrachargeismade)额外的事物；另外收费的事物：.在这家旅店热水浴另外收费。Atthishotelahotbathisanextra.2.aspecialedition([iˈdiʃən]n.版次，版本；（报纸、杂志的）一份；)(=oneprinting)ofanewspaper[报纸的]号外.晚间最新号外！Lateeveningextra!3.apersonwhoisemployedtoplayaverysmallpartinafilm/movie,usuallyasamemberofacrowd(电影里的)临时演员，群众演员.我们拍摄战争场面需要数百名临时演员。Weneedhundredsofextrasforthebattlescenes.adv.1.inaddition;morethanisusual,expected,orexistsalready(additional(ly);beyondwhatisusualornecessary)额外；另外；外加.另外收费；另付；额外花费tocharge/pay/costextra晚饭