2022届上海市浦东区高三一模英语试题(含听力)Word版含解析

浦东新区2021学年度第一学期期末教学质量检测髙三英语试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分14（）分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题〉或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionAShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,vonwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.【此处呵播放相关音频，请去附件査看】A.Inaplane.

［答案】AA.Inaplane.

［答案】AB.Inarestaurant.C.Atacoffeebar.D.Atabank.【解析】【原义】M:Miss,canIhaveanothercupofcoffee?W:Yes，butyouhavetodiinkitfast,becausewe’llbelandingiu15minutesQ:XVheredoestlieconversationmostprobablytakeplace?【此处吋播放相关音频，请去附件査看】Afarawayvillage. B.Adeliciousbreakfast.C.Abeautifiilview. D.Aterrificmoniing.［答案】c【解沂】【原文】W:Thevie'vfromhereisterrific.Look!That'swherewehadbreakfastthismorning.M:You’reright.Icanseeacrossthevalley.

Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkrngabout?【此处播放相关音频，请去附件査看】Secretaiyandmanager. B.Shopassistantaudcustomer.C.Salespersonandbankclerk. D.Casluerandboss.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:CanIpayfortinspaiiofglassesbycreditcard?W:No,it’scashsaleonly.Q:^Vhat’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?【此处呵播放相关音频，请去附件S看】Tongue-tied. B.Confident. C.Absent-minded. D.Sliy【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ifeltsoembanassedtoday.Whenthebossaskedmeaquestion,Icouldn'tthinkofawordtosay.M:Iknowtliefeeling.Insimatioiislikethat，Ioftenfindmyselfatalossfbiwords.Q:Howwillthemailfeeluithewoman’ssituation9【此处"I播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Messupthebuffet. B.Embarrasshimselfmpublic.C.Jumpthequeue. D.Consumetoomucli.【答案】D【解析】【原义】M:Wow!Thisbuffetlooksfantastic.Ican'twaittostarteating.W:Becarefiil.Don'toverstuffyouiself.Rememberwhathappenedlasttimeyoucamehere.Q:Whatisthewomanwoniedthemanmaydo?【此处捕放相关音频，请去附件査看】B.Leavmgearly.D.Disliactmgher.B.Leavmgearly.D.Disliactmgher.C.Jokuigabouther.

【解析】【原义】W:FingladTim’sgone.Hewasgettingonmynenes.M:Iknowhewouldn’tstoptalkingtluoughthemovie.Q:5Vhatwasthewoman’scomplaintaboutTim?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件S看】Byinvolvinghuninauinvestmentproject.Bylendmghimsomemoney.Bylefemnghimtoherbrother.Byadvisinglumtoictueearly.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iwanttostartinvestingsomemoneytowardmyretirementyears，butIamnotsurewhatwouldbebest.W:Mybiotlieiisailinvestmentmanager.Hehelpspeoplemaketherightinvestmentchoices.Q:Howwillthewomanhelpthemail’【此处uj•播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Nlaiyappliedfordieloanfromabank.Maiydidaverygoodjobatuiiiveisitv.Mary’sunclefoiuidagoodjobforherNIary’suncleassistedherincollegeeducation.【答案】D【解析】【原义】W:Marywasfoitunateheruncle’sloanpavedthewayforhertostudyatuniversity.M:Yes.shewas.Nowlookather.Shehasagreatjobwithgoodprospects.Q:Whatcanwelearnfiointheconversation?【此处吋檑放相关音频.请去附件査看】Wliatcanwelearnfiomtheconversation?Themanlikesheartbreakingnovels. B.Thewomanisalsodrawntothenovel.C.Thenovel'splotishardtograsp.Thefameofllienovelissurprising.C.Thenovel'splotishardtograsp.Thefameofllienovelissurprising.【解析】【原义】M:Ireallyenjoyedreadingtheliaidcovernovel.Theunexpectedendmgtouchesmyheart.W:Really9Cailvonlendittome9Q:5Vhatcanwelearnftomtheconversation?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件査看】HewillstartlusnewjobnextMonday.Hewillneedtwoweekstofindareplacement.Hewilltelllusbossaboutthedecisiontoresign.Hewillcomplaintoliisbossabouttliecunenttreatment.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whendoyouthuikyouwillbeabletostartyournewposition9IsnextMondayokay?M:I’msony,butIhavenothadachancetouifbrmmycurrentbossaboutmyquitting,audItlunkIhavetogivehimtwoweeks’noticetofindareplacement.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?SectionBDirections:InSectionB，youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice，butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以卜‘小题。【此处UJ•播放相关音频，凊i附件査«】Whydopeoplewanttoeatlessmeat?Toreducetheenviioiimentalfootprintoftheiidiet.Torevealtlieiideclininginterestinfoodswitching.Tokeepthemselvesingoodshapefortheirage.Toencouragethemselvestofollowthetrend.Whichofthefollowingfoodsprobablyhasthegreatestimpacton(heenvironment?A.Steak. B.Fish.A.Steak. B.Fish.14.14.C.Clncken. D.Pork.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesthespeakersuggestwedo?Followavegetariandiet.Eatmoderateamountsofclucken.Rankthepricesbefoieeatingmeat.Choosecluckenorfishwheneatingmeat.【答案】ILA 12.A13.D【解析】【原文］Therearefewtopicsasdebatableasouidiet.Noonewantstobetoldwhattoeat.Yetafoodswitchingseemstobegamingpopulaiity.Moreandmoreofusareinterestedinleduciiigdieimpactofouidietontheenviioiunent.Specifically,wewanttoeatlessmeat.Whileall-outvegetarianismisbecomingmorepopular,it’sstillaminorityposition.ArecentsurveysuggeststharjustfivepercentofadultsintheUK,andthieepercentintheUSarevegetarian.Mostdontwanttoeliinuiateanimalproductscompletely,butdowanttocutback.Tinsraisesthequestionofnotjusthowmuchmeatweshouldear，burwhattypes.WeoftenTalkaboutsteak,lambchops,baconandchickenasifthey’reonalevelplayingfield.Just<meat’.Buttheirimpactsarevastlydifferent.Pergramofpiotein.beefhasalmosttentimesthecarbonfootpiintofclucken.Ituses23timesasmuchfannland.Ifweweretoranktheminorder:beefandlanibhavethelughestcost;porkhassigiuficantlvless;cluckenisevenlower;andmanytypesoffisharebetterstill.Tlusmeansthatifyouwanttoreducetheenviroiinienralfootprintofyourdiet,substitutingbeefandlambwithchickenandfishgetsyoureallyfar.Infact,thishasamuchlargerimpact(hanswitclungfromeatingmoderateamountsofchickentoavegetananorvegandiet.That’stherecommendationIgivetomostpeopleEatlessmeatoveiall,butalsoreplacethebeefsteakwithcluckenoxfisli.Questions:11.Whydopeoplewanttoeatlessmeat?Wliichofthefollowingfoodsprobablyhasthegreatestunpactoiltheenvironment9Accordmgtothepassage,whatdoesthespeakersuggestwedo?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处呵播放相关音频，请去附件査看】A.Exlubition. B.Facilities.A.Exlubition. B.Facilities.C.Entertainment. D.Films.15.It'smeaniiigfiilbutnofiui.It’sentertainingandinstructive.It’sinnovativeandwell-ieceived.DIt’sinformativebuthasitslimitation16.Afilmreviewonzoos.Areportaboutafilmrelease.Asurveyonzoologicalfacilities.Adocumentaiyaboutendaiigeiedspecies.【答案】14.B15.D16.A【解析】【原文】Likesomanynaturefilmsthesedays,thefilmEscapefromExtinctionbeginswitlithebadnews:alotofglobalheadlineshighlightingdiebadeffectofoilspillsandextremeweatheronlifeonEarth.TinsparticularfibiLduectedbyMatthewR.Biadv,thenfocusesonspeciestlueatenedbythesixthmassextinctionevent.Itsoonbecomesdifferentfiomotherenvironmentalfilms,becauseofitsuniqueopiniononthebestwayfbnvard:zoos.ActiessHelenMirreuassuresusthatzooshavechanged.Shesays，Onceconnectedwithexhibitionandentertainment,modernzoologicalfacilitiesareleadersinthefightagainstmassextinction.”Eveniftliatconnectionpassesyouby.itisimpossibletoignorethesupportforzoostliroughouttheworld.AsAmencanHumanepresidentRobinGanzeitsays,“TheonlyreasoncertainspeciesarealivetodayisthatzooshavesavedthemfromextinctionTheyareevensupportedinotherareassuchasmarinelife.Peoplerepeatedlyreferto'zoologicalfacilities^mordertomakezoossoundlikethereasonable,scientificchoice.Theonedungthefilmdoesdowellistomaketheproblemofexuncuonfeelurgent.Italsocallsforactionoversympathy.MiiTenaddstliatrepauiiigthedamagewe'vedonetotheenviromneutrequiresmoretlianabstractinspiiation.However，forme，despitethefilm’scentralmessagethatthecomingecologicalcollapsecallsfordieneedforzoos，whatisinurgentdemandisarestnicnirmgoftheeconomy,environmentalprotectionandrestoration,andThewilltoactnow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处呵播放相关音频•请去附作查看】17.A.Sheaskedclassmatesforadvice.Shemadeuseofonlinecourses.A.Sheaskedclassmatesforadvice.Shemadeuseofonlinecourses.D.Shemajoredinfilmmaking.Shetooksomeshonumversitvcourses.D.Shemajoredinfilmmaking.18.Becausetheyareimportantbutneglected.Becauseshemajorsinenvironmentatuiuversity.Becausetlievwilldefiiutelyattractmorefollowers.Becausesheisdissatisfiedwitlithepreviousvideos.19.A.Guilty. B.Suipnsed.C.Inspired. D.Disappointed.It’sadvisabletokeepalowkeyonlme.Asuccessfulvloggermustbeknowledgeable.Newideashelpaiousemteiestamongviewers.Updatingfrequencyisthemostimportanttokeepviewers.【答案】17.C18.A 19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:Lrnda，youare'vhat’scalledavlogger—youputonlmevideosthatyouhavemadefoipeopletowatch,mvouicaseaboutenviioiinientalissues.Howdidyouleaintodothat?W:Aruniversity，mydepartmentwasrumungthesecoursesforhelpuigpeoplebecomevloggers.soIwentalongtothose.Thereissomuchsniffaboutitonline，butIjustfounditconfusing.M:Whydidyouchoosetofocusonenviioimientalissues?W:It’sjustsometlungtliat1havebelievedisvitalforagesandIthuiktoolittleisbeingdone,soIwantedtohelp.M:Whafsyourmajor?Isitrelatedtoyourmajor9W:It’snotconnectedtowhatIamstudyingatuniversity,soitwasn’tlikeIgotadvicefromanyofinyclassmates.M:Howdidyoufeelwhenyourvideosfirstbecameahit?W:Iwasexpectingtoonlyhaveafex\rpeoplewatchingregularlyforyearsIcouldn’tbelievehowwrongIwasaboutthis.M:Doyouhaveanytipsfbitliosewhoaremterestedmvlogging0Forexample,howoftenshouldpeopleuploadvideosiftheywanttobecomesuccessful?W:Well,it’snotaboutthemoretliebetter,becausepeoplewillsoongetboredanditwillalsobehardfbiyoutocomeupwithnewideas.M:Sayonceamonth0W:That’snotgouigtowork,eitherIllmyopinion,aimingforweeklyisprobablyfrequentenoughM:Isee.Bytliewaywhafsyourlatestvideoabout?W:Lvejustfuushedasenesencouragingmorepeopletousebusesandtramsratherthantlieircars,butIllbemovmgonhowtoreusetilingsweusuallyrlirowawaylikeglassandplastic.M:Thatisamazing!Goodluck!Thanks,Linda!Questions:Howdidthewomanleamtomakevlogs?Accoiduistothewoman，wliydoesshefocusoneuviioiuuentalissues?Howdidthewomanfeelwhenhervlogsfirstbecameahit9Wliatcanbeinfenedfromtheconversation?ILGrammarandVocabularySectionADiiections:Afterreadingtliepassagebelow,filluitheblankstomakethepassagescoherenrandgrammaticallycollect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillmeachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fbidieotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ChildrensFineMotorSkillsUsuigaforktoeat,zippmgupasweatslui!aiidmnungadoorknobarealltliuigsmostpeopledowithoutthinknig.butcluldrenspendtheirearlyyearsdevelopmgandrefiningtheseabilities.Theyareknownasfinemotorskills,21_tliesmallmusclesofthehandswithadequatestrength,dexterity（灵巧）andcoordination（协调）tograspandcontrolobjectsaiidused.Itisfirmlybelieved _22一 later,finemotorskillsdohelpchildrentosucceedinschool.23_arealsoimportantinday-to-daylife.（watch）ababyusetheiruncoordinatedannsandlegsnughtbeadorable,buttheseearlyleactionsarepracticefordiefinemotorskillstlieVlleventuallydevelop.StephanieReich,aprofessoroftlie UniversityofCalifornia,toddlersneedtoiiicieasethecooidiiiationoffinemovementsinthepieschoolyears.一26一 cluldrengrowolder,tliesefinemotorskillswillimproveandbecomemorecomplex.Forexample,a4-yeai-oldmayholdacrayonwiththeirfist,usingthenwholehandtodraw.Butfive-year-oldscanstartusmgapencilbetweenthefirstandmiddlefiiigeisaudthumb,asadultscan.Theelementaryschoolyearsandbeyondsee27(advanced)finemotorskills,suchaswhencluldrenlearntoueshoesbetween5aud6yeaisold.Ataboutage7,(improve)peiiormancecanbeamazingly witnessed.However,eveiyclulddevelopsattheirownpace.Ifasinglemilestone，suchasusmgeatingutensils(餐A〉，_29一(delay)，itisn’tnecessarilycauseforconcern.Infact,whenwoikiiigoilfinemotorskillsintheclassroom,shortlessonsprovidethemostbenefitfoilearning..Plav-basedlearmngisalsooneoftliestrategiesthatarepreferred.Teachersmayalsousehand-eyecoorduiation-dieabilityofachikTseyes_30_(contiol)tlieiihandsandfingers-toworkwithchildrentoimprovefinemotorskills.Usingcomputers,especiallyakeyboardandmouse,alsohelpsyoungercluldrenwithfinemotorskills.【答艇】21.where22.tliat23.TlieyWatchuigAccordingtoAs27.moreadvanceduupiovedisdelayedtoconuol【解析】【分析】本文足一篇说明文。文章讲解了儿童的精细运动技能，最初儿童吋以做简单的动作，如拉拉链，用刀叉等，在接下來的时叫里，慢慢的孩子W以在口常生活和学习屮深化这些口常动作.提高这些精细的运动技能。【21题详解】考査定语从句。句意：它们被称为精细运动技能，即手部的肌肉只有足够的力鼠.灵活性和协调性來抓握和控制物体并加以使用。分析句子结构川■知，空格处沌该填选词来选接后面的从句，从句不缺少成分，用来修饰前而的“finemotorskillsM，**finemotorskills"在从句中充当地点状i/j，而要用where.,故填where(【22题详解】考S主语从句。句意：后来人们坚信.良好的运动技能确实有助于孩子在学校取得成功。句子中It作形式主语，真正的主语从句被后置.根据句意和句子结构"I知.主语从句不缺少成分.句意完整，耑要用(hat来引导。故填that。【23题详解】考查代阂。句他们在口常生活中也很重要，由句子结构分析■知，珣子缺少主诰，指代上一句的“finemotoiskills•*,所以填代阂，闪其指代兌数含义，需要用They,故填They。【24题详解】考查菲谓语动同。句意：旮嬰儿用他们不协调的胳膊和腿4能很＞4爱，但这些早期反成是为了练习他们最终发展的精细运动技能。分析句子结构，句子屮动词是mightbe,所以空格处要用非谓诰动词.watch和ababy之M足动宾关系，且表示伴随.滿要用动名词形式.位于句首.首字母谣大写。故填Watching..【25题详解】考査固定搭配。句意：根据加州人学的教授斯蒂芬妮•赖希所说.幼儿在学龄前需要增加细微动作的协调性。分析句子结构，句子成分完整。根据句意，句子怠思残缺，固定搭配accoidmgto“根据”符合语境，位于句首，首字母耑大写。故填Accordingtoo【26题详解】考E状语从句。句意：随着孩子们年龄的增长.这些精细的运动技能将得到提高.并变得更加S杂。分析句子结构，空格处吣填连词来引导从句，从句不缺少成分.根据句意，连词as“随着”符合语境.由as引导吋间状语从句。位于句首，首字母耑大写。故填As。【27题详解】考査形容同比较级。句意：小学及以后可以看到更进一步的精细运动技能，如当孩子5至6岁学会系鞋带。由44finemotorskillsMnJ•知，空格处应该填形容词，advanced形容词“先进的，进一步的"，结合语境，对比上文讲述4岁和5岁小孩子川•以做的掛情，那么5岁至6岁，即小学以后吋以看到更近一步的精细运动技能，因此要用形容词的比较级。故填moreadvancedo【28题详解】考E形容词词义辨析。句意：在7岁的吋候，我们可以惊奇地旮到他们的表现有所提高。分析句子结构可知，空格处沌填形容词修饰主uperformanceM,故填unproved。【29题详解】考査动词时态和语态。句意：如果一个单一的里程碑，比如使用餐只，被推迟，它不一定会引起关注。分析句子结构4知，if引导的从句缺少动词，主语足°asinglemilestoneM，与动间delay之间足披动关系，由语境nJ•知，表示卞实应该用一股现在时，所以空出要填-般现在时的彼动语态。故煩isdelayed。【30题详解】考査不定式。句意：老师也n]■以利用手眼协调能力 _孩子的眼睛，來控制他们的手和手指的能力一一来助孩子提高精细的运动技能。分析句子结构|小知，句中含有动词use.因此没空处沌该用非谓语动词.拫据句意老师川•以使用f•眼协调鞯能力去控制孩子的于和f•指的能力，为目的状语，tocontrol符合诰境。故填tocontrol。SectionBDirections:Fillmeachblankwithapiopeiwordchosenfiomthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanvouneed.housingB.leisurelyC.soughtD.referenceE.primarilyF.legGwinduigH.wildlyI.pioneeredJ.nizyorK.lughlight18thCenturyGrandTourofEuropeTheGrandTourbeganmthe16thcentuiyandgainedpopularitydurmgthe17thcenruiy.Privileged（舍.1$权）youiigEuropeangraduatesatrendwheretheyuaveledacrossthecontinentinsearchofaitandcultural experiencesuponthekgraduation.Tliispractice,wliicligrewtobe populai;becameknownastheGiaiidTour.Specialtyguidebooks,tourguides,andotlieraspectsofdietouristmdustrvweredevelopeddiuingtinsrimetomeettheneedsofwealtliv20-sometlungmaleandfemaletravelersastheyexploredtlieEuiopeancontinent.Theseyouiig.classically-educatedTouristswererichenoughtofundmultipleyearsabroadforthemselvesandtheytookfulladvantageofthis.Theyearnedlettersofandintroductionwiththemastheydepartedfrom southernEnglandToconinwnicatewithandleainfrompeopletheymetinotliercountiies.SomeTourists3Ltocontinuetheireducationandbroadentlieirhorizonswluleabroad,somewerejustafterfunand_35_travels,butmostdesiredacombinationofboth.AtypicaljourneythroughEuiopewaslongand_36_withmanystopsalongtheway.LondonwascommonlyusedasastartuispouitandtlieTourwasusuallykickedoffwithadifficulttripacrosstlieEnglishCliaimel.Crossingthewidechannelwasandisnoteasy.17th-and-18th-centuryTouristsriskedsea-sickness,illness,andevenshipwreckonthisfirstoftravel. GrandTouristswere_38_interestedmvisitingcitiesthatwereconsideredcentersofcultureatthetune，soPaus,Rome,audVenicewerenottobenussed.TheaverageGrandTouristtiaveledfromcitytocity,usuallyspendmgweeksinsnialleicitiesandmonthsintlietluee _39— ones.ThevastmajorityofTouriststookpartinsuiularacrivitiesduringtheirexplorationwithanatthecenterofitall.OnceaTouristarrivedatadestination，liewouldlookfor_40audsettleiiifbianywherefromweekstomonths,evenyears.Thoughcertauilynotanoverlytryingexperienceformost,theGrandTourpresentedauniquesetofchallengesfortravelerstoovercome.【答案】31.1 32.H33.D34.C35.B36.G37.F38.E3940.A39【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是18世纪欧洲之旅。【31题详解】考査动词和吋态。句意：享有特权的欧洲年轻毕业生开创了一种趋势，他们在毕业时走遍欧洲人陆，寻找艺术和文化体验。由“atrendwheretheytiaveledacrossthecontinent"nJ知.欧洲年轻毕业生开创了一种趋势，空格处是“开创”，通篇足一般过去吋.因此空格处是过去式pioneered.故选I。【32题详解】考S副词。句意：这种做法非常受欢迎.后来彼称为“人旅行”。空格处用副词修饰形容词，由后面的“becameknownastheGrandTour”可知，这种做法非常受欢迎，空格处意为“极其，非常”，足wildly.故选H。【33题详解】考S名词。句意：他们带着推荐信和介绍信离开英格兰南部，与他们在其他W家遇到的人交流和学习。由“lettersof”可知，空格处用名词，由“andintroduction”4知，他们带着的是推荐信和介绍信.letterofreference意为“推荐信”，闪此空格处reference,故选D。【34题详解】考查动同和吋态。句意：一些游客在_外寻求继续他们的教育和扩大他们的视野，一些人只足追求乐趣和悠闲的旅行•但人多数人希望两者的结合。曲“tocontinuetlieueducationandbroadentheuhorizonswhileabroad”可知，句子表示“游客在国外寻求继续他们的教育和扩大他们的视野”，空格处意为“寻求”.是seek.通篇时态是一股过去吋，空格处用过去式sought.故选C。【35题详解】考查形容同。句意：一些游客在国外寻求继续他们的教育和扩大他们的视野，一些人只是追求乐趣和悠闲的旅行，但人多数人希望两者的结合。空格处用形容词修饰名词travels，由前面的“川stafterfirn”吋知.句子表示“一些人只足追求乐趣和悠闲的旅行”，闪此空格处意为“悠闲的”，是形容同leisurdy.故选【36题详解】考査形容词。句意：典型的欧洲之旅漫长而曲折，沿途要停靠许多站。空格处用形容词作表语.由后面的“manystopsalongtheway”可知，句子表示“典型的欧洲之旅漫长而曲折.沿途要停靠许多站.空格处意为“蜿蜒曲折的”，是winding，故选G。【37题详解】考査名词。句意：在17和18世纪.游客们胃着辇船.生病W至海难的危险踏上了这段旅程的第一站。first后跟名阂的串数，由后面的“oftiavel”uj•知，句子表示“踏上了这段旅程的第一站”，空格处意为“（旅程或赛程的)一段，一程”，是leg,故选F。【38题详解】考查副同。句意：大游客们主要对参观当吋被认为是文化中心的城市感兴趣，所以巴黎、罗马和威尼斯S不容错过的。空格处用副词修饰形容词uiterested,||]“interestedinvisitingcitiesthatwereconsideredcentersofcultuieattlieume”吋知.人游客们主要对参观当时被认为足文化中心的城市感兴趣，空格处意为“主要地”，是副同primalily*故选E。【39题详解】考查形容同。句惫:一般的“大游客”会从一个城市到另一个城市旅行，通常会在小城市待上几周，在三人城市待上几个月。空格处用形容同修饰代词ones,由上义的“soParis.Rome，andVenicewerenottobemissed”吋知，游客在三大城市待上几个月，空格处足“大的”，Smajor,故选J。【40题详解】考査名词。句意：一旦游客到达一个目的地.他会寻找住房，并在任何地方安顿卜‘來，从几周到几个月，甚至几年。空格处用名词作宾语，由后面的“settlemforanywhere”可知，游客是寻找住房，空格处足“住房”•是名词housing.故选AoReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Directions:Foreachblankmtliefbllowingpassage,therearefouiwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordoiplirasethatbestfitsthecontext.Theword”adolescence"literallymeans"growingup"(fromtheLatinadolescere). .itdescribesadistinctstagebetweenchildlioodandadulthood,butmpracticeoftensimplydefinesthe"teenage"yeais.InmostWesternsocieties,theideaofadolescencewasnot_42_untilthe20thcentury;childhoodendedandadulthoodbeganatacenainage一typicallyat18.G.StanleyHall,apsychologistandeducator，inliis丄904bookAdolescence,wasthefirsttoexplorethe一・HallwasinfluencedbyDanvin'stheoiyofevolution,perceivingthatallchildhoods,especiallywithlegaidtobeliaviorandearlyphysicaldevelopment,reflectthecoiuseof_44_change,aiidthatweeachdevelopinaccordancewithourHancestralrecord”.OnekeyinfluenceonHallwastlie18th-centuiyMSturmandDrang"(StoiniandStress)movementofGermanwritersandmusicians,whichpromotedtotalfreedomofexpression.Halladolescenceas"Sturmand Diaug”；heconsidereditastageofemotionaldistuibanceaudicbelliou,withbehaviorlangingfromquietmoodinesstowild46 .Hestatedthatadolescents"areeagerforstrongfeelingsandnewsensations,whileroutineanddetailare _47一 ”.Awarenessofselfandrheenviroiinienrgreatlyincreases;everythingismorefelt,andsensationispursuedfbiitsownsake.ManyofHail*sfindingsare_49_illicsearclitoday.Hallbelievedthatadolescentsaieliiglilyaffectedbydepressionanddescribeda"curveofdespondency（消沉）"thatstartsattheageof1丄，at15,thenfalls steadilyuntiltlieageof23.Modemleseaichacknowledgesasimilaipattein.ThecausesofdepressiontliatHall aresuipnsinglvfamiliar:suspicionofbeingdislikedandhavmgseeminglyuisuperablecharacterfaults,aud"the52_ofhopelesslove”.Hebelievedtheself-consciousnessofadolescenceleadstocriticizmgselfandothers.Thisviewnurrorslaterstudies,whicharguethatteenagers1advanced skillsallowthemto"readbenveeudielines'whilealsointensif\rmgtheusensitivitytosituations.EvenHalfsclaimthatciimmalactivityismorecommonintheteenageyears，reacliiiigthetoparound18.still. However,Hallwasnottotallynegativeaboutadolescence."Adolescenceisanewashewrotein Youth:ItsEducation.Regiment,andHygiene,”foitliehigherandmorecompletelyhumanqualitiesarehowbom.”41.A.IntheoryB.InessenceC.IiicontrastD.Ingeneral42.A.exchangedB.recognizedC.uuposedD.uansformed43.A.differenceB.worldC.possibilityD.subject44.A.evolutionaryB.consequentialC.minimalD.stractuial45.A.employedB.interpretedC.treatedD.classified46.A.decision-makingB.problem-solvingC.iisk-takuigD.exaiuple-fbllowmg47.A.inexliaustibleB.intolerableC.inadequateD.instinctive48.A.keenlyB.hesitantlyC.slightlyD.oddly49.A.publishedB.revisedC.summaiizedD.echoed50.A.bouncesB.jumpsC.swingsD.peaks51.A.promotedB.eliminatedC.identifiedD.determined52.A.lackB.fancyC.claimD.power53.A.leasoiungB.copingC.socialD.verbal54.A.soundsone-sidedB.holdstineC.lemainsunknownsD.standsout55.A.trendB.outletC.birthD.model【答案］41.A 42.B43D 44.A45.B 46.C 47.B48.A 49.D 50.DC52.B53.A54.B55.C【解析】【分析】本文足一篇说明文，主要讲的足心理学家和教育家斯坦利•霍尔(GStanleyHall)在1904年出版的《靑春期》(Adolescence)—书屮对“靑舂期”这一主题的探讨。【41题详解】考E固定短语词义辨析。句意：理论上，它描述的是童年和成年之叫的一个明显阶段，但实际上.它通常只是简单地定义了“青少年”吋期oA.Intlieoiy理论上;B.Inessence本质上:C.Incontrast比较起来:D.Ingeneral通常。由后文的“butinpractice”可知，此处是说“在理论上”.即Intlieoiy,故选A。【42题详解】考查动词阂义辨析。句意：在火多数西方社会，靑春期的观念直到20世纪才被承认：童年结束，成年开始于某个年龄 通常足18岁。A.exchanged交换：B.recognized承认：C.imposed实施：D.transformed转换。由后文的“unulthe20thcentuiy”4知，靑春期的观念直到20世纪才被承认，故选B，【43题详解】考査名词词义辨析。句息：心理学家和教育家斯坦利•雷尔(GStanleyHall)在1904年出版的《青春期》(Adolescence)一书屮首次探讨/这一主题。A.diffeieuce不同之处：B.world世界：C.possibility可能性：D.subject主题。由前面的“inhis1904bookAdolescence”＜知，霍尔在《卉春期》中探i4丫靑春期这个主题，故选D，【44题详解】考查形容同词义辨析a句意：霍尔受到达尔文进化论的影响.他认为所行的童年，尤其是行为和早期身体发育.都反映了进化变化的过程.我们每个人都是按照我们的“祖先记录”发展WoA.evolutionary进化的:consequeuual随之ifif來的：C.mminial最小的:D.structuial结构的。由卜文的••influencedbvDaiwm'stheoryofevolution”可知，桓尔受到达尔文进化论的影响.认为所有的童年都反映了进化变化的过程，故选A。【45题详解】考查动阂同义辨析。句意:霍尔将靑春期解释为“狂飙时期”，A.employed雇拥:B.inteipieted解释:C.treated对待：D.classified分类。由后面的“as"SturmandDrang"”可知,霍尔将青春期解释为“狂飙时期”.故选B:【46题详解】考査名词词义辨析。句意：他认为这垃一个情绪紊乱和叛逆的阶段.行为从安静的容怒无常到疯狂的冒险。decision-making决策：B.problem-solving解决问题：C.risk-taking胃险：D.example-following效仿。由前面的“StumiandDrang’nl^a.句子表示“这个阶段的行为从安静的喜怒无常到疯狂的冒险”。故选C。【47题详解】考査形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，靑少年“渴望强烈的感觉和新的感觉.而常规和细节足无法忍受的’’。inexhaustible无穷无尽的：B.intolerable无法忍受的：C.inadequate不够的：D.instinctive本能的。由前面的“areeagerforstrongfeelingsandnewsensationsnuj知，句子表示“靑少年“渴望强烈的感觉和新的感觉，而常规和细节是无法忍受的””.故选B。【48题详解】考S副词词义辨析。句意：一切节物的感觉都更为敏锐，人们追求的足感觉本身。a.keenly敏锐地：B.hesitainly仇豫地:C.slightly轻微地:D.oddly占怪地。由前面的••Awaieuessofselfandtheenvironmentgreatlyincreases”吋知，他们对f|我和环境的意识人人提高，因此一切讲物的感觉都更为敏锐，故选A。【49题详解】考查动阂阂义辨析。句意：霍尔的许多发现在今天的研究巾得到了呼沌。A.published出版：B.revised修改:sunmwized总结：D.echoed附和。由后而的“Modemresearchacknowledgesasimilarpattern'*nf知，桓尔的许多发现在今天的研究中得到了呼砬，因此空格处足“附和”，故选D。【50题详解】考査动词词义辨析。句意：霍尔认为，靑少年深受抑郁的影响.并描述了一条“抑郁曲线”，从11岁开始.15岁达到顶峰.然后稳步下降，直到23岁。A.bounces反弹;B.jumps跳：C.swings摆动：D.peaks顶峰。由前面的“srarrs”和后面的“thenfallssteadily”4知，句子表示“从11岁开始.15岁达到顶峠.然后稳步下降”，故选D。【51题详解】考查动同同义辨析。绚意：翟尔所指出的抑郁症的原闪令人惊讶地熟悉：怀疑自己不受欢迎，有》似无法克服的性格缺点，以及“对无望的爱情的幻想”。A.promoted促进：B.eliminated去除：C.identified识别:determined决定。由前而的“ThecausesofdepiessionthatHall”nJ■知，此处指$尔所指出的抑郁症的原因，空格处是“识别”.故选C。【52题详解】考查名同同义辨析。句意：霍尔所指出的抑郁症的原闪今人惊冴地熟悉:怀疑A己不受欢迎，有咎似无法克服的性格缺点，以及“对无望的爱情的幻想”oA.lack缺乏:B.fancy幻想:C.claim声称：D.power权力。由后面的“ofhopelesslove”>4知，此处是指“对无望的爱情的幻想”，故选B。【53题详解】考査形容词词义辨析。句意，这一观点反映了后來的研究.后齐认为靑少年的高级推理能力使他们能够“读懂言外之意”,同时也增强了他们对环境的敏感性。A.reasoning推理的：B.coping闷对；C.social社会的：D.verbalII头的。由后文的“allowthemto"readbetweentlielines"Mi]J知，靑少年的高级推理能力使他们能够“读懂言外之意”，空格处S“推理的”，故选A。【54题详解】考查动阂短语间义辨析。句意：即使足霍尔所说的犯罪活动在靑少年时期更为苦遍.在1S岁左右达到顶峰的说法也仍然成立。A.soundsone-sided听起来一边倒：B.holdstrue沾用：C.icmaiiisunknowns仍然未知：D.standsout突出。⑴前而的“Modemresearchacknowledgesasiiiularpattern”可知，此处衣示“霍尔所说的在18岁左右达到顶峰的说法也仍然成立”，闪此空格处是“适用”，故选B。【55题详解】考査名词词义辨析。句意：正如他在《青年：教育，团体和卫生》一中所写的那样，“青春期是一种新生，因为更髙、更完整的人类素质是如何诞生的。wA.trend趋势;B.outlet分销点:C.birth出生：D.model校型。由后而的“fortlielugherandmorecompletelyhumanqualitiesarehowborn”"j知，此处足说“靑春期是一种新生”，故选C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B，CandD>Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)For38-year-oldJustinHerald,thejourneytowealthbeganoneSundaymonuiigatachurchmSydney'snorthwest，whenliewasinvolvedinaquaiielwithamemberofthechuichchon."Youliaveauattitudeproblem.Mshetoldhim.TheaccusationspaikedsometliuigmliuiLandheborrowedS50fiomlusbrothertoliavefourT-shirtsprmtedwitlitheslogan:”1don’thaveailattitudeproblem;youhaveaperceptionproblem."MItwasthebest$501everspent,"laughsHerald.Bytheendoftliemorning,hehadsoldthreeofthefourT-shins.Withthemoneyliemade,hehadanodiersixprinted,then12,then24."That