2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号11

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Thesenatorwasaccusedofwafflingonmajorissues.

问题1选项

A.vaguing

B.stiffening

C.vacillating

D.reshuffling

【答案】A

【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项vaguing“模糊的，含糊的，不明确的，暧昧的”；B选项stiffening“变硬，（使）变粘稠”；C选项vacillating“踌躇的，摇摆的”；D选项reshuffling“重新安排，重新排序”。句意：这位参议员被指责在重大问题上含糊其辞。Waffling“优柔寡断的，模糊不清的”，A选项与该词意思最相近，因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Inappealingthecaseagain,youwilljustbekickingagainstthe（）.

问题1选项

A.pricks

B.balls

C.guns

D.winds

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项pricks“（v.）戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛；（眼睛）发酸；（使）内心痛苦；驱使；（使）耳朵竖起；（n.）扎；戳孔；沮丧；赶牛棒；笨蛋；穿刺；针刺感；卑鄙的人”；B选项balls“（n.）球；（v.）把……捏成球状”；C选项guns“（n.）枪支；枪状物；持枪歹徒；（v.）用枪射击；加大油门快速前进；向……开枪；开大油门”；D选项wind“（n.）风；呼吸；气味；卷绕；（v.）缠绕；上发条；使弯曲；吹号角；绕住或缠住某人”。根据固定搭配kickagainstthepricks“以卵击石；徒劳的抵抗”可知该题选pricks。句意：你再提起上诉，那是在以卵击石。因此A选项正确。

3.单选题

Tenyearsoflivingwithamyotrophiclateralsclerosis,orA.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle;Dr.JulesLodishtypeswithtwitchesofhischeek,detectedbyasensorclippedtothisglasses.Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:“Istilllookforwardtoday.”

A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.Theprospectofbeingtrappedinaninertbodyandbeingtotallydependentonothersdrivesmanysuffererstosuicide.

WhenAttorneyGeneralJohnAshcroftattackedanOregonlawallowingdoctor-assistedsuicidein2001—acasethatisstillworkingitswaysthroughthelegalsystem—patientswiththediseasewereamongthosewhosupportedthelawincourt.

Butwhilethelegalcaseandmuchofthenationalattentionhavefocusedontheissueoftherighttodie,lessisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.

Withadequatemedicalcare,patientsoftencanliveforyearsrelativelyfreeofphysicalpainfromthediseaseitself.“It’smoreasortofexistential,psychicsortofpain,”saidDr.LeoMcCluskey,aneurologistinPhiladelphiawhotreatsmanypeoplewiththedisease.

Asaresult,patientsandtheirfamiliesareforced,onadailybasis,totakestockofthemeaningandqualityoftheirlivesandtomakerepeateddecisionsabouthowmuchistoomuch.

“WithA.L.S.,youhaveachoiceaboutwhentostoptreatment,lettingnaturetakeitscourse.”saidDr.LindaGanzini,aprofessorofpsychiatryatOregonHealthandScienceUniversityinPortland,whohasstudiedpatientsmakingend-of-lifedecisions.

Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness—perhapsamilestone“likegettingthelastkidofftocollege”saidDr.MellarP.Davis,aprofessorhematologyandmedicaloncologyattheClevelandClinic.

Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.

Manypatients,Dr.Ganzinisaid,havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem,andtheyareable,“tofindhopeinthefuture,findmeaningandtoleratethedailyongoinglossesthattheyareexperiencing.”

Dr.Lodish’sbodysitslimpinawheelchairandhistonguelolls;amachinebreathesforhimthroughatracheostomytubeinhisthroat.Helosttheabilitytotalkmorethanthreeyearsago,hesays,thenjokes,“Butnottheabilitytobeannoying.”

TherearenohalfmeasuresforDr.Lodish,ahematologistwhodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.Hewrotea30guideforhisnursesthatsetsstandardsforasterileenvironmentthatgobeyondhospitalpractices,rulesthathavehelpedhimavoidtheinfectionsthatkillmanypatients.Whenhecouldnolongereat,hedidtheresearchtocomeupwitharecipeforthenutrientblendthatflowsdownhisfeedingtube—evendeterminingthattheingredientswerekosher—andhetypedthetwoguidetoitspreparation,twitchbytwitch,withaspecialprogramonthelaptopthathelpshimtochoosewholewordsorphrasesfromscrollinglists.

Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation,andnowadvisespatientswithA.L.S.andtheirfamiliesonhowtoorganizetheirowncareandusethecommunicationdeviceshehasmastered.

“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell,”Dr.Lodishsaid.

Byholdingon,hesaid,hehasbeenabletoseemanyoflife’smilestones,includingthemarriagesoftwoofhisthreechildren.

Whenhisolderdaughter,ElizabethLester,becamepregnantwiththefirstgrandchild,sheaskedherfathertomaketheofficialfamilyannouncement.

“Hestillplaysthesameroleforme”shesaid,“Istillconsulthimonfinancialmattersandotherkindsofthings.”

Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.

1.A.L.S.isadiseasethat（）.

2.JulesLodish（）.

3.AllthefollowingarepossiblereasonswhythepatientswithA.L.S.canliveabetterlifeEXCEPT

（）.

4.Dr.LodishmanagestolivewithA.L.S.mainlybecausehe（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingtasksisNOTundertakenbyDr.JulesLodish?

问题1选项

A.causespeopletoparalyzeinstantly

B.makeseverymusclestopmovinggradually

C.ishighlycontagiousintheUnitedStates

D.isgeneticallydeterminedandcannotbecured

问题2选项

A.wantstocommitsuicide

B.supportsanOregonlaw

C.determinedtolivelonger

D.isbecomingunconscious

问题3选项

A.theyhaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare

B.theyhaveasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness

C.theyhavestrongreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem

D.theyhavegotastrongmentalsupportfrompeoplearound

问题4选项

A.ishavingexperthelp

B.knowshowtocopewiththedisease

C.iswell-equippedwithadvanceddevices

D.oftencommunicateswithotherpeople

问题5选项

A.Treatingalotofcancerpatients.

B.Devisinghisowntreatmentplan.

C.Providingmedicalconsultation.

D.Communicatingwithmanypeople.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“A.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle（A.L.S是一种渐进性的麻痹性疾病，几乎使每一块肌肉都停止活动）”和第二段“A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.（肌萎缩性侧索硬化症或卢伽雷氏症，常被描述为一种活死人。身体会变得松弛，而头脑却保持完整和敏锐的意识。）”，由此可推断出肌萎缩性侧索硬化症使肌肉病变会有一个循序渐进的过程。A选项“使人立即瘫痪”说法错误；B选项“使每一块肌肉逐渐停止活动”符合题意；C选项“在美国是高度传染性的”和D选项“是由基因决定的，不能治愈”文章都没有提到。因此B选项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:Istilllookforwardtoday.（但当人们问洛迪什对自己的生活有何感想时，他的眼神流露出了身体所没有的那种强烈感，他回答说：我仍然期待着。）”和第四段“lessisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.（但对于那些像洛迪什医生一样想要活下去的病人，人们却知之甚少。）”，由此可推断出Dr.Lodish虽然被肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症折磨，但他仍不失积极乐观的心态，对生活充满期待，决定好好生活与病魔抗争到底。A选项“想自杀”说法错误；B选项“支持俄勒冈州一项（允许医生协助自杀的）法律”文章没有提到；C选项“决心活得更长”符合题意；D选项“正在变得失去意识”说法错误。因此C选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第八段“Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness…（专家说，让许多病人活下来的，是一种未完的事业感……）”；第九段“Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.（那些做得最好的病人是那些拥有涵盖护理和医疗护理的保险，使他们能够避免一些与疾病相关的主要健康风险的人，以及那些家庭成员在得不到专家帮助时可以支付时间的人。）”以及第十段“havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem（许多患者都有深刻的宗教信仰，这些信仰帮助他们维持生命）”，因此A选项“他们有涵盖护理和医疗的保险”；B选项“他们有一种未完的事业感”以及C选项“他们有强烈的宗教信仰来支持他们”在文中都有提到，只有D选项“他们从周围的人那里得到了强大的精神支持”文章没有提及，因此D选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第十三段“Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.（这条与世界相连的线让他与家人和朋友保持联系，让他成为他们生活中重要的一部分。）”以及第十四段“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell（具有讽刺意味的是，我现在和很多人交流的次数比我健康时还多）”，由此可知Dr.Lodish与病魔作斗争是通过经常与他人沟通交流，分享生命中的点滴。A选项“正在接受专家的帮助”；B选项“知道如何对付这种疾病”；C选项“配备了先进的设备”都不是主要原因，只有D选项“经常与他人交流”符合题意，因此D选项正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第十二段“whodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.（他设计了自己复杂而详细的治疗方案。）”；第十三段“Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation…（这条与世界相连的线让他与家人和朋友保持联系，让他成为他们生活中重要的一部分。他继续提供医疗咨询……）”，由此可知B选项“制定自己的治疗方案”；C选项“提供医疗咨询”和D选项“与许多人交流”说法正确，文章都有提及，而A选项“治疗了很多癌症患者”可定位到文章最后一段“Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.（洛迪什说，他自己想活下去的决心，在一定程度上来自于他长期治疗癌症患者的经验，这些患者常常觉得确诊就等于判了死刑。）”，该段落只说了Dr.Lodish想活下去的决心来自治疗癌症患者的经验，并没有直接说他治疗了很多癌症患者，因此A选项符合题意，A选项正确。

4.单选题

ThomasJefferson’sachievementsasanarchitectrivalhiscontributions（）apolitician.

问题1选项

A.such

B.than

C.as

D.more

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句式。As…as…“与……一样”。句意：托马斯•杰斐逊作为建筑师的成就与他作为政治家的贡献不相上下。因此C选项正确。

5.单选题

BarackObamarevsupontheenvironmentbylettingstatessetcar-emissionsstandards.

问题1选项

A.landsup

B.botchesup

C.startsup

D.sharksup

【答案】C

【解析】考查近义短语辨析。A选项landup“到达终点；最终成为；使淤塞”；B选项botchup“搞坏；弄糟”；C选项startup“开始；发动；突然站起；突然出现”；D选项sharkup“敲诈”。句意：巴拉克•奥巴马（BarackObama）通过让各州设定汽车排放标准来加速环境保护。revup“使更活跃；使快转；加速”。与该词组意思最接近的是C选项，因此C选项正确。

6.单选题

Thecommissionwouldfinditself（）ateveryturnifitsmemberscouldn’treachanagreement.

问题1选项

A.collided

B.savaged

C.crumbled

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项collided“（偶然）碰撞，冲突，（不同的观念、想法等）碰撞（而产生有趣结果）”；B选项savaged“乱咬，粗暴的对待，凶猛地攻击”；C选项crumbled“弄碎，破碎”；D选项hampered“阻碍，限制”。句意：如果委员们不能达成一致意见，该委员会将处处受阻。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Iwouldratherhavehis（）thanhiscompany.

问题1选项

A.room

B.house

C.coat

D.assets

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项room“房间；空间；余地；机会；房间里所有的人”；B选项house“住宅；家庭；机构；议会；某种用途的建筑物”；C选项coat“外套；上衣；大衣；女大衣”；D选项assets“资产；宝贵的人才；有益的品质；财产；有利条件；有价值的人或物”。ratherhaveone’sroomthanhiscompany“不愿与某人结伴为伍”，与preferone’sroomtohiscompany同义。句意：我不愿与他结伴为伍。

8.单选题

Themarksmanwaitedforthepheasantto（）cover.

问题1选项

A.seek

B.break

C.get

D.take

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项seek“寻求；寻找；探索；搜索”；B选项break“打破；骨折；违犯；弄坏；失灵；打断；终止”；C选项get“使得；获得；受到；变成；成为；变得；到达”；D选项take“拿，取；带去；使达到；偷走；夺取；买下”。根据固定搭配breakcover“跳出来；跳出躲藏处；从隐藏处出来”可知该题选break。句意：狙击手等着这只野鸡从隐蔽处出来。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

Ididn’tcalltomakemyairlinereservation,butI（）.

问题1选项

A.shouldhave

B.mayhave

C.musthave

D.shallhave

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。A选项shouldhave“本该做却没有做”；B选项mayhave通常接过去分词，用于虚拟语气，表示“过去可能”；C选项musthavedone表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过），如果musthavedone与bynow连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作；D选项shallhavedone通常用来表示将来完成时。句意：我没有打电话订机票，但我应该打电话订的。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

AnemergencyrightsissuebyHBOSwasaflop:only8.3%oftheBritishbank’ssharesweretakenupbyinvestors.

问题1选项

A.misfeasance

B.washout

C.flame

D.optima

【答案】B

【解析】考查近义名词辨析。A选项misfeasance“过失；行为失检；不当行为”；B选项washout“冲刷；失败者”；C选项flame“火焰；热情；光辉”；D选项optima“最合适条件；最佳状态”。句意：苏格兰哈里法克斯银行（HBOS）的一次紧急配股发行失败了：投资者只认购了这家英国银行8.3%的股份。flop“彻底失败，不成功；沉重、松散又笨拙的动作”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Agoodmanyhouses（）knockeddownbytheearthquake.

问题1选项

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态。根据题干中的houses可知空格处的be动词应填复数形式，故排除A选项和C选项。句意：许多房子在地震中被震垮了。根据句意可知地震是过去发生的事情，所以用wereknockeddown，即被动式的过去，因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

Whatamazesmeishercompletedisregardforanyone.

问题1选项

A.ignorance

B.bias

C.focus

D.emphasis

【答案】A

【解析】考查同义名词辨析。A选项ignorance“无知，愚昧，不知，不懂，忽视”；B选项bias“偏见，偏爱，斜纹”；C选项focus“焦点，中心，清晰；焦距”；D选项emphasis“重点，强调，加强语气”。句意：使我吃惊的是她对任何人都漠不关心。Disregard“忽视，无视，不尊重”，A选项与该词词义最相近，因此A选项正确。

13.单选题

Ididn’treadtheblurb;I（）straightintothefirstchapter.

问题1选项

A.dived

B.ran

C.plunged

D.read

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项diveinto“迅速把手伸入；投入；一心投入；跳入（指的是跳水标准动作，运动员的那种头朝下的）”；B选项runinto“遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇见”；C选项plungeinto“投入；跳入（主要指暴力一些的进入，比如车失控冲进水里；人郁闷地把头埋进冷水盆里）；突然或仓促地开始某事；猛冲；使突然陷入；纵身投入”；D选项readinto“曲解；加上另外的意思于；隐藏某种意义”。句意：我没有读简介，直接仓促地开始读第一章。因此C选项正确。

14.单选题

The（）inDavid’scharacterhashinderedhimfromadvancinginhiscareer.

问题1选项

A.weakness

B.shortcoming

C.demerit

D.defect

【答案】D

【解析】考查同义名词辨析。A选项weakness“指人性格、品行方面的弱点，或体制、组织、设计等方面的缺陷（强调弱点）”；B选项shortcoming“指某人或某事物所存在的不足或缺陷，通常用复数”；C选项demerit“是很正式的词语，表示事物的缺点”；D选项defect“指事物的缺点或人性格上的缺点，一般指较大的缺点、缺陷。”某某人的shortcoming是可以改的；但是某某人的weakness是需要那个人自己去克服；shortcoming只能用来指人的缺点；weakness可以用在人以外的东西上。句意：大卫性格上的缺陷阻碍了他在事业上的发展。因此D选项正确。

15.单选题

Redeemingyourcarfromthe（）canbeexpensive.

问题1选项

A.base

B.pound

C.ground

D.parkinglot

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项base“基底；基础；基地；基本成分”；B选项pound“英镑；重击；违章停车车辆扣留场；流浪狗收留所”；C选项ground“地面；土地；范围；战场”；D选项parkinglot“停车场”。句意：从车管所赎回被扣的汽车可能要花很多钱。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

Pricetouchedsomethingnear（）bottomthisyear.

问题1选项

A.cap

B.water

C.rock

D.pot

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项cap“盖；帽子；脱帽致意；覆盖；胜过；给……戴帽；加盖于”；B选项water“水；海水；雨水；海域，大片的水”；C选项rock“岩石；摇滚乐；暗礁；摇晃”；D选项pot“壶；盆；罐；把……装罐；射击；节略”。根据固定搭配rockbottom“最低点；受挫”可知该题选rock。句意：这一年物价接近低谷。因此C选项正确。

17.单选题

TheHumanStain,directedbyRobertBentonfromascreenplaybyNicholasMeyer,isanhonorableB+termpaperofamovie:sober,scrupulousandearnestlyrespectfulofitsliterarysource.Thisispreciselytheproblem:thatsource,PhilipRoth’s2000novelisnotespeciallysober,scrupulousorrespectful.Itisanangry,ungainlysquallyofabook,aclamorousdefenseofsexualvitalityinanageofPuritancensoriousnessandalyricalinquiryintothemysteriesofrace,oldageandrecent.Americanhistory.LikemuchofMr.Roth’srecentwork,TheHumanStainburstswithcharactersandideas,anditsapparentlyhaphazardorganizationdisguisesanelegantandcunningnarrativestrategy.

ThefilmmakersexplicateMr.Roth’sthemeswithadmirableclarityandcareandobservehischaracterswithdelicatefondness,buttheycannothopetoapproximatethebrillianceandrapacityofhisvoice,whichholdsallthenovels’disparateelementstogether.WithouttheactiveinterventionofMr.Roth’sintelligencethestoryfailstocohere.Itspeoplewanderthroughastrangelyartificiallandscape,andtheideashoverintheairabovethemlikecloudspaintedonabackdrop.

ZuckermanplayedbyGarySinisehasretreatedtoalakesidecabininNewEngland,hopingtofindpeaceandquietaftertwodivorcesandaboutofprostatecancer.

HissolitudeisinterruptedonenightbythearrivalofColemanSilkplayedbyAnthonyHopkins,aformerdeanandclassicsprofessoratnearbyAthenaCollege,whowasforcedtoresignafterbeingaccusedofmakingracistremarksduringalecture.Coleman,whosewifediedsuddenlyinthewakeofthescandal,wantstotakerevengeonhisformercolleaguesbywritingabook.HeputsthisprojectasideoncehefallsintoarevivifyingaffairwithFauniaFarleyplayedbyNicoleKidman,adamaged,desolateandilliterate34-year-oldwhodoesmenialjobsatthecollege,thepostofficeandalocaldairyfarmTheirsexualidyllismenacedbythefacultybusybodieswhochasedColemanfromhisjob,andalsobyFaunia’sformerhusband,Lester(EdHarris),aderangedVietnamveteranwhosuedtobeatherandnowstalksherinhisbigredpickuptruck.

Whatkeepsthemovie,whichopenstodaynationwide,fromdriftingintheSargassoSeaofliteraryhigh-mindednessisthevitalityoftheacting.Mr.Bentionisthekindofdirectorwhoseaffectionandrespectforactorsseepthroughthescreen;hissolicitudeseemstoopenthemup.

ThatMr.HopkinsandMs.Kidmanaremiscastisalmostaxiomatic.Ms.Kidmantriestoovercomethisbysheerforceofwill,strugglingtostiflehernaturalradiance,blunthercrystallinevoiceandblurherfinefeatures,andshecomesclosertosucceedingthanyoumightexpect.Mr.Hopkins,forhispart,mustbattleamoreglaringdiscrepancy,andhedoessowithswingingnonchalance.ColemanSilkisablackmanwhohaspassedforwhiteformostofhisadultlife,stylinghimselfasthefirstJewishclassicisteverhiredatAthena.

Thesepeculiaritiesofcastingmatterlessthantheymight;orratherhowmuchtheymatterchangesfromscenetoscene.Thefilmincludessomesex,aboxingmatchandanoccasionalburstofdancing,butmostoftheactionconsistsoftwocharactersinaroomtalking.Someofthesemoments-alateconfrontationbetweenLesterandZuckerman,abreakfasttablequarrelbetweenFaunniaandColeman,ameetingofthemindsbetweenFaunniaandalarge,cagedcrow-areawkwardlypacedandplaced,butmanyothersarealivewithhumanpainandheat.

Someofthebestperformancesareinsecondaryroles.JacindaBarrettiswonderfullytouchingasColeman’sfirstgreatlove,ablondMidwesternertowhomhedecides,heedlesslyandalittlecruelly,todivulgethesecretofhisrace.Ms.Snuth,herfaceamaskofmaternalstoicism,bringshomethetragedyofColeman’sdecisiontopassforwhitewithaspeechsodrilyandevenlyenunciatedthatitslaceratinginsightonlyregistersoncethecamerahasturnedaway.

Atitsbeat-whichalsotendstobeatitsquietes—TheHumanStainallowsyoubothtocareaboutitscharactersandtothinkaboutthelargerissuesthattheirlivesrepresent.Itsdeepestflawisaninabilitytolinkthosemomentsofempathyandinsightintoacontinuousdrama,tosuggestthatthecharacters’liveskeepgoingwhentheyarenotonscreen.Thefilm’spowerfulindividualscenesseemlikeexcerptsfromamissingwhole,well-appointedroomsinahousewhosebeamsandgirdershavebeencutaway.

1.ThehumanStainisa（）.

2.TheHumanStain（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingistheflawofTheHumanStainintheauthor’sopinion?

4.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeapossiblecommentmadebytheauthor?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsTheHumanStainis（）.

问题1选项

A.respectablescreenplay

B.scrupulousnovel

C.characteristicbook

D.moviewithmanycharacters

问题2选项

A.Failstomakethestorycoherent

B.wasproducedbyagoodwriter

C.hasthebestactorsandactresses

D.isfullofmysteriouslandscapes

问题3选项

A.Itisnotfromagoodscreenplay.

B.Someactorsarenotsuitablefortheirroles.

C.Thereistoomuchtalkingbetweenpeople.

D.Ms.KidmanandMr.Hopkinsarepooractors.

问题4选项

A.TheHumanStainismysteriousandunscrupulous.

B.TheHumanStainissober,scrupulousandrespectful.

C.TheHumanStaindoesnottellusacoherentstory.

D.TheHumanStainwellrevealshumanweaknesses.

问题5选项

A.negative

B.positive

C.neutral

D.sympathetic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题题。由题干可定位到文章第一段第一句“TheHumanStain,directedbyRobertBentonfromascreenplaybyNicholasMeyer,isanhonorableB+termpaperofamovie:sober,scrupulousandearnestlyrespectfulofitsliterarysource.（改编自NicholasMeyer的剧本，由RobertBenton执导的《人性的污点》是一篇令人尊敬的关于电影的B+学期论文报告：冷静、谨慎、认真地尊重它的文学来源。）”。由此可知《人性的污点》是一篇学期论文报告。A选项“值得尊敬的剧本”；B选项“谨慎的小说”；C选项“特色书籍”；D选项“有许多角色的电影”，因此C选项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据题干定位到文章第二段的第二句话“WithouttheactiveinterventionofMr.Roth’sintelligencethestoryfailstocohere.（如果没有Mr.Roth的参与，本书所述的衔接就成了问题）”。由此可知该书有一位很好的作者。A选项“不能使故事连贯”说法错误；B选项“是一位好作家写的”正确；C选项“有最好的男女演员”和D选项“充满了神秘的风景”文章都没有提到，因此B选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干定位到文章第六段第一句“ThatMr.HopkinsandMs.Kidmanaremiscastisalmostaxiomatic.（霍普金斯先生和基德曼女士选错角色几乎是不言自明的。）”。由此可知作者认为有些演员并不适合其角色扮演。A选项“它不是出自一个好的剧本”；C选项“角色之间的对话太多了”；D选项“基德曼女士和霍普金斯先生都是可怜的演员”都不符合题意，B选项“有些演员不适合他们的角色”符合题意，因此B选项正确。

4.作者意图题。根据全文可知，作者描述了《人性的污点》中的主要情节以及主要人物的命运，最后一段作者说道“Atitsbeat-whichalsotendstobeatitsquietest——TheHumanStainallowsyoubothtocareaboutitscharactersandtothinkaboutthelargerissuesthattheirlivesrepresent.（关于它的节奏，往往是最安静的——《人性的污点》让你既关心它的人物，并思考他们的生活所代表的更大的问题。）”，由此可知作者对该书的认识很深刻。A选项“《人类的污点》是神秘而不讲道德的”；B选项“《人类的污点》是冷静、细心、恭敬的”；C选项“《人类的污点》并没有告诉我们一个连贯的故事”；都不太符合题意。D选项“《人类的污点》充分暴露了人类的弱点”最符合题意，因此D选项正确。

5.观点态度题。由最后一段“Itsdeepestflawisaninabilitytolinkthosemomentsofempathyandinsightintoacontinuousdrama,tosuggestthatthecharacters’liveskeepgoingwhentheyarenotonscreen.（它最大的缺陷是无法将这些同理心和洞察力与持续不断的剧情联系起来，无法暗示出角色不在屏幕上时，他们的生活仍在继续。）”可知作者指出本书有成功的一面也有一些缺陷。A选项“消极的”、B选项“积极的”、D选项“同情的”都不正确，C选项“中肯的”符合题意，因此C选项正确。

18.单选题

AfterthreeweeksoffruitlesshagglingwithPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahu,theObamaadministrationhasgivenupitseffortstopersuadetheIsraeligovernmenttofreezeconstructionofJewishsettlementsfor90days,asenioradministrationofficialsaidTuesday.

ThedecisionleavesMiddleEastpeacetalksinflux,withthePalestiniansrefusingtoresumedirectnegotiationsabsentamoratoriumtheUnitedStatesstrugglingtofindanotherformulatobringthembacktothetable.Itisanothersetbackinwhathasprovedtobeastar-crossedcampaignbyPresidentObama.

Theadministrationdecidedtopulltheplug,officialssaid,becauseitconcludedthatevenifMr.Netanyahupersuadedhiscabinettoacceptafreeze—whichhehadnotyetbeenabletodo—the90-daynegotiatingperiodwouldnothaveproducedtheprogressoncoreissuesthattheUnitedStatesoriginallyhadsought.

AdministrationofficialsdidnotofferaPlanBtorevivethetalks,andanalystssaiditwasnotclearthattheadministrationhadone,beyondageneralcommitmenttokeeptalkingtotheIsraelisandPalestiniansaboutthemajorissuesthatdividethem:borders,securityandthestatusofJerusalem,amongothers.

Apreviewoftheadministration’snextmovecouldcomeinanaddressonMiddleEastpolicythatSecretaryofStateHillaryRodhamClintonisscheduledtodeliveronFridayattheBrookingsInstitution.Buttheadministration’sstrategyappearedtobeunsettled.

“Wisely,inmyview,theadministrationisbendingtoreality,”saidRobertMalley,apeacenegotiatorintheClintonadministration,“Themostlikelyscenarioisthatthismoratoriumwasgoingtobuythemashortreprieve,andwasthengoingtoplungethemintothesamecrisistheywereinbefore”.

NeithertheIsraelisnorthePalestiniansissuedaresponsetothenews.ButadministrationofficialssaidtheUnitedStatesmadethedecisionafterconsultationsbetweenMrs.ClintonandMr.Netanyahu.Thetwohadhammeredouttheagreementona90-dayfreeze,whichMr.NetanyahulatersaidhecouldnotselltohiscabinetwithoutwrittensecurityassurancesfromtheAmericans.

Thoseassurances,whichincluded20F-35stealthairplanesandanAmericanpledgetovetoanti-IsraelresolutionsattheUnitedNations,wereneverdeliveredtotheIsraelis.Whilethatpackageisnowoffthetable,anofficialsaid,hereiteratedthattheUnitedStateswouldcontinuetoprotectIsrael’ssecurityandfighteffortstochallengeitslegitimacyininternationalorganizations.

Intheshortrun,analystssaidthefailureraisedquestionsaboutMr.Netanyahu’scapacitytonegotiateafinaldeal.

ButthePalestiniansalsoshiftedtheirposition,insistingthatasettlementfreezemustincludeEastJerusalemaswellastheWestBank.Israel’sinitial10-monthmoratoriumincludedonlytheWestBank.TheUnitedStatesneveraskedMr.NetanyahutoexpandittoJerusalem,andanalystssaidMr.Netanyahuwouldneverhavebeenabletopersuadehisright-wingcabinettogoalongwithit.

Therewerealsodeeplydivergentviewsaboutwhatthetwosideswoulddiscussduringthe90days,officialssaid.ThePalestinianswantedthetalkstofocustightlyonthebordersofafuturePalestinianstate.Mr.Netanyahuresistedthat,sayingthetwosidesmustdiscussthefullgamutofissuesratherthanjustborders.

Mr.ObamabegandirectnegotiationswithgreathooplainearlySeptember,butthetalksgroundtoahaltwithinweeksovertheissueofsettlements.Aftermeetingthreetimesinthatmonth,Mr.NetanyahuandthePalestinianAuthoritypresident,MahmoudAbbas,havenotsatdownsincethen.

1.Astar-crossedcampaignreferstoa(n)（）one.

2.Theadministration’snextmoveisaboutto（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Ashortreprievereferstoashort（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingservestobethebesttitleofthispassage?

问题1选项

A.unhappy

B.confused

C.transient

D.shining

问题2选项

A.bendtothereality

B.vetoanti-IsraeliresolutionsattheUnitedNations

C.expandasettlementfreezetoJerusalem

D.hanginthebalance

问题3选项

A.ThewrittensecurityassurancesfromtheAmericanswereneverdeliveredtotheIsraelis.

B.Israel’sinitial10-monthmoratoriumincludedonlytheWestBank.

C.ThePalestinianswantedthetalkstofocustightlyontheborderofafuturePalestinianstate.

D.Mr.Netanyahuhammeredouttheagreementona90-dayfreezewithObama.

问题4选项

A.respite

B.retraction

C.reproof

D.repository

问题5选项

A.Mr.Obamabegandirectnegotiationswithgreathoopla.

B.U.S.dropsbidtoswayIsraelonsettlements.

C.TheIsraelisandPalestiniansareatcrossedpurposes.

D.TheMiddleEastpeacetalksareinflux.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Itisanothersetbackinwhathasprovedtobeastar-crossedcampaignbyPresidentObama.（这是奥巴马总统短期尝试中的又一次挫折。）”，star-crossed本意是时运不济的，倒霉的，但在文中提到美国政府在首次尝试失败后，想通过其他方法让巴勒斯坦政府重新回到谈判桌上。较之前奥巴马政府已经证实了的短期尝试来说这又是一大阻碍。A选项“不快乐的；不幸福的；不适当的”；B选项“困惑的；混乱的；糊涂的”；C选项transient“短暂的；路过的”；D选项“光亮的；华丽的；杰出的”，因此C选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第六段“Wisely,inmyview,theadministrationisbendingtoreality（在我看来，明智的做法是，政府正在向现实屈服）”。A选项“屈从于现实”正确；B选项“在联合国否决反以色列决议”和C选项“扩大对耶路撒冷定居点的冻结”以及D选项“悬而未决”都不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第八段“Thoseassurances,whichincluded20F-35stealthairplanesandanAmericanpledgetovetoanti-IsraelresolutionsattheUnitedNations,wereneverdeliveredtotheIsraelis.（这些保证包括20架F-35隐形飞机，以及美国承诺在联合国否决反以色列决议，但从未向以色列提供。）”和第十段“Israel’sinitial10-monthmoratoriumincludedonlytheWestBank.（以色列最初的10个月禁令只包括约旦河西岸。）”以及第七段“Thetwohadhammeredouttheagreementona90-dayfreeze（双方敲定了为期90天的冻结协议）”，由此可知A选项“美国人的书面安全保证从未交给以色列人”；B选项“以色列最初的10个月禁令只包括约旦河西岸。”和D选项“内塔尼亚胡与奥巴马敲定了为期90天的冻结协议。”文中都有提到，C选项“巴勒斯坦人希望谈判集中讨论未来巴勒斯坦国的边界问题。”文章中没有提及，因此C选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据题干可定位到文章第六段“Themostlikelyscenarioisthatthismoratoriumwasgoingtobuythemashortreprieve,andwasthengoingtoplungethemintothesamecrisistheywereinbefore.（最有可能的情况是该中止计划仅为暂缓之计，之后他们将会再一次陷入与以前同样的危机之中）”。A选项“缓解；暂缓；暂时的休息；缓期执行”正确；B选项“撤回，撤销；收回”和C选项“责备；谴责”以及D选项“贮藏室，仓库；知识库；智囊团”均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。联系原文可知该文章是一篇新闻报道，该类文本的主题句一般都在开头或结尾。文章第一句说到“AfterthreeweeksoffruitlesshagglingwithPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahu,theObamaadministrationhasgivenupitseffortstopersuadetheIsraeligovernmentto