2023年北师大版高三英语高考一轮复习Unit 3 Conservation词句文精讲精练含答案

Unit3Conservation一.核心词精讲Extinctions,whereentirespeciesarewipedout,arenotunusualinourEarth'shistory.wipeout①把……擦干净；②使疲惫不堪；③彻底消灭，全部摧毁。e.g.Makesuretheinsideofthecoffeepotisthoroughlywipedout.Allthattravellinghaswipedherout.Thetownwascompletelywipedoutbytheearthquake.【拓展】wipeaway擦掉，清除掉wipedown从上到下擦干净wipeoff①擦掉，刷掠②把……擦干净③把……一笔勾销wipeup①擦干（杯、盘等）②把……用布揩掉Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therateatwhichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.dieout①灭绝，灭亡;②逐渐消失；③熄灭。e.g.Manyanimalsareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivity.SomeofthetraditionalcustomsaredyingoutinChina.Ittookalongtimebeforethebigfirediedout.【拓展】dieaway（指声音、光、风等）变弱，逐渐消失，渐渐停止diedown变弱，逐渐消失，渐渐停止（与dieaway同义）;（激动的心情）平静下来diefrom/of因而死dieoff相继死亡Thistime,humanactivitywillbetoblame.blame既可作动词，也可作名词。作动词时，意为“责备，责怪；归咎于常用搭配：eruptions,asteroidshittingtheEarthfromspace,changesinseallevels,thedecreaseoftheoxygencontentoftheseaandglobalwarming.ManyscientistssaywearenowenteringtheEarth'ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,humanactivitywillbetoblame.5itisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therate6whichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.A2015studybyscientistswhowere7(base)atBrownUniversityandDukeUniversityintheUS,lookedathowquicklyspeciesdieoutduetonaturalcauses,thatis,thebackgroundextinctionrate”.Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1000times8(fast)thannormal.Thereisalonglistofreasonswhysomanyspeciesarcdyingout,airandwaterpollution,forestsbeingdestroyed,factoryfarmingandoverfishing.Itisclearthathumanactivityhas9(negative)affectedallotherspeciesonEarth,10(include)animalsandplants.PassageBTheOldTownofLijiangThissiteisafewhoursbus-rideawayfromtheancientcityofDaliinYunnanProvince.1.(Surround)byfields,mountainsandrivers,(heOldTownofLijianglookslikeajadeinkstoneinspringandsummer.Eachyear,manyforeigntourists2(visit)theOldTown,andtheplaceislike“VeniceintheEast“lothem.Therearenarrowalleys,prettystreams,smallstonebridgesandhouseswith3(carve)doorsandpaintedwindows.PassageCSowhyisnaturebeginningtoturnonus?Oneanswerisoverpopulation.Thepopulationoftheworld1(grow)attherateof10,000peopleanhour,ncarly90millionayear.Mostofthe2(grow)isinthedevelopingworld.Poorpeoplein3(agriculture)areasoftenmovetothecities.Theybuildhomesfrom4materialstheycanfind.Thesehomescan5(easy)collapseduringearthquakesorslipandslidedownhillinlandslides,especiallyafterheavyrain.6topofthat,thereistheaddedaspectofglobalwanning.Thishasmainlybeencausedbythehugeamountsofcarbondioxide7(produce)byfactoriesandvehicles.The8(destroy)oftheworld'sforestsplaysapart,too.ASaresult,ahotteroceancauses9(strong)winds.Atlantichumcanesare40%strongernowthanthey1()(be)30yearsago.课文重点内容回顾PassageAl.that2.known3.which4.varied5.Although6.at7.based8.faster9.negativelylO.includingPassageB1.Surrounded2.visit3.carvedPassageC1.isgrowing2.growlh3.agricultural4.whalever5.easilyOduced8.dcstruction9.stronger10.wereblame...forsth.因某事责怪blamesth.on...把某事归咎于betoblameforsth.对某事负有责任e.g.Thereportblamespoorsafetystandardsfortheaccident.Oneofthecomputersisbrokenandshe'sblamingitonme.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthefire.作名词时，意为“责任;指责”。常用搭配：take/beartheblame负责put/laytheblameon怪在身上e.g.I'mgoingtotakealltheblameonmyself.Butyouarenottoblame;Ican'tputtheblameonyou.ItisclearthathumanactivityhasnegativelyaffectedallotherspeciesonEarth,includinganimalsandplants.affect作动词，可意为：①影响②（感情上）深深打动，使悲伤（或怜悯等）③（疾病）侵袭，使感染c.g.Thechangeinclimatemayaffectyourhealth.Weweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.It'sadiseasewhichaffectsmainlyolderpeople.【拓展】effectn.thewayinwhichanevent,action,orpersonchangessomeoneorsomething作用；结果haveaneffecton对产生影响effectiveadj.有效的；起作用的Ofcourse,aswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforoursurvival,wewouldalsobeatriskofdyingout.risk既可作名词，也可作动词。作名词时，意为“危险，风险”常用结构：atrisk有危险，冒风险attheriskof...冒着样的风险

atone'sownriskatone'sownriskatone'sownrisk自担.风险atone'sownrisk自担.风险takc/runarisk/risks冒险take/runtheriskof...冒的危险作动词时，意为“冒失去……的危险，冒……的危险”，后接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。egYou'dbecrazytoriskyourmoneyonabusinesslikethat!Ifyougoonskatingonthethinicc,youwillriskfallingthrough.Howoftendowegetstuckintrafficjams?有多少次我们碰到交通堵塞而动弹不得？getstuck陷入，卡住e.g.Hislegsgotstuckinthehole.Hecouldn'tmove.他的腿卡在洞里了。他动不了。Sometypesofcancerarerelatedtotrafficpollution.有些癌症与交通污染有关。relatedto①与相关的②与属于同一家族或种类的Tobefrank,Tinaddictedtomycar.老实讲，我沉溺于汽车难以自拔。beaddictedto对上瘾，对有瘾e.g.MykidsarealladdictedtoTVcartoons.我的孩子们全成了电视卡通迷。二.重点词精练Wcshouldprepareaseparatebinforr（可以再次循环的）wasteproducts.Humansaretob（受至U责备）fortheworseningenvironment.Itisclearthatglobalwarmingisa（影响）ourplanet.Theshoppingcarnivalofferedawiderchoiceofgoodsforc（消费者）Weshouldtakepublict（交通）moreinsteadofdrivingoften.Theheavyuseofdisposablec（筷子）doesgreatharmtoforests.Itisnecessaryforustotaker（有规律的，定期的）exerciseoFactoryfarmingusesalotofc（化学物质），whichisharmfultotheenvironment.Yuanmingyuanparkisaveryimportanth（历史的，具有历史意义的）spot.YuanLongpinghasmadegreatcontributionstoa（农业的）developmentofChina.词组填空：I.switchto2.wipeout3.beatrisk4.betoblame5.stressedout6.fbrinstance7.berelatedto8.sumup9.doone'spart10.aparifromWcdefinitelyneedtodifferentformsofpowerassoonaspossibletoprotectourearth.Extinctions,whereentirespecies,arcnotunusualinourEarth'shistory.WearenowenteringtheEarth'ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,humanactivitywillAswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforoursurvival,wewouldalsoofdyingout.Factoryfarmingiscrueltotheanimals.,manyfarmanimalsarekeptinsmallspaceswheretheycanhardlymove.To,theadvantagesoforganicfarmingoutweighitsdisadvantages.Ifweall,wecanliveahealthierlifeonEarth.Sometypesofcancertrafficpollution..beingalotcheaperthantraditionalororganicfanning,factoryfarmingprovidesmorefoodfortheincreasingworldpopulation..Manypeoplegetduetotrafficjamsontheirwayhomeortowork,whichcaneasilyleadtoroadrage.三.课文重点内容回顾PassageAExtinctions,whereentirespeciesarewipedout,arenotunusualinourEarth'shistory.Infactover90percentofallspecies1everlivedarcnowextinct.Inthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivetimeswhenlifeonEarthhasalmostended.Theseincludethethirdmassextinction,2(know)asthe44GreatDying”,whichkilled90%to96%ofallspecies.Andthefifthevent,3occuiTed66millionyearsago,causedthedeathofthedinosaurs.Thereasonsforextinctionsare4(vary).Accordingtoscientists,theyincludevolcaniceruptions,asteroidshittingtheEarthfromspace,changesinseallevels,thedecreaseoftheoxygencontentoftheseaandglobalwarming.ManyscientistssaywcarcnowenteringtheEarth'ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,humanactivitywillbetoblame.5itisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therate6whichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.A2015studybyscientistswhowere7(base)atBrownUniversityandDukeUniversityintheUS,lookedathowquicklyspeciesdieoutduetonaturalcauses,thatis,thebackgroundextinctionrate”.Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1000limes8(fast)thannormal.Thereisalonglistofreasonswhysomanyspeciesarcdyingout,airandwaterpollution,forestsbeingdestroyed,factoryfarmingandoverfishing.Itisclearthathumanactivityhas9(negative)affectedallotherspeciesonEarth,10(include)animalsandplants.PassageBTheOldTownofLijiangThissiteisafewhoursbus-rideawayfromtheancientcityofDaliinYunnanProvince.1.(Surround)byfields,mountainsandrivers,theOldTownofLijianglookslikeajadeinkstoneinspringandsummer.Eachyear,manyforeigntourists2(visit)theOldTown,andtheplaceislike“VeniceintheEast”tothem.Therearcnarrowalleys,prettystreams,smallstonebridgesandhouseswith3(carve)doorsandpaintedwindows.PassageCSowhyisnaturebeginningtotumonus?Oneanswerisoverpopulation.ThepopulationoftheworldI(grow)attherateof10,00()peopleanhour,ncarly90millionayear.Mostofthe2(grow)isinthedevelopingworld.Poorpeoplein3(agriculture)areasoftenmovetothecities.Theybuildhomesfrom4materialstheycanfind.Thesehomescan5(easy)collapseduringearthquakesorslipandslidedownhillinlandslides,especiallyafterheavyrain.6topofthat,thereistheaddedaspectofglobalwarming.Thishasmainlybeencausedbythehugeamountsofcarbondioxide7(produce)byfactoriesandvehicles.The8(destroy)of(heworld'sforestsplaysapart,too.ASaresult,ahotteroceancauses9(strong)winds.Atlantichurricanesare40%strongernowthanthey10(be)30yearsago.Unit3Conservation一.核心词精讲Extinctions,whereentirespeciesarewipedout,arenotunusualinourEarth'shistory.wipeout①把……擦干净；②使疲惫不堪；③彻底消灭，全部摧毁。e.g.Makesuretheinsideofthecoffeepotisthoroughlywipedout.Allthattravellinghaswipedherout.Thetownwascompletelywipedoutbytheearthquake.【拓展】wipeaway擦掉，清除掉wipedown从上到下擦干净wipeoff①擦掉，刷掠②把……擦干净③把……一笔勾销wipeup①擦干（杯、盘等）②把……用布揩掉Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therateatwhichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.dieout①灭绝，灭亡;②逐渐消失；③熄灭。e.g.Manyanimalsareindangerofdyingoutbecauseofhumanactivity.SomeofthetraditionalcustomsaredyingoutinChina.Ittookalongtimebeforethebigfirediedout.【拓展】dieaway（指声音、光、风等）变弱，逐渐消失，渐渐停止diedown变弱，逐渐消失，渐渐停止（与dieaway同义）;（激动的心情）平静下来diefrom/of因而死dieoff相继死亡Thistime,humanactivitywillbetoblame.blame既可作动词，也可作名词。作动词时，意为“责备，责怪；归咎于常用搭配：blame...forsth.因某事责怪blamesth.on...把某事归咎于betoblameforsth.对某事负有责任e.g.Thereportblamespoorsafetystandardsfortheaccident.Oneofthecomputersisbrokenandshe'sblamingitonme.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthefire.作名词时，意为“责任;指责”。常用搭配：take/beartheblame负责put/laytheblameon怪在身上e.g.I'mgoingtotakealltheblameonmyself.Butyouarenottoblame;Ican'tputtheblameonyou.ItisclearthathumanactivityhasnegativelyaffectedallotherspeciesonEarth,includinganimalsandplants.affect作动词，可意为：①影响②（感情上）深深打动，使悲伤（或怜悯等）③（疾病）侵袭，使感染c.g.Thechangeinclimatemayaffectyourhealth.Weweredeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.It'sadiseasewhichaffectsmainlyolderpeople.【拓展】effectn.thewayinwhichanevent,action,orpersonchangessomeoneorsomething作用；结果haveaneffecton对产生影响effectiveadj.有效的；起作用的Ofcourse,aswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforoursurvival,wewouldalsobeatriskofdyingout.risk既可作名词，也可作动词。作名词时，意为“危险，风险”常用结构：atrisk有危险，冒风险attheriskof...冒着样的风险atone'sownrisk自担风险takc/runarisk/risks冒险take/runtheriskof...冒的危险作动词时，意为“冒失去……的危险，冒……的危险”，后接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。egYou'dbecrazytoriskyourmoneyonabusinesslikethat!Ifyougoonskatingonthethinicc,youwillriskfallingthrough.Howoftendowegetstuckintrafficjams?有多少次我们碰到交通堵塞而动弹不得？getstuck陷入，卡住e.g.Hislegsgotstuckinthehole.Hecouldn'tmove.他的腿卡在洞里了。他动不了。Sometypesofcancerarerelatedtotrafficpollution.有些癌症与交通污染有关。relatedto①与相关的②与属于同一家族或种类的Tobefrank,Tinaddictedtomycar.老实讲，我沉溺于汽车难以自拔。beaddictedto对上瘾，对有瘾e.g.MykidsarealladdictedtoTVcartoons.我的孩子们全成了电视卡通迷。二.重点词精练Wcshouldprepareaseparatebinforr（可以再次循环的）wasteproducts.Humansaretob（受至U责备）fortheworseningenvironment.Itisclearthatglobalwarmingisa（影响）ourplanet.Theshoppingcarnivalofferedawiderchoiceofgoodsforc（消费者）Weshould（akepublict（交通）moreinsteadofdrivingoften.Theheavyuseofdisposablec（筷子）doesgreatharmtoforests.Itisnecessaryforustotaker（有规律的，定期的）exercise。Factoryfarmingusesalotofc（化学物质）♦whichisharmfulto（heenvironment.Yuanmingyuanparkisaveryimportanth（历史的，具有历史意义的）spot.YuanLongpinghasmadegreatcontributionstoa（农业的）developmentofChina.答案：重点词精练：recyclableblameaHeelingconsumerstransportchopsticksregularchemic