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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothepublic.Notonlydoeshewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingwhichhasnotbeensaidbefore.Hehopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstand,hewantstoteachthem,andhewantsthemtolearnfromhim.

Whatvisualartistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasytomakeoutbutdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheirexperiencesintoshapesandcolors,notwords.Theyseemtofeelthatacertainselectionofshapesandcolors,outofthecountlessbillionspossible,isexceptionallyinterestingforthemandworthshowingtous.Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.

Mostartiststaketheirshapesandcolorsfromtheworldofnatureandfromhumanbodiesinmotionandrepose(静止).Theirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautifulsight.Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.Yeteventheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.

Ifonepainterchoosestopaintaninjuredlegandanotheralakeinmoonlight,eachofthemisdirectingourattentiontoacertainaspectoftheworld.Eachpainteristellingussomething,showingussomething,emphasizingsomething,allofwhichmeansthat,consciouslyorunconsciously,heistryingtoteachus.

1.Withouttheartist’swork,thepublicmightnot().

2.Anartist’schoiceofshapesandcolorsindicatesthathebelievesthemtobe().

3.Contemporaryartistsoftenthinktheirchoiceofsubject().

4.Thewritersaysthatcontemporaryartcontains().

5.Comparedwithapainterofunpleasantsubjectsapainterwhodrawsalakeinmoonlightis().

问题1选项

A.noticeparticularshapesorcolors

B.seetheshapesandcolorsthatexpresshisexperience

C.feelhisdelightinshapesandcolors

D.alloftheabove

问题2选项

A.calm

B.worthlookingat

C.delightful

D.moving

问题3选项

A.carriesnomessagetothepublic

B.providesaninterestingangle

C.hasnopatternorform

D.teachesthepublicimportanttruths

问题4选项

A.nothingmeaningful

B.uninterestingaspectsoftheworld

C.subjectschosenpartlyfortheirmeaning

D.completelymeaninglesssubjects

问题5选项

A.conveyingmoremeaning

B.pointingtosomethingdifferent

C.moreskilled

D.communicatingless

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.如果没有他们的作品,我们就不会注意到这些特殊的形状和颜色,也不会体会到他们给艺术家带来的快乐。”以及第二段前面也提及,画家把他们的经验转化成形状和颜色,由此可知,选项A、B、C均正确。所以本题选D。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“Theirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautifulsight.他们的选择表明世界的这些方面是值得一看的,它们包含着美丽的风景。”选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.当代艺术家可能会说,他们只是选择了能提供一种有趣模式的主题,而没有更多的内容。”选项B符合原文。

4.判断推理题。根据第三段最后一句“Yeteventheydonotchooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.然而,即使是他们也不会完全不参照他们主题的特点而做出选择。”由此可推断,作者认为当代艺术的主题选择部分是为了它们的意义。选项C符合原文。

5.判断推理题。根据原文最后一个自然段的内容“如果一个画家选择画一条受伤的腿,另一个选择画月光下的湖,每一个画家都在把我们的注意力引向世界的某个方面。每个画家都在告诉我们一些东西,向我们展示一些东西,强调一些东西,所有这一切都意味着,有意识或无意识地,他在试图教我们一些东西。”也就是说,不同的画家画出不同的东西,他们所表达的意义也是不同的,所以选项B正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

2.单选题

Numerousstudiesalreadylinkthefirstmealofthedaytobetterclassroom().

问题1选项

A.performance

B.function

C.behavior

D.display

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。performance“表现”;function“功能”;behavior“行为”;display“展示”。句意:许多研究已经将一天的第一顿饭与更好的课堂表现联系起来。A项符合题意。

3.单选题

“Youtrytogetsomesleep.I'll()thepatientsbreakfast,”saidthenurse.

问题1选项

A.seeto

B.stickto

C.getto

D.leadto

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。seeto“注意,负责”;stickto“坚持”;getto“到达”;leadto“导致,通向”。句意:这位护士说:“你去睡一会吧,我会负责病人的早餐的”。A项符合题意。

4.单选题

TheLondonMarathonisadifficultrace.(),thousandsofrunnersparticipateeveryyear.

问题1选项

A.Therefore

B.Furthermore

C.Accordingly

D.Nevertheless

【答案】D

【解析】考查连词辨析。therefore“因此”;furthermore“而且”;accordingly“相应地”;nevertheless“不过,然而”。句意:伦敦马拉松是一个很难的比赛。但是,每年都有成千上万的跑步者参赛。由前后句意可判断这两句是转折关系,故D项正确。

5.单选题

Iwasimpressed()theefficiencyoftheworkdoneinthecompany.

问题1选项

A.in

B.about

C.with

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beimpressedwithsth“对…印象深刻”。句意:该公司的工作效率给我留下了深刻的印象。C项符合题意。

6.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingfiveunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

1.Chinesedealers,collectorsandartlovershavebeenoutinforceatChristie’s,whichisauctioningtheartcollectionofRobertHatfieldEllsworthinfivedaysofsalesthatbeginonTuesday,withaweekofonlinesalestofollow.Ellsworth,areveredconnoisseurwhodiedlastyear,amassedoneofthefinestprivatecollectionsofAsianartintheWest,andthepresaleestimatestotal$35million.JinZhao,whocollectsTangandSongdynastyporcelaininasmallway,flewinfromTianjin,China,hopingtopickuponeortwopieces.“It'sworthit,”hesaid“Thisisaverygreatcollection.”

TheEllsworthsaleputsagiantexclamationpointonAsiaWeek,anannualeventthatmakesNewYorktheprimedestinationfordealers,museumcurators,scholarsandcollectorsfromaroundtheworld,avariedgroupthatincludedsharp-eyedyoungcollectorsindownjacketsandjeans,middle-ageddealershuntingtheirquarryinsmallpacks,tweedyconnoisseursandChinesewomendresseduptoMingvasestandards.

2.“ItisthelargestgroupofAsianartonthefaceoftheearth/’saidJavXu,directorofthe

AsianArtMuseuminSanFrancisco,whoisleadingateamofabouttwodozencurators,boardmembers,collectorsanddonorstoNewYorkforanexcitedroundoflooking,meeting,greeting,publicizingandacquiring.“Itisveryrich.”

Mr.Xuwasreferringtotheweek'sevents:theexhibits,oftenmuseumquality,atthemorethan40dealerswhoparticipateinAsiaWeek;theshowsandlecturesatinstitutionslikeAsiaSocietyandtheJapanSociety;thetwodozenauctionsofAsianartatSotheby's,Christie’s,BonhamsandDoyle;andbenefitpartiesliketheoneattheMetropolitanMuseumofArttocelebratethecentenaryofitsAsianartdepartment.

Lessthan10yearsago,themarketforAsianartinNewYorklookedquitedifferent.3.TheInternationalAsianArtFair,heldformanyyearsattheParkAvenueArmory,wentbustattheendof2008,avictimoftheeconomicdownturn.

4.Ms.MirvissandtheKoreanartdealerJiyoungKoohastilyorganizedanassociationof16dealers,whichtheycalledAsianArtDealersoftheUpperEastSide,toholdopenhousesthat,collectively,wouldreplacetheartfair.Atthesametime,ahalf-dozendealersmakinguptheJapaneseArtDealersAssociationstagedtheirownshow,whichhasbecomeanannualevent.

Fromthesebeginnings,AsiaWeekquicklydevelopedintoitscurrenthybridform.“Wearenotanartfair,”saidCarolConover,thedirectorofKaikodoAsianArtandthechairwomanofAsiaWeek.“Wearesomethingverydifferent.Theintimacyofagalleryisdifferentthanbeingonafloorinabigroom.

5.AsiaWeekhasprosperedinadecadedominatedby

badeconomicnews,thanksalmostentirelytowealthyChinesedealersandcollectors,whosefreespendinganddeeppocketshaveledtothefirstAsiaWeekinParis,scheduledforJune,andanewbranchofArtBaselinHongKong,whichstartedonSundayandwillrunforthreedays.“ThedominantforceistheChinesebuyer,”Mr.Lallysaid.“Theybuy75to80percentoftheChineseartattheauctionhouses.”

Andtheyhavebeenshowingupindroves.FrancescaGalloway,aLondondealerinIndianartshowingatW.M.BradyCampCompany,onEast80thStreet,putitbluntly:“Ifyou'reacollectorandyou'renothere,you'renotinthegame.”

【答案】1.从周二开始,佳士得拍卖行将开始拍卖安思远(RobertHatfieldEllsworth)的藏品,为期五天,其后还将举办一周的在线销售,中国的经销商、收藏家和艺术爱好者们趋之若鹜。

2.“这是地球上最大的亚洲艺术精英人群了,”旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆馆长许杰(JayXu)说,他率领二十多名策展人、董事会成员、收藏家与捐赠者来到纽约,进行一系列热闹的参观、会面、寒暄、公关和购买活动。

3.国际亚洲艺术博览会多年来一直在公园大道军械库举行,最终于2008年底宣告破产,成了经济低迷的牺牲品。

4.默维斯和韩国艺术交易商JiyoungKoo与16位交易商仓促成立了“上东区亚洲艺术交易商协会”,他们联合举办公开活动,试图取代艺术博览会。

5.在这个经济不景气的十年,亚洲周却一直保持着繁荣昌盛,这多亏了富裕的中国交易商与收藏家们,他们出手慷慨,身家阔绰,因此今年六月,巴黎也要举办第一届亚洲周了,此外,香港也开办了巴塞尔艺术展的分展,于周日举行,持续三日。

7.单选题

Tomwashighly()teacherwhotookhisdutiesseriouslybuthehadneitherthepersonalitynorabilitytoachievemuchsuccess.

问题1选项

A.conscientious

B.efficient

C.capable

D.talented

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项conscientious“认真的,尽责的”;B选项efficient“有效率的”;C选项capable“有能力的”;D选项talented“有才能的”。分析句子可知,who后面引导的定语从句修饰teacher,根据填空处也应该填入一个形容词来修饰teacher,由此可知,填空处单词应与定语从句表达的意思相近,tookhisdutiesseriously指的是“尽职尽责的”,选项A与之意思最接近,所以正确。

8.单选题

Herjewelry()underthespotlightsandshebecamethedominantfigureattheball.

问题1选项

A.glared

B.glittered

C.blazed

D.dazzled

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。glare“怒目而视”;glitter“闪光,灿烂”;blaze“燃烧,发光”;dazzle“使目眩,使眼花缭乱”。句意:她的珠宝在聚光灯下闪闪发亮,她成为这个舞会的主要人物。B项符合题意。

9.单选题

WhenyouaskmeaboutCynthia,whatwereyou()?

问题1选项

A.meaningfor

B.drivingat

C.intendingfor

D.intendingto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。选项A介词搭配不正确,可首先排除;B选项driveat相当于aimat“用意所在”;C选项intendfor“打算使”;D选项intendto“打算做…,想要”,后面一般需要接dosth.。句意:你问我关于辛西娅的事,你的用意何在?所以选项B正确。

10.单选题

Ibumpedmyheadonthedoorpostandnowa()hascomeup.

问题1选项

A.lump

B.knob

C.pump

D.bubble

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项lump“肿块”;B选项knob“瘤”;C选项pump“泵”;D选项bubble“气泡”。句意:我的头撞在了门柱上,现在肿了起来。选项A符合语境。

11.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

中国式问候

吃饭时间,“你吃了吗?”是中国人最常用的问候语。不理解这种风俗的外国人会认为这是在邀请一起吃饭。但是,这仅仅是简单的问候,不是真的在发出邀请,所以可以回答“吃了,我吃过了。”或者说“没有,我还没吃。”除了“你吃了吗?”,中文中还有其他打招呼的方式,比如说“去哪儿?”、“忙吗?”、“干什么呢?”、“去上班?”等等。我们可以发现中国人问候的时候喜欢问别人在做什么,做了什么,要做什么。

【答案】Chinesegreeting

“Haveyoueaten?”isacommongreetingamongChinesewhenitisthetimeforameal.Foreignerswhodonotunderstandthiskindofcustommightregardthisasaninvitationtohaveamealtogether.However,thisisjustasimplegreeting,notarealinvitation,socanreplywith“Yes,Ihaveeaten.”or“No,notyet.”Inadditionto“Haveyoueaten?”,therearemanyotherexpressionsforsayinghelloinChinese,like“Whereareyougoing?”,“Areyoubusy?”,“Whatareyoudoing?”,“Areyougoingtowork?”,etc.WecanfindthatwhenChinesepeoplegreeteachother,theyliketoaskaboutthethingsothersaredoing,justdidoraregoingtodo.

12.单选题

Therehasbeenacollision()anumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.

问题1选项

A.composing

B.consisting

C.involving

D.engaging

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。compose“组成,构成”;consist“由…组成”;involve“包含,涉及”;engage“雇佣,参加”。句意:在通往小镇的主路上发生了一起碰撞,涉及到许多小轿车。C项符合题意。

13.单选题

Ourlicensewill()nextweek,soweshallneedanewone.

问题1选项

A.explore

B.deny

C.expire

D.explode

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项explore“探索,探测”;B选项deny“否认,拒绝”;C选项expire“期满,终止”;D选项explode“爆炸,激增”。根据句意“我们的执照下周就要到期了,所以我们需要一个新的。”选项C符合句意。

14.单选题

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery().

问题1选项

A.waxy

B.slippery

C.sticky

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。waxy“蜡制的,柔软的”;slippery“狡猾的,不稳定的”;sticky“粘的,粘性的”;greasy“油腻的,油脂的,谄媚的”。句意:如果你在车底下修车,你通常会沾满油脂。D项符合题意。

15.单选题

Thisriverissobigthatitisimpossibletobuilda()underitwithoutmoderntechnology.

问题1选项

A.canal

B.tunnel

C.channel

D.cable

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。canal“运河”;tunnel“隧道”;channel“通道,航道”;cable“缆绳,电缆”。句意:这条河如此长以至于没有现代技术的话,不可能去建一条地下隧道。B项符合题意。

16.单选题

People()fromworkweretobehelpeduntiltheyfoundnewjobs.

问题1选项

A.laidoff

B.laidon

C.laidaside

D.laidback

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项layoff“解雇,休息”;B选项layon“安装,提供”;C选项layaside“搁置,储蓄,留存”;D选项layback“躺下休息”。根据句意“被解雇(下岗)的人们将得到帮助,直到他们找到新的工作。”选项A符合句意。

17.单选题

()energyundertheearthmustbereleasedinoneformoranother,forexample,anearthquake.

问题1选项

A.Accumulated

B.Gathered

C.Assembled

D.Collected

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。accumulated“累积的”;gathered“聚集的”;assembled“组合的,安装的”;collected“收成全集的,合订的”。句意:地下累计的能量一定会以某一种形式释放,比如地震。A项符合题意。

18.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.

1.Uponlearningofthisculturalpreference,Hallmarkreactedquickly.EventhoughChineseandJapanesedescendantsofRomeoandJulietarenowabletobuygreetingcardsintheirnativelanguage,HallmarkhasmadesurethesupplyofgreetingcardsinEnglishisplentiful.Thus,theircustomerscanachievebothadisplayoftheirhipcosmopolitanflair,whilealsosendingtheirsweetiethatall-importantmessageofloveatthesametime.

2.Englishasalinguafrancaisnothingmorethanausefultool:itisa“languageforcommunication”,amediumthatisgivensubstancewiththedifferentnational,regional,localandindividualculturalidentitiesitsspeakersbringtoit.Englishitselfdoesnotcarrysuchidentities,anditisnota“languageforidentification”.AndbecauseofthevarietyoffunctionalusesofglobalEnglish,Englishhasalsoagreatpotentialforpromotinginternationalunderstanding.Itsdifferentspeakersmustalwaysworkoutacommonbehaviouralandinterculturalbasis.

【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后,霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡,但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。这样,他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性眼光,同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。

2.作为一种通用语,英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”,是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特色的物质媒体。英语本身并没有这种身份,它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。而且,由于全球英语功能用法的多样性,英语在促进国际理解方面也具有巨大潜力。不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。

19.单选题

ThepolicestoppedmetheotherdayasIwasdrivinghome,becauseIwas()thespeedlimit.

问题1选项

A.transcending

B.exceeding

C.surpassing

D.overtaking

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项transcend“胜过,超越”;B选项exceed“超过,胜过”;C选项surpass“超越,优于”;D选项overtake“赶上,压倒”。四个选项都有“超过,胜过”的意思,但表示超速只能用exceed。根据句意“那天我开车回家的时候被警察拦住了,因为我超速了。”所以选项B正确。

20.单选题

Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner()shehadpromised.

问题1选项

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。such和as搭配,so和that搭配,所以这里只能填入as。句意:这顿晚餐并不像她所承诺的那样好。选项D正确。

21.单选题

Inourcountry,millionsofordinarymenandwomenareworkingto()povertyandbackwardness.

问题1选项

A.figureout

B.wipeout

C.carryout

D.takeout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项figureout“理解,算出”;B选项wipeout“消灭,消除”;C选项carryout“实行”;D选项takeout“拿走,去掉”。句意:在我们伟大的社会主义国家里,千百万普通男女正在为消除贫穷落后而无私地工作着。选项B符合句意。

22.单选题

Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe“fit”insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreader,andsoon.

Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatuses,andallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.

Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoose,styleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesefamerorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoo,comereadymade,andtherangeofchoice,amongthemislimited.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus().

2.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses().

3.Theword"appraisal"inparagraph2mostprobablymeans().

4.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun“it”refersto().

5.Bysayingthat“anAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesefarmerorthatofaHinduprince”(Para.3),thewritermeans().

问题1选项

A.makefriendswithotherpeople

B.determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob

C.protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations

D.behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople

问题2选项

A.inordertobetteridentifyothers

B.astheirmentalprocesseschange

C.asthesituationchange

D.inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers

问题3选项

A.involvement

B.assessment

C.appreciation

D.presentation

问题4选项

A.constantmentalprocess

B.selectingone’sownstatus

C.curiosityofotherpeople'sstatuses

D.fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately

问题5选项

A.differentpeoplehavedifferentstylesofclothes

B.ready-madeclothesmayneedalterations

C.ourchoiceofstatusesislimited

D.statusescomereadymadejustlikeclothes

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段首句“Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe‘fit’insociety.地位是人类不可思议的发明,它使我们能够彼此和睦相处,并决定我们在社会中‘适当的’位置。”也就是说,在与他人相处时举止得体,选项D符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段的一二句“Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,ataveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.我们所假定的身份常常随着我们遇到的人而变化,并且在一生中不断变化。我们大多数人都能以非常快的速度假定各种情况所需要的状态。”也就是说,人们所假定的身份随着外部环境的改变而发生改变。选项C符合原文。

3.语义推断题。A选项involvement“牵连,包含”;B选项assessment“评定,估价”;C选项appreciation“欣赏,鉴别”;D选项presentation“描述,介绍”。根据原文句意:这意味着我们的行为与其他人的行为相适应是建立在对他人的评价和解释这种持续的心理过程之上的。由此可知,appraisal指评估,判断,所以选项B与之意思相近。

4.判断推理题。根据第二段的最后一句话可知,这里的it指的是前半句提到的“thetask”,而“thetask”指代的是上文提到的fitouractionstothoseofotherpeople。所以选项D符合原文。

5.作者意图题。结合原文内容可知,作者通过将身份比作衣服,说明身份像衣服一样,受到社会的限制,选择的范围有限。所以选项C正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

23.单选题

Thechairmanwasblamedforlettinghissecretary()toomuchworklastweek.

问题1选项

A.taketo

B.takeout

C.takeaway

D.takeon

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。taketo“走向,开始从事”;takeout“取出,去掉”;takeaway“带走,拿走”;takeon“承担,呈现”。句意:上周,主席因让他的秘书承担很多工作而受到责备。D项符合题意。

24.单选题

Hewassoangrythathejustcouldn’t()fromtellingthemwhathethought.

问题1选项

A.holdoff

B.holdon

C.holdback

D.holdup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。holdbackfrom意为“抑制…阻止…”。句意“他非常生气,忍不住把自己的想法告诉了他们。”选项C符合句意。

25.单选题

Manyartistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheirindividuality.Moderndancewasoneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughttofreetheircreativespirit.Atthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechnique,nofoundationfromwhichtobuild.Inlateryears,trial,error,andgeniusfoundedthetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.Eventually,innovatorsevendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballet,butfirsttheyhadtodiscardallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.ThebeginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDuncan,butshewasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudienceandseeitacceptedandacclaimed.

Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsenthertonature.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnaturalastheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesofthesea,andshouldbeinharmonywiththemovementsoftheEarth.Hergreatcontributionsareinthreeareas.

First,shebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovementsthatcouldbeusedindance,beforeDuncandanced,balletwastheonlytypeofdanceperformedinconcert.Intheballetthefeetandlegswereemphasized,withvirtuosity(精湛的技巧)shownbycomplicated,designedpositionsandmovements.Duncanperformeddancebyusingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoulandspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneerswhobroketraditionsoothersmightbeabletodeveloptheart.

Hersecondcontributionwasindancecostume.Shediscardedcorset(紧身内衣),balletshoes,andstintcostumes.ThesewerereplacedwithflowingGreciantunics,barefeetandunboundhair.Shebelievedinthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreely,andherdressdisplayedthisideal.

Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic.Inherperformancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmasters,includingBeethovenandWagner,whichwasnottheusualcustom.

Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallifeasinherdance.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidnaturerepresenttoIsadoraDuncan?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasanareaofdancethatDuncanworkedtochange?

4.Comparedtothoseoftheballet,Duncan’scostumeswereless().

5.Whatdoestheparagraphfollowingthepassageprobablydiscuss?

问题1选项

A.TheEvolutionofDanceintheTwentiethCentury.

B.ArtistsoftheLastCentury.

C.NaturalMovementinDance.

D.APioneerinModernDance.

问题2选项

A.Amodelformovement.

B.Somethingtoconquer.

C.Aplacetofindpeace.

D.Asymbolofdisorder.

问题3选项

A.Themusic

B.Thestagesets

C.Costumes

D.Movements

问题4选项

A.costly

B.colorful

C.graceful

D.restrictive

问题5选项

A.Duncan’sfurthercontributiontomoderndance.

B.Themusiccustomarilyusedinballet.

C.OtheraspectsofDuncan'slife.

D.Audienceacceptanceofthenewformofdance.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知,本文是一篇传记,主要讲述的是现代舞的先驱——IsadoraDuncan对舞蹈的巨大贡献。所以选项D正确。

2.判断推理题。题干问的是“对IsadoraDuncan来说,大自然代表了什么?”根据第二段的一、二句“她对自然运动形式的探索使她进入了自然。她认为运动应该像树木的摇摆和大海的波涛一样自然,应该与大地的运动协调一致。”也就是说,IsadoraDuncan把大自然当做舞蹈运动的模型,将舞蹈和自然相结合。所以选项A正确。

3.细节事实题。原文第三段主要讲述的是Duncan对舞蹈动作的改变;第四段主要讲述的是对舞蹈服装的改变;第五段主要讲述的是对音乐运用的改变。所以只有选项B“舞台”的改变在原文中没有提及。

4.判断推理题。根据原文第四段的内容“她摒弃了紫色内衣,芭蕾舞鞋和具有限制性的服装,取而代之的是飘逸的希腊宽松外衣、光着脚和披散着的头发。”由此可知,Duncan的服装是轻松自由的,相对于芭蕾服装来说,没有那么多的限制性,所以选项D正确。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容“她的个人生活就像她的舞蹈一样令人兴奋和古怪。”由此可推断,接下来可能要讲到的内容是Duncan生活的其他方面。选项C正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

26.单选题

Heisquitesurethatit’s()impossibleforhimtofulfillthetaskwithintwodays.

问题1选项

A.absolutely

B.exclusively

C.fully

D.roughly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。absolutely“绝对地,完全地(语气上非常肯定,侧重表示程度)”;exclusively“唯一地,专有地,排外地”;fully“充分地,完全地(侧重表示数量)”;roughly“粗糙地,粗略地”。句意:他非常确定在两天被完成这项任务是完全不可能的。A项符合题意。

27.单选题

Therewasabigholeintheroadwhich()thetraffic.

问题1选项

A.setback

B.stoodback

C.heldup

D.keptdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。setback“推迟,使受…挫折”;standback“退后,往后站”;holdup“举起,阻拦”;keepdown“控制,镇压”。句意:路上的一个大洞阻碍了交通。C项符合题意。

28.单选题

Thenewsyoutoldmetheotherdayhasyettobe().

问题1选项

A.affirmed

B.informed

C.confirmed

D.conformed

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项affirm“确认,断言”;B选项inform“通知,告密”;C选项confirm“确认,证实”;D选项conform“符合,遵守”。根据句意“你前几天告诉我的消息还没有被证实。”选项C符合句意。

29.单选题

Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetooldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsand,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Someotherresearcherswhostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparksingrade-schoolchildrensuggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Iftheyknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEsenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesforordinaryachievementendsupwithuninspiredstudents,Esenbergerholds.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,henotesgrowingeffortsatmajoruniversitiestotightengradingstandardsandrestorefallinggrades.

Inearliergrades,theuseofso-calledtokeneconomics,inwhichstudentshandlechallengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,theDelawarepsychologistclaims.

1.Psychologistsaredividedwithregardtotheirattitudestoward().

2.Whatistheviewheldbymanyeducatorsconcerningexternalrewardsforstudents?

3.Accordingtotheresultofthestudymentionedinthepassage,whatshouldeducatorsdotostimulatemotivationandcreativity?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmajoruniversitiesaretryingtotightentheirgradingstandardsbecausetheybelieve().

5.Whichofthefollowingfactsabout“tokeneconomics”isNOTcorrect?

问题1选项

A.thechoicebetweenspiritualencouragementandmonetaryrewards

B.theappropriateamountofexternalrewards

C.thestudyofrelationshipbetweenactions

D.theeffectsofexternalrewardsonstudents’performance

问题2选项

A.Theyapproveofexternalrewards

B.Theydon'tthinkexternalrewards

C.Theyhavedoubtsaboutexternalrewards

D.Theybelieveexternalrewardscanmotivatesmallchildren,butnotcollegestudents

问题3选项

A.Giverewardsforperformanceswhichdeservethem

B.Alwayspromiserewards

C.Assigntaskswhicharenotverychallenging

D.Bemoretoleranttostudentswhenmistakesaremade

问题4选项

A.rewardingpoorperformancemaykillstudents'creativity

B.punishmentismoreeffectivethanrewarding

C.failinguninspiredstudentshelpsimprovetheiroverallacademicstandards

D.discouragingthestudents’anticipationforeasyrewardsismatterofurgency

问题5选项

A.Studentsareassignedchallengingtasks

B.Rewardsaregivenforgoodperformances

C.Studentsareevaluatedaccordingtotheefforttheyputintothetask

D.Withtokeneconomics,students,creativitycanbeenhanced

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsand,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschool.Someotherresearcherswhostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthoserewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.研究行为和行为之间关系的行为主义者认为,奖励可以提高工作和学习表现。其他一些研究精神生活各个方面的研究人员认为,这些奖励会鼓励人们依赖他人的认可和礼物,从而破坏创造力。”可知研究者对于奖励是否能提高工作和学习表现持相反意见。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段“Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.后一种观点得到了许多人的支持,尤其是教育工作者。”后一种观点即第一段提到的反对观点。故B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段“Iftheyknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively

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