2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号10

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Theystoodatthetopofthemountainandviewedthebeautiful（）.

问题1选项

A.lapse

B.landscape

C.layout

D.locality

【答案】B

【解析】lapse小错,过失；landscape风景；layout布局,设计；locality地点,位置。句意：他们站在山顶欣赏美丽的风景。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Theareaaroundthemainrailroadstationandexhibitionhalloffersan（）combinationofancienthistoryandnaturalhistory.

问题1选项

A.arrogant

B.agreeable

C.ambitious

D.innocent

【答案】B

【解析】arrogant自大的,傲慢的；agreeable令人愉快的,和蔼可亲的；ambitious野心勃勃的；innocent无知的。句意：主火车站和展览馆周围的区域呈现出古代历史和自然历史的完美结合。根据句意这里应填入的为褒义词,所以选项B符合语境。

3.单选题

IstaredintotheblacknessandwonderedifhewasasawareofmypresenceasI______.

问题1选项

A.wasofhis

B.wasofhim

C.didhim

D.didofhis

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子省略。句意：我盯着他阴沉的脸，想知道他是否注意到我的存在，正如我知道他的存在一样。as到句尾是状语从句，从句还原为asIwasasawareofhispresence，这里和前面if引导的宾语从句部分重复，故省略重复的部分，A选项wasofhis符合题意。其余选项语法错误。因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

ThesecondreasonwhyMr.Liwentwrongliesinhisfailureto（）someadditionalcomplexities.

问题1选项

A.takenoaccountof

B.giveanaccountof

C.turnto

D.takeintoaccount

【答案】D

【解析】takenoaccountof不考虑,不重视；giveanaccountof说明,叙述,汇报；turnto转向,求助于,变成；takeintoaccountof考虑。句意：李先生犯错的第二个原因是他没有考虑到一些额外的复杂性。选项A为混淆选项,根据failureto可知,选项D正确。

5.单选题

UrbanmotorwayshaveprovednosolutiontoBritain’s______trafficcongestion—indeedsomesaytheyhavemadeitworse.

问题1选项

A.abundant

B.adamant

C.sticky

D.chronic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项abundant“大量的，充裕的”；B选项adamant“坚决的”；C选项sticky“难办的，棘手的”；D选项chronic“长期的，难以治愈（或根除）的”。句意：事实证明，城市高速公路并不能解决英国______的交通拥堵问题——事实上，有的人说，城市高速公路让情况更糟了。横线处修饰trafficcongestion“交通拥堵问题”，交通拥堵问题不是短时间形成和解决的，没有提到会带来很严重的后果，需要立刻解决，不至于棘手，D选项chronic“长期的，难以治愈（或根除）的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

Moststaffinthisofficedidnotlikethemanageress,forshewasknowntobesly,selfishand（）.

问题1选项

A.manifested

B.manipulative

C.conscientious

D.controversial

【答案】B

【解析】manifested显然的；manipulative操纵的；conscientious认真的；controversial有争议的。根据句意可知,填空处应填入和sly,selfish意思相近的贬义词,所以选项B更符合语境。

7.单选题

Hedoesn’t（）muchinterestinhisstudieswiththeresultthathefailsinexamstimeandagain.

问题1选项

A.indicate

B.exert

C.manifest

D.express

【答案】D

【解析】expressaninterestin...为固定搭配，意为“对...表现出兴趣”。所以选项D正确。

8.单选题

Opponentsofaffirmativeactionsaythebattleovertheuseofraceincollegeadmissionsishardlyover,despitetheSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.Butsomecriticsraisedthepossibilityofmorelawsuits,andpromisedtocontinuepressuringtheDepartmentofEducation’sOfficeofCivilRightstoinvestigatequestionablepolicies.“We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram...onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.”saysLindaChavez,founderandpresidentoftheCenterforEqualOpportunity,aconservativenon-profitgroup.

Otherssaythey’lltaketheircasetovoters.“Wehavetoseriouslycontestallthisattheballotbox.”saysUniversityofCaliforniaregentWardConnerly,whohelpedwinvoterapprovalofCalifornia’sProposition209,whichprohibitsconsideringraceorgenderinpubliceducation,hiringandcontracting.Becauseofthatlaw,Monday’srulinghadnopracticalimpactinthestate.“Itmaybetimeforusto...letthe(Michigan)votersdecideiftheywanttouseraceasafactorinadmissions.”Connerlysaid.

Meanwhile,U.S.EducationSecretaryRodPaige,consistentwithPresidentBush’sstanceopposingaffirmativeaction,saidtheDepartmentofEducationwill“continueexaminingandhighlightingeffectiverace-neutralapproachestoensurebroadaccesstoanddiversitywithinourpublicinstitutions”.EvenSupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connor,inoneoftheopinions,recommendedthatstateslookforlessonsinrace-neutralprogramsbeingtriedinCaliforniaandelsewhere.Whiletherulingsaidadmissionsofficialsmayconsiderraceintheselectionprocess,collegesanduniversitiesarenotobligatedtodoso.“Ultimatelyinthedebate,diversityisachoice,notalegalmandate.”saysArthurColeman,aformerDepartmentofEducationofficialwhonowhelpscollegesanduniversitiesensureconstitutionalpolicies.

Thepublic,too,remainsconflicted,largelyalongraciallines.AccordingtoaJanuarypollbythenonprofitresearchorganizationPublicAgenda,79%ofAmericanssaiditisimportantforcollegestohavearaciallydiversestudentbody,whilejust54%saidaffirmativeactionprogramsshouldcontinue.InaGalluppollconducteddaysbeforetheruling,49%ofadultssaidtheyfavoraffirmativeactionand43%didnot,withblacksandHispanicsfarmorelikelytofavorthepracticethanwhites.AndsomeeducatorsdoubtthatwithMonday’sruling,thoseopposingaffirmativeactionwillchangetheirminds.

Fornow,admissionsofficialsanduniversitylawyersareporingovertherulingtodeterminehoworwhethertoadjustpolicies.Whilemosttendtobeclosed-mouthedaboutadmissionspolicies,manysaytheydon’texpectsignificantchanges.

1.Whatthecriticssaidinthefirstparagraphamountstotheideathat________.

问题1选项

A.noadmissionpoliciesbasedonraceshouldbeimplemented

B.minorityapplicantsshouldbegivenfavorableconsiderations

C.differentstandardsforadmittingminoritystudentsshouldbesetup

D.selectivecollegesanduniversitiesshouldbepunishedfortheirdiscriminatorypolicies

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。

找句内线索

根据题干定位到第一段最后一句We’retalkingaboutadmissionsprograms,scholarships,anyprogram…onlyforminoritiesorinwhichthestandardsusedtojudgeadmissionsaresubstantiallydifferent.（我们谈论……只适用于少数族裔的招生、奖学金等项目，或在这些方面录取标准的不同。），可知批评人士认为针对少数族裔，录取标准应当不同，C选项“录取少数种族学生的标准应该不同”正确。

排除干扰项

A选项“不应执行基于种族考虑的录取政策”：他们认为少数族裔的录取标准应该不同，参考了种族因素，属于反向干扰。

B选项“少数民族申请人应当优先考虑”：录取标准不同不等于优先考虑，属于过度推断。

D选项“名牌大学应该因为他们的歧视性政策而受到惩罚”：根据第一段第一、二句theSupremeCourt’srulingMondayupholdingthegoalofadiversestudentbody.Highereducationleadersoverwhelminglyhailedthedecision,sayingitreaffirmedpoliciesusedbymustselectivecollegesanduniversities.（最高法院周一的裁决支持多元化学生群体的目标。高等教育领袖们对这一决定表示了极大的欢迎，称这再次肯定了名牌大学所采用的政策。），可知名牌大学没有歧视行为，属于反向干扰。

9.单选题

Intimesofeconomicdifficulty,corporatebudgetsforresearchdevelopmentareoften（）beforeanyothers.

问题1选项

A.shifted

B.examined

C.slashed

D.presented

【答案】C

【解析】shift转移,变换；examine检查；slash削减；present提出,呈现。句意：在经济困难时期,企业的研究开发预算往往比其他任何时候都要先削减。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

Hedidnotfeelobligedto（）totherulesthatappliedtoordinarymen.

问题1选项

A.confront

B.conform

C.confine

D.console

【答案】B

【解析】confront面对,遭遇；conform遵守,符合；confine限制；console安慰。句意：他觉得没有义务遵守适用于普通人的规则。选项B符合句意。

11.单选题

______totellusthattheinterestoftheindividualshouldbesubordinatetothatofthecollective?

问题1选项

A.Wereyouused

B.Areyouused

C.Didyouuse

D.Doyouused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你不是经常告诉我们个人的利益应该从属于集体的利益吗？sb.usedtodo“某人过去常常做某事”，其一般疑问句为didsb.usetodo；sb.beusedto(doing)sth.“习惯于（做）某事”，其一般疑问句为be动词提前；beusedtodosth.“被用来做某事”。结合语境，这里指的是过去常常告诉我们某事，C选项Didyouuse符合题意。因此C选项正确。

12.单选题

Musicistheresultofthoughtintheformofattitude,orstance.Thereisnoonewayofthinking,sincemen’svaluesareasscatteredanddissimilarasindividualmenthemselves.Ifblackmusiccanbeseenastheresultofcertainattitudes,certainspecificwaysofthinkingabouttheworld,thenmybasichypothesisaboutmusicisunderstood.Theblackman’smusicchangedashechanged,reflectingshiftingattitudesorconsistentattitudeswithinchangecontexts.Itiswhythemusicchangedthatseemsmostimportanttome.

WhenjazzfirstbegantoappearontheAmericansceneduringthetwenties,inoneformoranother,itwasintroducedinmanyinstancesbywhiteAmericans.Yetitsoriginalconceptionanditsmostvitaldevelopmentweretheresultofcertainattitudes,orempiricalideas,attributabletotheAfro-Americanculture.Jazzasplayedbywhitemusicianswasnotthesameasthatplayedbyblackmusiciansnorwasthereanyreasonforittobe.Themusicofthewhitejazzmusicianwas,atitsmostprofound,alearnedart.

Theblues,forexample,whichItaketobeanautonomousblackmusic,waspracticallyignoredinpre-jazzwhiteAmericanculture.Bluesisanextremelyimportantpartofjazz.Howeverthewayinwhichjazzutilizestheblues“attitude”providedamusicalanalogythewhitemusiciancouldunderstand,andthushecouldarriveatastyleofjazzmusic.Thewhitemusicianunderstoodthebluesfirstasmusic,butseldomasanattitude,sincetheattitudeofthewhitemusicianwasnecessarilyquiteadifferentone.Andinmanycases,itwasnotconsistentwiththemakingofjazz.

Thus,thetrumpetsofBixBeiderbeckeandLouisArmstrongwereverydissimilar.Thewhitemiddle-classboyfromLowawasaninbornintellectualandhadanemotionallifethatwasbasedonhisconsciousorunconsciousdisapprovalofmostoftheritualofhisculture.OntheotherhandArmstrongwas,intermsofanemotionalarchetype,anhonoredpriestofhisculture.Hewasnotrebellingagainstanythingwithhismusic.TheincredibleironyofthesituationwasthatbothstoodinsimilarplacesinthesuperstructureofAmericansociety;Beiderbecke,becauseofhisisolationanddeviationfrommassculture;andArmstrong,becauseofthesocio-historicalseparationoftheblackmanfromtherestofAmerican.

1.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheunderlyingideaofthepassage?

2.WithwhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweenbluesandjazzinAmericanculturewouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

3.Thetoneoftheauthor’sdiscussionofthebluesisprimarilyoneof（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,BeiderbeckeandArmstrongweresimilarinwhichofthefollowing?

5.TheauthorimpliesthatthekindsofmusicproducedbyBeiderbeckeandArmstrongdiffergreatlybecause（）.

问题1选项

A.Becauseofenvironmentalinfluences,themusicofblackandwhiteartistsmustbeverydifferent.

B.Becauseitistheresultofthought,themusicofblackartistscanbelearnedbywhitemusicians.

C.Becausejazzisprimarilyamusicalformcreatedoninspiration,itisdifficultforonemusiciantocopythestyleofanother.

D.Becausemusichassocialsignificance,itsinfluenceonblackwhiterelationsshouldnotbeunderestimated.

问题2选项

A.JazzplacedmoreemphasisonAfro-Americanculturethandidtheblues

B.JazzchangedtheattitudesofwhitemusicianstowardAfro-Americanculture.

C.Jazzwasbasedonthebluesattitude,butexpresseditinamannerthatwascomprehensibletowhitemusicians.

D.Jazzwasaformofmusicthathadtobeunderstoodinordertobeplayed,whereastheblueshadtobelearned.

问题3选项

A.indifference

B.appreciation

C.curiosity

D.uncertainty

问题4选项

A.Theattitudestheybroughttotheirmusic.

B.Theirabilitytoreflectotherculturesintheirmusic.

C.Theirrelationshipstotheculturesoftheirancestors.

D.ThepositionstheycametoholdinAmericansociety.

问题5选项

A.theattitudesofblacksandwhitesasreflectedintheirmusicarenecessarilydifferent.

B.Beiderbecke’sintellectualismhamperedhisdevelopmentasamusician.

C.rebellionactedasadestructiveforceonBeiderbecke’sperformance.

D.ArmstrongwaswellestablishedasaperformerandBeiderbeckewasnot

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。第一段倒数第二句为本文的主旨句“Theblackman’smusicchangedashechanged,reflectingshiftingattitudesorconsistentattitudeswithinchangecontexts.”黑人的音乐随着他的改变而改变,反映了在变化的环境中态度的转变或态度的一致。这里的“contexts”指的是环境,所以选项A由于环境的影响,黑人和白人艺术家的音乐一定是非常不同的,符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段第三句“Howeverthewayinwhichjazzutilizestheblues“attitude”providedamusicalanalogythewhitemusiciancouldunderstand,andthushecouldarriveatastyleofjazzmusic.”爵士乐运用蓝调“态度”的方式提供了一个白人音乐家可以理解的音乐,因此他可以创造出一种风格的爵士乐。选项C符合原文。

3.观点态度题。根据第三段的内容可知,作者认为蓝调是爵士乐中极为重要的一部分。由此可知,作者的态度是支持的,赞赏的。选项B正确。

4.细节事实题。根据关键词“BeiderbeckeandArmstrong”定位到最后一段,“TheincredibleironyofthesituationwasthatbothstoodinsimilarplacesinthesuperstructureofAmericansociety;”令人难以置信的讽刺是,在美国社会的上层建筑中,这两个人所处的位置是相似的。选项D符合原文。

5.细节事实题。根据第三段的最后几句以及第四段的首句可知,Beiderbecke和Armstrong创作的音乐类型不同是因为黑人和白人对待音乐的态度是不同的,所以选项A正确。

13.单选题

Becauseoftheirchemicalstructure,syntheticdyesgenerally（

）

moreslowlythannaturalones.

问题1选项

A.penetrate

B.evaporate

C.fade

D.secede

【答案】C

【解析】penetrate渗透,看透；evaporate蒸发,挥发；fade褪色；secede脱离,退出。句意：由于化学结构的原因,合成染料通常比天然染料褪色慢。选项C符合句意。

14.单选题

Withhisface（）byamask,thefiremandashedintothehouseonfire.

问题1选项

A.hidden

B.concealed

C.screened

D.buried

【答案】C

【解析】四个词都有“掩饰,掩藏”之意,但侧重点不同。hide—般用于hidesb/sthinaplace；conceal隐瞒,一般表示“掩饰,不让别人发现”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保护的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根据句意可知,所以C符合语境。

15.单选题

（）theredcellsoftheblood,hemoglobin（血红蛋白）transportoxygenformthelungtothetissues.

问题1选项

A.Comparedto

B.Attackedby

C.Confinedto

D.Attributedto

【答案】D

【解析】comparedto与...相比；attachedby附属于；confinedto局限于,限制于；attributedto由于,归功于。句意：由于血液中的红细胞,血红蛋白将氧气从肺输送到组织。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

Savingmoneyregularlyduringone’sworkingyearswillhelpto（）one’soldagefromwant.

问题1选项

A.safeguard

B.assure

C.guard

D.guarantee

【答案】A

【解析】safeguard保护，保卫；assure保证，确保；guard防卫；guarantee保证，担保。safeguard...from...为固定搭配，表示“保护...使免于...”，句意：工作的时候定期存钱，有助于老年时期免受贫困之苦。选项A符合句意。

17.单选题

Evensensiblemendo（）thingssometimes.

问题1选项

A.abrupt

B.absurd

C.acute

D.apt

【答案】B

【解析】abrupt生硬的，唐突的；absurd荒谬的，可笑的；acute严重的，激烈的；apt恰当的，灵敏的。句意：即使明智的人有时也会做荒唐的事。选项B符合语境。

18.单选题

Thechildis______alltheevidenceforhisopinion.

问题1选项

A.notencourageeithertobecriticalforhisopinion

B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamine

C.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamine

D.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：孩子______被鼓励批判，______被鼓励检验支持他的观点的所有证据。A、B选项用法错误；C选项either…or“要么……要么”；D选项neither…nor“既不……也不……”。批判和检验都有判断是非对错的含义，属于同样的意思，D选项neither…nor比较符合题意。因此D选项正确。

19.单选题

Cropsdiesduringthe（）,resultinginfaminethroughoutthecountry.

问题1选项

A.adversity

B.disaster

C.drought

D.calamity

【答案】C

【解析】adversity灾难，逆境，不幸；disaster灾祸；drought干旱；calamity灾难，不幸事件。根据句意可知，庄稼应该是在旱季才会死亡，所以选项C符合语境。

20.翻译题

参与并取胜，这就是奥林匹克精神。他表现于弱者勇于向强者挑战，也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩。胜而又胜，优而更优，这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进。有人说竞技者终宄会是失败者，即使是最佳运动员也终将被更强者淘汰。成千上万个失败者才涌现一个胜利者，这个胜利者最终仍将被取代，挤出光荣榜——这就是竞技运动的规律。然而运动员却从不为这种不可避免的失败结局所沮丧，仍然力争最佳发挥。

【答案】Toparticipateandtowin—thatistheOlympicspirit.Itfindsexpressionintheweakdaringtodefythestrong,andthestrongstrivingforeverbetterperformance.Everbetter—theidealalwaysluringasportsmanforward.Itissaidthatnoneofthecompetitorscanavoidbeingdefeated—eventhebestisboundtobesurpassedbysomeonestillstronger.Thousandsofloserssetoffonevictorwhointurnwilleventuallybereplacedbysomeoneonthehonorlist.Thisistheruleofsports.However,undauntedbytheinevitablefailure,heisalwaysstrivingtodothebesthecan.

21.单选题

Manyyearshad（）beforetheyreturnedtotheiroriginalurbanareas.

问题1选项

A.floated

B.elapsed

C.preceded

D.proceeded

【答案】B

【解析】float漂流；elapse时间流逝；precede领先，在…之前；proceed开始，继续进行。句意：许多年过去了，他们才回到原来的城市。这里指时间流逝，所以选项B正确。

22.单选题

Wewatchthe（）oftheparachutesallthewayfromtheaircrafttotheground.

问题1选项

A.decline

B.spiral

C.descent

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】decline衰落；spiral螺旋上升；descend下降；sink下沉，渗透。根据句意可知，降落伞是从飞机上降落到地上，所以选项C符合句意。

23.单选题

VideoconferencingisnothingmorethanatelevisionsetorPCmonitorwithacamerathroughthevideoconferencing,notonlyyourvoicebutalsoyourface,thesurroundingsandanyothergraphicandphysical（1）canbecapturedandtransmittedthroughthecommunicationsystemwithorwithoutwires.Ofcourse,whenyougointothedetails,thetechnologyinvolvedisvery（2）andthesubjectmatterlitteredwithjargon.SuchasISDN(IntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork),POTS(PlainOldTelephoneService)orthe（3）behindbandwidth,latencyandisochronywhichareusedtoexplainhowvideoconferencingworks.Goodpeoplecommunicationis（4）inanybusiness,andthemoreinteractionyoucanachieve,themorelikelyitisthatyour（5）willbetherightones.Videoconferencingnotonlyallowsyoutospeaktopeopleindifferentlocations,butalsonote（6）expressionsandgesturesthatletyouknowwhattheotherpersonisreallythinking.Meetingaremademore（7）bysharingdocumentsandcomputerapplicationsthatasimpletelephonecannot（8）

.（9）,organizationsarediscoveringthecompetitiveadvantagesandthepowerofvideoconferencing.Withadvancesinperformance,economicalpricing,theabilityto（10）essentialmeetingtoolsandconnectivitytoglobaltelephonenetworksandstandardizedvideoconferencingprotocols,videoconferencingisnowapracticalrealityforanyorganization.

问题1选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题2选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题3选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题4选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题5选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题6选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题7选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题8选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题9选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

问题10选项

A.fortunately

B.effective

C.images

D.articulate

E.facial

F.manage

G.decisions

H.connect

I.advanced

J.integrate

K.progressive

L.concepts

M.pictures

N.increasingly

O.important

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:I

第3题:L

第4题:O

第5题:G

第6题:E

第7题:B

第8题:F

第9题:N

第10题:J

【解析】（1）分析句子结构可知填空处应填入名词,再由句意可知,被拍摄且传输应该是images,所以选项C正确。

（2）分析句子结构可知填空处应填入形容词,根据下句“litteredwithjargon”可知,选项I符合语境。

（3）根据下文“...whichareusedtoexplainhowvideoconferencingworks.”用来解释视频会议是如何工作的。由此推断,这里应该指带宽、延迟和等时性背后的概念,选项L正确。

（4）根据句意：良好的人际沟通在任何行业都是至关重要的。选项O符合语境。

（5）根据句意：你能达到的互动越多,你的决定就越有可能是正确的。选项G符合原文。

（6）根据下文的“expressionsandgestures”可知,原文指面部表情和手势,所以选项E正确。

（7）根据句意可知,通过共享文档和计算机应用程序,使得会议更高效。选项B符合原文句意。

（8）根据原文可知,共享文档和计算机应用程序是一个简单的电话所无法操作的,选项F符合语境。

（9）根据下文,组织正在发现视频会议的竞争优势和力量。选项N越来越多地,符合原文语境。

（10）根据原文句意可知,这里指具备整合必要会议工具的能力。所以选项J符合原文语境。

24.单选题

Samanthasobbeduncontrollablyandhidinthelockerroom,so______wassheabouthavinglostinthefinalsofthestatetennischampionship.

问题1选项

A.pragmatic

B.dejected

C.jubilant

D.indifferent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项pragmatic“务实的”；B选项dejected“沮丧的”；C选项jubilant“欢呼雀跃的”；D选项indifferent“漠不关心的”。句意：萨曼莎控制不住哭泣，躲在更衣室里，非常______她输掉了州网球锦标赛的决赛。输掉比赛以后萨曼莎哭泣，躲在更衣室里不想见人，B选项dejected“沮丧的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

25.单选题

Whenworkingonhisnovel,hewasperfectlycautiousnottomakeevena（）ofthepen.

问题1选项

A.slid

B.slip

C.glide

D.skid

【答案】B

【解析】aslipofthepen为固定搭配,意为“笔误”。句意：在写小说时,他非常小心谨慎以免出现笔误。选项B符合句意。

26.单选题

She（）alargesumtothecollegeendowmentfund.

问题1选项

A.submitted

B.donated

C.applied

D.granted

【答案】B

【解析】submit提交；donate捐赠；apply应用，申请；grant授权。根据“endowmentfund”可知这里是捐赠了一大笔钱，所以选项B正确。

27.单选题

Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit

问题1选项

A.exaggerated

B.implicit

C.impartial

D.extravagant

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸张的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪费的。句意：他默许我们拿走苹果,因为当他看到我们这样做时,他笑了。选项B符合句意。

28.单选题

Competentresearcherscitethemostauthoritativesource,butwhatcountsasauthoritativeagainvariesbyfield.Notetheauthoritieswhomresearchersinyourfieldcitemostoften,whatprocedurestheytrust,whatrecordstheyregularlycite.Ifyouaredealingwithprimarysources(originaltextsofbooks,plays,diaries,andsoon),besurethatyoureditionisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.Thereareon-lineelectroniceditionsofShakespearesosloppilyeditedthatusingthemwouldlabelyouasincompetent.

Whenstudentsareunfamiliarwithorcan’tfindauthoritativesecondarysourcesscholarlyjournalsandbooks——theyoftenresorttotertiarysources:textbooks,articlesinencyclopedias,mass-circulationpublications.Ifthesearetheonlysourcesavailable,sobeit,butneverassumethattheyareauthoritative.Beespeciallycautiousaboutbooksoncomplexissuesintendedformassaudiences.Authorswhowritefortheordinaryreaderaboutbrainsorblackholesareusuallycompetent,sometimesdistinguishedresearchers.Buttheymustalwayssimplify,sometimesoversimplify,andarealwaysoutofdate.Soifyoustartyourresearchwithapopularbook,lookatthedatesofthejournalscitedinitsbibliography.

Authorityalsodependsonbeingcurrent,butagain,differentfieldsjudgecurrencyindifferentways.Inthesciences,out-of-datamightbeamonthago.Inthehumanities,ascholarmightjudgeasreliableabookmorethanacenturyold.Thebestwaytojudgecurrencyistoskimdatesinbibliographiesofrecentjournalarticles.Whatseemstobethecutoffdate?Assumethatmosttextbooksandreferencebooksareout-of-date.

1.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageistotellstudents（）.

2.Theauthorswouldprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

3.Accordingtotheauthors,whatareauthoritativesources?

4.Whichofthefollowingbestparaphrasesthesentence“whatcountsasauthoritativeagainvariesbyfield”？

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.howtociteauthoritativesources

B.howtobecompetentresearchers

C.howtojudgeauthoritativesources

D.howtoreadauthoritativejournals

问题2选项

A.Competentresearchersmaynotrefertoon-lineelectroniceditions.

B.Scientificbooksmightberegardedasout-of-dateiftheywerecitedamonthago.

C.Studentsshouldnotresorttotertiarysourceseveniftheyareunfamiliarwithorcan’tfindauthoritativesecondarysources.

D.Originaltextsofbooks,plays,anddiariesarenotauthoritativebooks.

问题3选项

A.On-lineelectroniceditions.

B.Theeditionthatisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.

C.Areliablebookmorethanacenturyago.

D.Booksoncomplexissuesintendedformassaudiences.

问题4选项

A.Authoritativesourcesareconsideredimportantinsomefields.

B.Thenumberofauthoritativesourcesvariesindifferentfields.

C.Theimportanceofauthoritativesourcesisdifferentinresearchfields.

D.Authoritativesourcesarejudgeddifferentlyindifferentfields.

问题5选项

A.Out-of-datesourcesarenotcountedasauthoritative.

B.Studentsshouldnotusepopularbooks.

C.Primarysourcesarethebestauthoritativesources.

D.Secondarysourcesarehardtofind

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要讲的是如何判断资源的权威性,选项C更符合原文。

2.推理判断题。选项A明显错误；根据第二段第一句可知,选项C表述错误；根据第一段第三句可知,选项D表述错误；根据最后一段第一句“Authorityalsodependsonbeingcurrent”可推断,作者认为权威是有时效性的。所以选项B。

3.细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“Ifyouaredealingwithprimarysources(originaltextsofbooks,plays,diaries,andsoon),besurethatyoureditionisrecentandpublishedbyareputablepress.”选项B与原文表述一致。

4.推理判断题。句意指“什么才算权威又因领域而异”,再根据原文内容可知,作者指的是“不同领域对权威来源的判断是不同的。”选项D符合原文。

5.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者强调权威资料具有时效性,说明过时的资料不具备权威性。选项A正确。

29.单选题

Someeducatorstrytoputstudentsofsimilarabilitiesintothesameclassbecausetheybelievethiskindof（）groupingisadvisable.

问题1选项

A.homogeneous

B.instantaneous

C.spontaneous

D.anonymous

【答案】A

【解析】homogeneous同质的；instantaneous瞬间的；spontaneous自发的；anonymous匿名的。句意：一些教育工作者试图把能力相似的学生放在同一个班级，因为他们认为这种同质分组是可取的。选项A符合句意。

30.单选题

TheSmithswentintothedepartmentstoretobuythings,leavingtheircar’sengine（）over.

问题1选项

A.ticking

B.tumbling

C.turning

D.running

【答案】C

【解析】tickover进展缓慢；tumbleover打翻；turnover发动；runover复查。句意：史密斯一家到百货公司购物，没有关掉车的引擎。也就是说车的引擎还发动着，选项C符合句意。

31.单选题

ThetryptophanintheThanksgivingturkeyhad______effect,inducingsleepinthosewhoconsumedit.

问题1选项

A.aninvigorating

B.depreciatory

C.hypnotic

D.lethal

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。A选项aninvigorating“使精力充沛的”；B选项depreciatory“贬值的”；C选项hypnotic“有催眠作用的；安眠的”；D选项lethal“致命的”。句意：感恩节火鸡中的色氨酸有______的作用，能让吃火鸡的人入睡。色氨酸可以让人们入睡，可见有让人产生困意的作用，C选项hypnotic“有催眠作用的；安眠的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

32.翻译题

1.Iftheyoungengineerdidn’thaveallthesequalities,hecouldneverhavedonewhathehasdoneorhavethechanceofsucceedinginwhatheistryingtodo.

2.Cloningdoesn’tnecessarilymakecellsgrowold,andcanevenactasafountainofyouth,sayresearcherswhohavebeeninvestigatingagroupofclonedcalves.

3.Weoftenreachanimpasseinourthinking,atthatmomentwearelookingataproblem,andtryingtosolveitanditseemsthereisadeadend.

4.Thecurriculumofthehighschoolissimilartoconventionalschoolthatprovidepreparationforcollege,completewithEnglish,history,mathandscience,besides,allstudentsarerequiredtotakeperformingartsandsportsandprovideacommunityservice.

5.InthePhilippines,womenwerefoundtocontributeaboutathirdofhouseholds’cashincome,but55percentofhouseholdsupportiftheeconomicvalueoftheiractivitiesathome,suchasgrowingfood,orgatheringhaytofeedthefamilydonkey,isincluded.

【答案】1.如果这位年轻的工程师没有所有这些品质，他就不可能完成他所做的事情，也不可能有机会在他所尝试的事情上取得成功。

2.一直在研究一组克隆小牛的研究人员说，克隆不一定会使细胞衰老，甚至还能起到不老泉的作用。

3.我们经常在思维过程中陷入僵局，当我们看到问题并试图解决时，似乎就会有一个死胡同。

4.这所高中的课程与传统学校的课程类似，都为升入大学做准备，包括英语、历史、数学和科学。但所有的学生都必须选修表演艺术和体育，还要提供社区服务。

5.研究发现，在菲律宾，妇女贡献了家庭现金收入的三分之一，但如果算上家务的经济价值，比如种植粮食或收集干草饲养家中的驴子，则为家庭贡献了55%。

33.单选题

Themeaningofthispoemisvery（）;I