被动语态讲解

被动语态讲解姓名―.概念主窃语态：圣语是动作的发出者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者二.句型：主语+Be动词+动词的过去分词实际上被动语态的时态主要是通过be动词的变化体现出来的，各种时态的被动语态句型如下：一般现在时：主语+is/am/are+V过去分词+。。。。。。一般蒋来時：主语+willbe+V过去分询+。。。。。。或主语+is/am/aregoingtobe+V过去分词+。。。。。现在完成时：主语+have/hasbeen+V过去分词+•••..現在进行研:主语+am/is/are+being+V过罢分词+。。。一般过去研:主语+was/were+V过去分词+。。。。过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+V过去分词+。。。Eg:Theclassroomiscleandedeveryday.教室每天都打扫Theclassroomwascleanedyesterday.教室昨天打扫的Theclassroomwillbecleanedtomorrow.教室明天打扫Theclassroomhasbeencleanedalready.教室已经被打扫过了Theclassroomisbeingcleanednow.教室现在正在被打扫Theclassroomwasbeingcleanedatthatmoment.那时教室正在打扫三：含有情态动词的被动语态句型：主语+canbe/shouldbe/mustbe/couldbe+V过去分词+。。。Eg:Thebookcanbekeptfor3days.这本书你可以借三天Theoldmanshouldbespokentopolitely.对老人说话应该有礼貌Ourclassroommustbecleaned.莪们的教室必须要打宕了联系动词和一些特殊词不能用于被动语态联系动词不能用于被动语态，常见的有look（看起来），feel（摸起来），seem（似乎），taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来）Eg:Theapplestastegood.YoursweaterlooksniceThemilksmellsterrible.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.有一些特殊的词，习惯上也不用被动语态，如happen,takeplace,growwell（涨的好），writewell（好写），sellwell（好窦），washeas订y（容易洗）。。。Theaccidenthappenedyesterday.Oursportsmeetingw订1takeplacenextweek.我们的运动会下周举办Thetreesgrowwell.这些树涨陥很好Thenewpenwriteswell.这只新副结很好写Yourcoatwasheseasily.徐的莎卜養根舜洗在主动语态中，有些动词后跟不肅to的动词不定式，如makesbdosth,seesbdosth,hearsbdosth,但在菠动语态中，这些to亦必须加上去如：主动语态被动语态让某人做某事makesbdosthbemadetodo被迫做某事；被要求做某事让某人做某事havesbdosthbehadtodo被迫做某事；械要求做某事让某人做某事letsbdosthbelettodo被迫做某事；被宴求做某事

看见某人做某事seesbdosthbeseentodo被看到做某事看着某人做某事watchsbdosthbewatchedtodo被看着做某事看到棄人廠棄事noticesbdosthbenoticedtodo稜看到厳棄事听见棄人廠棄事hearsbdosthbeheardtodo被盼到橄棄事注意：①在主动语态中，可用helpsbdosth或helpsbtodosth,但在被动语态中，只能用behelpedtodosth◎)表示看到金听到某人做某事的句型中，主动语态用doing,被动语态还是用doing如：主动语态被动语态、hearsbdoingbehearddoing被听到正在做某事seesbdoingbeseendoing被看到正在做某事练习：Thestudentsaremadealotofhomeworkeveryday.A.doingB.todoC.doD.doneYouwereseenintheplaygroundat5p.myesterday.A.runningB.runC.torunD.runing被动语态专项练习一、选择题(2X15=30分))1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyear?化bu化化Is;builtB.Was;built化bu化化)2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened)3.Cotton(棉花)inthesoutheastofChina.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.「w)4.Sofar,themoonbymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited()5.AtalkonChinesehistoryA.isgivenintheschoolhallnextweek.B.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives()6.Howmanytreesthisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()7.Alotofthingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow・A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()8・一一Whenthiskindofcomputers?一一Lastvear・A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()9.TheGreatWallallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()10.Whothisbook?A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;

writtenD.was;written()11.AstorybyGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus()12.Themonkeywasseenoffthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump()13.Theschoolbagbehindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput()14.Olderpeoplewell.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter()15.Ourteachercarefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened二、目括号内所岁动词的正确形式填空。(1X20=20分)(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge(build)intwomonths.Wheretohavethemeeting(discuss)now.Whichlanguagethemostwidely(speak)intheworld?Thelostboy(notfind)sofar.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees(cut)down.Thestudentsoften(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.Theoldmanisill.He(mustsend)tothehospital.Vegetables,eggsandfruits(sell)inthisshop.Whatknives(make)of?_(take)outofthelibrary?(clean)bymeeveryday.(see)(water)(sell)(be)10._(take)outofthelibrary?(clean)bymeeveryday.(see)(water)(sell)(be)6.17.

三、Canthemagazine_TheroomThestarscan't_SomeflowersThiskindofshoesinthedaytime,byLiMingalready,well.HowlongyouruncleHowlongyouruncleThefoodLook!Someone(smell)delicious._(dance).按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。(1X30=30分)IsteagrowninSouthChina?(改为主动语态)peopleteainSouthChina?2.1amgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.(同义句转换)Abirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(对划线提问)Howtheworkgoingtobefinished?ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)AnEnglishsongbythechildren.3322Youneedn'tdoitnow.（改为被动语态）Itbyyounow.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.（改为被动语态）Metalmakingmachines.Hemademedothatforhim.（改为被动语态）Ithatforhim.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.Thefootballmatchbythem.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?（改为被动语志）abridgeherebythemayearago?Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.（改为被动语态）Thelightgreendressesout.Wecallthegame"Lianliankan”.（改为被动语态）Thegame"Lianliankan"byus.四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。（1今0=10分）Thenewbike（买给我）bymyparentsasapresentlastweek.yourmobilephone（是国产的吗）？Thewholemountainis（覆盖）thesnow.五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。（10分）®Ihavealotofhomeworktobedonetonight.②Isyourhistoryteacherlistenedcarefullyinclass?®LeiFeng'snamerememberedbyallChinesepeople.@Themusicissoundedbeautiful.©BywhowasthisneweducationalCD-ROMdesigned?_、单项选择（）1.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?—Yes.Ourclassroomeveryday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning（）2.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.give（）3.Hisnewbooknextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingA.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.（）4.C.isbeingpublishedD.（）4.—DidyougotoJack'A.amnotinvitedB.wasn'（）5.—Mum,canIgotothehasbeenpublishedsbirthdayparty?—No,I.tinvitedC.haven'tinvitedD.didn'tinvitezoowithJack?—Whenyourhomework,youcan.A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did（）6.TwentyyearoldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.beallowedD.allowed.()7.Seeinghimrushintotheroomwithtearsinhiseyes,Iaskedhimwhat,A.wouldhappenB.hadhappenedC.happenedD.washappened.()8.ThebookBusiness@theSpeedofThoughtin1999.A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswritten.)9.Treesandflowers_everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted.()10.China'ssportsstarsYaoMingandLiuXiangGoodWillAmbassadors(亲善大使)forShanghai.A.hasbeennamedB.havebeennamedC.hasnamedD.havenamed.()11.Theearthisourhome.Itwell.A.mustbeprotectedB.shouldprotectC.needprotectD.shouldprotected.()12.Inrecentyears,manychildrenaremadewhattheyarenot.A.todo;interestedinB.todo;interesteddo;interestedD.do;interested.()13.anewlibraryinyourschoollastyear?A.Is;bu订tB.Was:bu订tC.Does;bu订tD.Did;bu订t.()14.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened.()15.CotteninthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow.()16.Sofar,themoonbymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited.()17.Howmanytreesthisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted.()18.Alotofthingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone.()19.NeitheroftheminChinaA.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made.()20.Look!Anicepictureforourteacher.A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws.()21.Yourshoes.Youneedanewpair.A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn.()22.Thedoctorforyet.A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensentC.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent.()23—Whenthiskindofcomputer?—Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()24.TheGreatWall_aboutallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown.()25.1insummer.A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn.()26.HesaysthatMrZhangtothefactorynextweek.A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent.()27.Whothisbook_?A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.do;writtenD.was;written()28.Maryshowmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto()29.Astory_byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus()30.Themonkeywasseenoutofthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump感叹句讲解感叹句句型：Whata/an+adj+n(单数)+主谓结构！What+adj+n(不可薮£询或复数虽词)+主谓结构！How+adj/adv+主谓结构！主意：1.主谓结构可被省略判断感叹句的引导词是用What,whata,whatan或how，主要看中心词，中心词就是被修饰词，通常是位于主谓结构前面的那一个词。有时主谓结构被省略，那这时整个句子的最最后一个词就是中心词。如果中心词是可数名词的单数，前面的引导词就用whata或whatan;如眞中心词臭可数名词府衣数或不司薮名询，俞宙的导询就用what;如果中心词是形容迥或副词，前面就用How表示一场大火abigfire一场大风astrongwind一场大雨aheavyrain一场大雪aheavysnow一场大雾athicksmog或aheavysmog在构成感叹句时，前面的a不能省略e.g:Whatabigfire!多大的一场火啊！Whataheavysnowitis!套大药一松雪啊！表示“玩得真异心啊”用whatagoodtime!或whatanice(great,wonderful)time!聂示"負有趣”，用Whatfun!Whatgreatfun!Howfunny!练习：选用whata,whatan,what,或how填空1.badweather!2.cleanthewateris!3.interestingbookitis!4.heavysnowitistoday：5.goodnewsvoutoIdme!6.goodtimetheyarehaving7.heavyrain!8.cleverboyMillieis!9.usefulbookitis!10.importantEnglishis!11.delicisiousfooditis!12.strongwinditis13.cleverboystheyare!14.happilytheyareplaying!15.difficuIthomeworkwehadyesterday!16.cutedogitis!17.interestingthestoryis!18.badtheweatherinEnglandis!19.honestboyTomis!20.tastysmellthecakegaveoff!21.goodtimewehadonthebeachyesterday!22.excitingnewsvouvebroughtus!23.coolyournewcaris!24.scarythesetigersare!

fasttheboyran!HowB.HowanC.WhatWhatanwellyousingbutbadlyhedances!How,howB.What,whatHow,whatD.What,howdeliciousthesoupis!I'dlikesomemore,HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatanfoolstheywere!Theybelievedwhattheman二、选择填空。saidD••••••••1A2Ac3A4A.HowB.HowanWhatanC・WhatD.5.foolishtheywere!Theybelievedwhatthemanid.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan&difficuItquestionstheyare!Ican'tanswerm.A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan7.Imissmyfriendverymuch.Iwanttosee]A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan&lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan9.beautifulyournewdressis!A.HowB.HowanC・WhatD.Werestingworkitistoteachchildren!A.HowB.HowanC・WhatD.Whattheher!反意疑问句sa构廈：一段陈述+简短提问简短提问通常由助动词(do,does,did,will,have/has**),be动词(is,are,was,were)，情态动词(can,could,need)的肯定或否定形式，轲加一个人祿代词(he,she,it,they,you-)构成，用肯定提问还是否是提间，主要裱据前面的陈速斬分。如果前面的陈述部分是肯定意义，后面就用否定提问；如果前面的陈述部分是否定意义，后面就用肯定提问。e.g:Heisateacher,?JimlikesEnglishverymuch,?Yourfatherdoesn'thaveacar,?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTheyarefromChina,?Lucyisn'tatschooltoday,?Kittydidn'tfinishhomework,?MrJihasgotmarried,,?Shewillvisityoutommow,?注意点：1.有些句中出现一些特殊表示否定意义的词，如seldom（很少），hardly（几乎不），little（几手没有），few（几乎後肴），never（从不）等，逡时句子是杏定句，后面用肯定毘问E.g:Millieseldomgetsuplate,,?HecanhardlyspeakEnglish,?There'slittlemilkinthebottle,?AmyhasfewfriendsinChina,?Youareneverlateforschool,?Therebe句型，完成反义疑问句时，后面提问仍用theree.g:Thereisacatinmyhouse,?Therearen'tanyapplesonthetree,?Thereisn'tanywateronthedesk,?Therearelotsofstudentsontheplayground,?所有的祈使句完成反义疑问句时，无论是肯定的，还是否定的，完成反义疑问句时，提问都用willyouE.g:Don'tlookoutofthewindow,willyou?Pleasestandup,willyou?Havearest,willyou?Pleasedon'tcopyhomework,willyou?Let's•••,shallwe?Letus…，willyou?e.g:Let'sgotoschool,shallwe?Letusplayfootball,willyou?陈述部分香有表示猜测意义的词，如mustbe（—定），maybe（可能），can'tbe（不可能），maynotbe（可能不，不一定），后面完成反义疑问句时提问仍用be动词（is,are等）E.g:Jimmaybeathome,isn'the?Theymustbeangry,aren'tthey?Yourfathercan'tbeateacher,ishe?含有un,dis,ir,in,less等否定词缀的派生词构成的反义疑问句时，如unhappy,dislike,useless,等，虽然句子的意思是否定的，但整个句子仍应看成肯定句，后面用否定提问如：Helooksunhappy,doesn,the?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？Thegirldislikeshistory,doesn,tshe?这女技不宣欢历史，不是吗？TOC\o"1-5"\h\zLucyisunhappytoday,?Jimisadishonestboy,?Thisan