英语报刊选读chapter-4-law-and-crime课件

英语报刊阅读SelectiveReadinginEnglishPrintNewsMediaZhejiangSci-TechUniversity

Chapter4SelectiveReadinginEnglishPrintNewsMediaZhejiangSci-TechUniversityLawandCrimeText1andExercisesABriefIntroduction1TextAnalysis2Exercises3Docomputergamesincreasetendenciestoviolenceinchildren?Thereisagrowingbodyofopinionthatthehighlevelofviolencedepictedinmanycomputergamesdoeshaveadeleterious(毒害身心的)effectonchildren,contributingtotheobservedincreaseinviolentbehaviourexhibitedbyjuveniles.AccordingtoanarticleintheJune1994issueofPsychologyDigest,adefinitecorrelationhasbeenestablishedbetweenthegrowingviolenceontelevisionandinmoviesandtheincreaseinaggressivebehaviourofpeopleingeneral,butespeciallyintheyoung.UnderstandingtheRatingSystemTheEntertainmentSoftwareRatingBoard(ESRB)isanindustryorganizationthathasdevelopedaratingsystemforcomputer,Internetandvideogames.MostgamessoldinNorthAmericaareratedusingthissystem.ESRBthreeparts:

ratingsymbolssuggestageappropriatenessforthegame(onthefrontofthegamebox)contentdescriptorstoindicateelementsinagamethatmayhavetriggeredaparticularratingand/ormaybeofinterestorconcern(onthebackofthegamebox);moredetailedratingsummariesthatareavailablethroughtheESRBWebsite.QuestionsforComprehension1.“whenthekillingoccurred”means

whenhesawthatthetwoboyswereplayingabloodyvideogame,inwhich,Mike,thefriendofhis10-year-oldson,killedanunarmedopponent.Thesceneofkillingwasveryvivid,justlikewhatishappeninginthereality.2.reasonshewasshocked:itwasvivid,likearealmurder.Theboyswerestillsoyoung,whiletheyarelearninghowtokillaperson,evenanunarmedone,andwhat’sworse,theylookenjoyingitverymuch.Thisisreallyterrible.3.reason:Therearemanyviolentcasesliketheseexistinginourlife,childrenarejustcopyingtheverybadexamples.5.differences:

Invideoorcomputergames：Itisvividandinteractivewithlifelikecharacters,detailedimagesofbrutality,heart-poundingmusic,macabresoundeffectandauthenticvoice.Itletsyoufeelthesensationofcommittingviolentacts.Youwillfeeljustinthegame.Inmoviesandtelevision:

youjustwatch,withoutparticipation.6.Therapidevolutionofgametechnologywillmakeitpossible.8.AboutESRB(EntertainmentsoftwareRatingBoard)abriefaccount:it’saratingsystemtoinformparentsofgamesfeaturingviolentandsexuallyorientedcontent.Andthissystemdividesgamesinto5categories：EC,E,T,M,AOPurpose:thesystemisnotdesignedtokeepmaturegamesawayfromchildren,buttogiveparentsthetoolstodeterminewhattheydoordon’twantfortheirchildren.Achievements:mostpeoplethinktheratingsystemisaccurate.9.

No.Childrenarestilltooyoungtomakeagooddistinctionbetweenrightandwrong,andtheyalwayshaveastrongdesiretoimitatewhattheythinkcool,sosomeunkindgamesshouldbekeptawayfromtheinnocentchildren.10.Contradictoryattitudes:Theytrumpeteducationalgamesinhelpingdevelopkids’learningskills.(thegameshavegreatinfluenceonchildren.)Theydiscountthebaserinfluenceonbehaviorandattitudes.(gameshavenoinfluenceonchildren)forexample:therehasnoevidencetoshowthatvideogamesincreaseviolenceinchildren.11.

Justlikethesoldiersandpoliceofficerstrainedtokillincombat,thekidsaretaughthowtokillinthesameway.It’shardtorefusetheeffectofsuchviolenceduetotheconditionalreflex.FurtherReading2ABriefIntroduction1DifficultSentences2Exercises3FurtherReading2

V.PhraseTranslationDeathHouse/deathrowcapitalpunishment/deathpenalty/capitaloffence/capitalcrimecabletelevisionChamberofcommercecriminaljusticeelectricchairwarden/correctionalofficersforgoodorillunthinkableactsofviolencePrisonMuseumP.112正是因为这座监狱的存在，才了有今天的山姆·休斯顿大学，因为我们学校最大的研究课题就是刑事司法，没有附近的监狱，我们的研究就不可能像现在这样深入彻底。P.113“对于监狱里的死刑处决，我们可能有点冷漠”，昆寇坦白说，“我得说一般的亨茨维尔人都不大可能比其他任何地方的人更反对处决死刑犯”。P114（sentence2）实际上，我认为死刑的存在能够更好地表明我们对于无辜生命的价值的尊重，因为它让那些损害别人利益的人明白一个道理：他们要为自己无法想象的暴力行为付出最终的代价。P114（sentence3）决定人生