2017考研英语冲刺试题及解析（阅读理解3）

1、2017考研英语冲刺试题及解析（阅读理解3） 相关推荐： HYPERLINK /show/7628617.html t _blank 2017年考研现场确认时间及地点汇总 HYPERLINK /show/7602343.html t _blank 全国各地2017年考研报考点汇总 HYPERLINK /show/7518431.html t _blank 2017年考研时间、研究生考试时间安排 HYPERLINK /show/7509382.html t _blank 2017年考研大纲下载及解析汇总 HYPERLINK /kaoyan/kyjz/ t _blank 2017年全国硕士研究生招

2、生简章专题 新东方网校推荐： HYPERLINK /alliance/click?userid=ff80808142e9ed180142e9ed18010000&url=/ke/kaoyan/ t _blank 2017年考研政治、英语、数学课程！点击进入免费试听 HYPERLINK /alliance/click?userid=ff80808142e9ed180142e9ed18010000&url=/ke/kaoyan/ t _blank The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers andacquisitions ever

3、witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America toEurope and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in thesecountries are looking at this process and worrying: “Wont the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollableanti-competitive force?Theres no question th

4、at the big are getting bigger and morepowerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% ofinternational trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growingrapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment ofproduction in economies that open up and welcome f

5、oreign investment. InArgentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationalswent from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largestfirms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smallereconomic firms, of national businessmen and over th

6、e ultimate stability of theworld economy.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&Awave are the same that underlie the globalization process: fallingtransportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers andenlarged markets that require enlarged operations c

7、apable of meeting customersdemands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. Asproductivity grows, the worlds wealth increases.Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration waveare scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms todaycould re-create

8、the same threats to competition that were feared nearly acentury ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergersof telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices forconsumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary,the price

9、of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration isincreasingwitness Daimler andChrysler, Renault and Nissanbut it does notappear that consumers are being hurt.Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. Afew weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamerge

10、rs in the bankingindustry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of lastresort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Wont multinationalsshift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict aboutinfringements to fair competition? And should one countr

11、y take upon itself therole of“defendingcompetition on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs.Microsoft case?33. What is the typical trend of businesses today?ATo take in more foreign fundsBTo invest more abroadCTo combine and become biggerDTo trade with more countries34. According

12、to the author, one of the driving forces behindM&A wave is _.Athe greater customer demandsBa surplus supply for the marketCa growing productivityDthe increase of the worlds wealth35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _.Athe increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumersBWorldCom serves as a

13、good example of both benefits and costsCthe costs of the globalization process are enormousDthe Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition36. Toward the new business wave, the writers attitude can besaid to be _.AoptimisticBobjectiveCpessimisticDbiased解析33. What is the typical trend of bus

14、inesses today? 今天的商业典型的发展趋势是什么?ATo take in more foreign funds 吸收更多外资BTo invest more abroad 进行更多对外投资CTo combine and become bigger 合并做强DTo trade with more countries 与更多国家贸易【答案】 C【考点】事实细节题。【分析】文章第一段中说“世界正在经历一场前所未有的的的并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国开始，横扫欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家”，因此可以判断正确答案是 C 。34. According to the autho

15、r, one of the driving forces behindM&A wave is _.根据本文作者，在合并浪潮背后的一个驱动力是 _ 。Athe greater customer demands 更大的消费需求Ba surplus supply for the market 对市场的剩余供给Ca growing productivity 日益增长的生产率Dthe increase of the worlds wealth世界财富的增长【答案】 A【考点】事实细节题。【分析】根据“合并浪潮的推动力”可以定位到第三段。在作者看来，“日趋下降的运输与通讯费用，较低的贸易与投资壁垒，以及市

16、场的扩大和为满足市场需求而进行的扩大生产，是推动这股巨大的并购浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推动全球化进程的力量”。将四个选项对比这三个因素，只有 A 包括了根据顾客的需要扩大市场这个因素。35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _.从第四段中我们可以推断出 _ 。A the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers日益增长的集中肯定会损害消费者的利益B WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs世通就是一个合并利与弊的

17、好例子C the costs of the globalization process are enormous全球化进程的成本很高D the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition标准石油托拉斯或许已经威胁到竞争【答案】 D【考点】推断题。【分析】 A “日益增长的集中肯定会损害消费者的利益”与原文第四段第一句不符合，因为作者说“这股合并浪潮是带来益处还是弊端的实例还很少”，因此很难说肯定会带来损害。 B 提到“世通”，说是一个带来利益和降低成本的好例子。这句说是“价格没有随着合并而提高”，并没有提到价格降低问题，因此，合并虽

18、然没有伤害消费者，也没有给他们带来利益。 C 本段没有涉及。 D 可以从文中“很难想像当今的几个石油公司的合并能够再次造成像 100 年前美国标准石油托拉斯对竞争形成的威胁”，这说明当年这个石油公司肯定曾经对竞争造成巨大威胁。36. Toward the new business wave, the writers attitude can be said to be _.作者看待新的商业浪潮的态度可以说是 _ 。Aoptimistic 乐观的Bobjective 客观的Cpessimistic 悲观的Dbiased 歧视的【答案】 B【考点】作者态度题。【分析】本题考查考生是否了解作者的态度

19、。文中作者提到了“合并”的益处，但是同时也在第四段中提到“我们必须警惕这样的合并浪潮”。作者是从两个方面来谈论这个问题的，因此我们可以判断作者的态度应该是客观的。难句解析：1. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role ofsmaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stabilityof the world economy.【结构分析】本题的主干是“ Thisphenomenon has created serious c

20、oncerns ”，两个“ over”引导介宾短语，是并列的成分，做“ concern ”的定语。而“ ofsmaller economic firms ”与“ofnational businessmen ”都是第一个“ role ”的定语。2. I believe that the most important forces behind the massiveM&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: fallingtransportation and communication costs, lower t

21、rade and investment barriers andenlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands.【结构分析】本句主句是“ Ibelieve ”，“ that ”引导一个宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中，后面的“ that ”前面省略了“ forces ”，这个“ that ”引导一个定语从句，修饰这个省略的“ forces ”。冒号后面的部分是“ themost important forces ”的同位语，其中“ markets”后面的“ that ”引导定语从句修饰“ markets ”，“ capableof meeting customers demands ”是“operations ”的定语。全文翻译：世界正在经历一场前所未有的的的并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国开始，横扫欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家。这些国家的许多人面对这个浪潮，倍感忧虑：“商业集中的浪潮会不会演变成一股无法控制的反竞争的力量?”无疑，