夏导学阅读真题2015第3至

1、 Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is (1)a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has (2) . The study is a genome-wide ysis conducted (3)

2、1,932 unique subjects which (4)pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both (5) .While1% may seem (6) , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even (7) their fourth cousins but s

3、omehow manage to sele friends the people who (8) our kin.”The study (9) found that tes for smell were something shared in friendsbut not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now. (10) , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments bu

4、t there is more (11)it. There could be many mechanisms working together that (12)us in choosing genetically similar friends (13) “functional kinship” of being friends with (14) !One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving (15) than other genes. Studying

5、 this could help (16) why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major (17) factor.The findings do not simply explain peoples (18) to befriend those of similar (19)backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of

6、 European extraction, care was taken to (20) that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1.ABCD2.ABCD3.ABCD 4.ABCD5.ABCD6.ABCD7.ABCD8.ABCD9.ABCD 10.ABCD11. ABCD 12. ABCD13.Aaccording BratherCregardlessDalong 14. ABCD15.ABCD16.ABCD17. ABCD18. ABCD19. ABCD20. A BCD 20

7、15年（英语一）阅读理解部分A节（节选King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings dont abdicate, they die in their sleep.” But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarc

8、hy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following of the Franco regime, mon

9、archs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit ofnational It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not countin

10、g Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid thedifficultsearchforanon-controversial butrespectedpublicEven so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity

11、 as they claim to be, their very history and sometimes the way they behave today embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomaetty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aris

12、tocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party wi

13、th the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintainthe rightWhileEuropesmonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsome timetocome,itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.It is only the Queen who has p the monarchys reputation with her r

14、ather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service as non-controversial and non-pol

15、itical heads of state.Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies.Accordingto thetwoparagraphs, KingJuanCarlosofused to enjoyhigh publicwasunpopular amongEuropean easedhisrelationshipwithhisended hisreign inMonarchsarekeptash

16、eadsofstateinEuropeowingtotheir undoubtedandrespectable toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandtogive votersmorepublicfiguresto lookupduetotheir everlastingpoliticalWhichofthefollowingisshowntobeodd,according toParagraph AristocratsexcessiverelianceoninheritedTheroleofthenobilityinmodernThesimplelifest

17、yleofthearistocraticThenobilitysadherencetotheirTheBritish royals“have mosttofear”because takesatough line onpoliticalfailstochangehislifestyleastakesrepublicansashispotentialfailsto adapthimselftohisfutureWhich ofthefollowingisthe besttitle ofthe Carlos,GloryandDisgraceCharles,AnxioustoSucceedto th

18、eCarlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanCharles, SlowtoReact totheComing 2015 年（英语二）阅读理解部分B节YouarenotExperiencehelpsyouPaveyour ownuniqueMostofyour fearsareThinkaboutthepresentDontfearresponsibilityforyourThere are manythingstobegratefulSomeOld Truthsto Help e ToughUnfortuna y, life is not a bed of roses. We a

19、re going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usuallyseems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they wont last When our time of mourning is

20、over, ress forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities frowth and happiness. I want to share these old truths Ive learned along the way.Fear isbothuseful andharmful. This normal human

21、 reaction is used to protectby signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortuna y, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very re

22、al. But fear is a choice.” I do comple y agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.If youare surrounded by problemsandcannot stop thinkingabout thepast, tryfocus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. Youmay feelguiltover

23、your past, butyou arepoisoning thepresent with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future

24、and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. can be easily caught up by life problems that you f et to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to s and value their l

25、ife instead of crying and complaining about something.No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in yourlife, es

26、peciallyyour dearestandnearestpeople.Youmayhave acircleoffriends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.Today many people f

27、ind it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek by gaining objectivity fromexternal sources. Thisway you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decis

28、ion is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices. 2015 年（英语二）阅读理解部分C节Think about driving a route thats very familiar. It could be commute towork, atripintotownor theway home. Whichever it is, you knowevery twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips its easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequenc