【临床医学】营养不良共24张课件

1、Protein-energy Malnutrition(PEM【临床医学】营养不良Protein-energy Malnutrition(PEMDefinitionPEM is manifested primarily by inadequatedietary intakes of protein and energy.PEM is almost always accompanied bdeficiencies of other nutrientPEM can be divided as primary PEM andsecondary pEM.CausesCauses of Primary

2、PEMInadequate food intakenadequate infant and child feeding practicesSecondary causesIncreased nutrient needsDecreased nutrient absorptionIncreased nutrient lossesProtein-energy Malnutrition【临床DefinitionPEM is manifested primarily by inadequatedietary intakes of protein and energy.PEM is almost alwa

3、ys accompanied bdeficiencies of other nutrientPEM can be divided as primary PEM andsecondary pEM.DefinitionCausesCauses of Primary PEMInadequate food intakenadequate infant and child feeding practicesSecondary causesIncreased nutrient needsDecreased nutrient absorptionIncreased nutrient lossesCauses

4、Pathophysiology of PEMDisorder of metabolismProtein: Protein catabolism hypoalbuminemiaFat: mobilized fat store, emaciation, fatty infiltration,fatty liverCarbohydrate: low hepatin, hypoglycemiaWater, minerals: dehydration, low serum CaconcentrationPathophysiology of PEMDisorder of organs and tissue

5、sFailure to thrive2, lower digested function: diarrhea3, Central nerve system: apathy, or irritability4, Cardiovascular system: pulse slow, Low BE5, lower renal function urine amount decrease6 low immunologic function: easy to infectDisorder of organs and tissuesClinical manifestationsNonedematous P

6、EM (marasmus)Failure to gain weightIrritabilityWeight loss and listlessnessskin become wrinkled and looseSubcutaneous fat disappearMuscle: atrophy, hypotoniaPulse slowConstipation, a starvation diarrheaClinical manifestationsEdematous PEM (Kwashiorkor)Vague manifestationsLethargy, apathy, or irritab

7、ilityInadequate growthIncreased susceptibility to infectiousVomiting diarrhea, anorexiaFlabby subcutaneous tissueEdemaLiver enlargementDermatitisHair sparse and thinEdematous PEM (Kwashiorkor)Laboratory examinationSerum albumin concentrationRetinal combined proteinPre-albumintransferrinIGF-ILaborato

8、ry examinationDiagnosisHistoryClinical manifestationsy laboratory examinationy Anthropometric indicatorsDiagnosisWHO Z-score systemunderweightchronic or acute malnutritionX-3SDW/AX-2SDmoderateW/AX-3SDseverestuntinglong-term chronic malnutritionX-3SDH/AX-2SDmoderateH/AX-3SDseverewastingrecent acute malnutrition3SDW/HX-2SDmoderateW/HX-3SDsevereWHO Z-score system【临床医学】营养不良共24张课件【临床医学】营养不良共24张课件【临床医学】营养不良共24张课件【临床医学】营养不良共24张课件【临床医学】营养不良共24张课件【临床医学】营养不良