非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)

1、非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)10/10非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)非谓语动词用法归纳一、表格的用法doing的用法Youshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes.Thebookisworthreading.Thebookdeservesreading.（2）表进行Walkingonthegrassland,Isawasnake.=WhenIwaswalkingonthegrassland,Isawasnake.ThemanspeakingEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhoisspeakingEnglishisTom.（3）表主动Theman

2、speakingEnglishisTom=ThemanwhospeaksEnglishisTom.=ThemanwhospokeEnglishisTom.Nobodydinksboilingwaterbutboiledwater.=Nobodydinkswaterthatisboilingbutthewaterthathasboiled.（4）表陪伴IstandoutsidewaitingforMr.Chen.Ilieinbedreadinganovel.（5）表性质；特色Thefilmisverymoving.Sheisunderstanding,soyouhadbetterdiscussy

3、ourbusinesswithher.（6）归纳性,一般性1/10Climbingmountainisveryinteresting.Drivingacarduringtherushhouristiring在顶峰时辰开车令人讨厌。(归纳性,一般性)Ourworkisservingthepeople7）动名词的逻辑主语为；人称代词的全部格+动名词；名词s+动名词。比方：Tominsistedonmygoingwiththem他坚持要我和他们一同去。Hedislikeshiswifesworkinglate他不喜爱他老婆工作得很晚。2.beingdone表示正在进行的被动Theboybeingcr

4、iticizedbyMr.ChenisTom.=TheboywhoisbeingcriticizedbyMr.ChenisTom.BeingcriticizedbyMr.Chen,theboyfeltsad.=WhentheboywasbeingcriticizedbyMr.Chen,hefeltsad.Thebuildingbeingbuiltwillbethetallestoneinthiscity.Thebuildingthatisbeingbuiltwillbethetallestoneinthiscity.3.havingdone有先后动作表达成(一般用在句首)Havingfinis

5、hedtheclass,Iwenthome.=AfterIhadfinishedtheclass,Iwenthome.Havingdonethework,Ihadashortrest.=AfterIhaddonethework,Ihadashortrest.Havingdonethework,Iwentbackhome.Havingbeendone,theworkwascheckedbytheleaders.4.havingbeendone用于句首；有先后动作表达成有先后动作表达成,（有过去时间或过去动作）2/10Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunity

6、tostudyabroadtwoyearsago.(要求动词后)=IappreciatethatIwasgiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.Havingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago,Istillappreciateyourhelpthen.BecauseIwasgiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago,IstillappreciateyourhelpthenIappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportuni

7、tytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.IenjoygivingtheopportunitytostudyabroadtoMr.Wang.Iappreciatebeinggiventheopportunitytostudyabroadnow.Havingbeenfinished,thereportwasturnedin.=Afterthereporthadbeenfinished,itwasturnedin.5.todo的用法:(1)用在要求动词后:接todo的动词（作宾语）attempt妄图afford负担得起arrange安排appear忧如，显得ask问agree赞同bel

8、ieve以为、相信begin开始beg恳求bother搅乱/烦忧care关怀，喜爱choose选择claim要求consent赞同，赞同contrive想法，图谋demand要求destine注定determine决定dread惧怕desire梦想decide决定enable能够expect希望endeavor努力fail不可以够hate恼恨/憎恶happen刚巧hesitate狐疑hope希望intend想要incline有偏向long希望love爱learn学习mean意欲，打算manage想法neglect忽视need需要omit忽视，漏offer供给pretend假装plan计划pre

9、fer喜爱/情愿prepare准备profess表示promise许诺/赞同propose建议refuse拒绝swear起誓start开始seek找/搜寻try试图undertake承接volunteer志愿vow起wish希望want想要(2)表示详细动作，特别是表示未来的动作(做表语)。Ourworkistoservethepeople3/10ThepersontodothejobisTom.=ThepersonwhowilldothejobisTom.Todotwothingsatatimeistodoneither一次做两件事等于未做。WhatIwouldsuggestistostar

10、tworkatonce.我的建议是马上开始干。假如主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。Toseeistobelieve.百闻不如一见。Toworkmeanstoearnaliving工作就是为了生活。假如主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what指引的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起增补说明作用。Hiswishistobuyaluxuriouscarinthenearfuture他的希望是在不远的未来买一辆豪华轿车。ThefunctionofLouisS

11、ullivansarchitecturewastoprovidelargeuninterruptedfloorareasandtoallowamplelightintotheinterior.Themostimportantthingistonegotiatewiththemaboutthefutureoftheplant省to的动词不定式1）神态动词(除ought外，oughtto)：2）使役动词let,have,make；在被动语态中则to不可以够省却。Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.3）感

12、官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省略to。在被动语态中则to不可以够省却。4/10Isawhimdance.=hewasseentodance.注：感官动词还能够够接此刻分词，表示一个（短暂）动作正在进行；不定式则表示动作的整个过程。Isawhimdance.（整个跳舞的过程）Isawhimdancing.（我看见他时，他正在跳舞。重申换作正在发生）Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthekitchen.C.tosmokeD.smokedf

13、indsb.doingsth意为“发现某人正在做某事”。4）表示个人意向或偏向的wouldrather，hadbetter，might(just)aswell：ratherthan置于句首时。Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstorideabike.D.toforget5）why/whynot6）help可带to，也可不带to,helpsb(to)dosth：7）but和except：but前是动词do时，后边出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式；是其余动词时，则要带to。Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.Hewantstob

14、elieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.8）不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各样形式时，符号to可省去。Wevemissedthelastbus.Allwecoulddonowiswalkhome.5/109）平常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后，能够省去tobe：Heissupposed(tobe)nice.他应当是个好人。10）当两个或多个严禁时短语由连词and，but或or连结时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示比较、比较关系时，则不可以够省略。Hewantstomov

15、etoandmarrythegirl.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,nottomakeitmoredifficult.6.tobedone未来的被动Theworktobefinishedtomorrowisimportant.=Theworkthatwillbefinishedtomorrowisimportant.=Theworkthatistobedoneisdifficulttofinish.7tohavedone在要求动词后表达成的动作(一般用在句中)Mr.Chenissaidtohavedonethejob.=Mr.Che

16、nissaidthathedidthejob.ChinesemenbasketballteamisreportedtohaveacceptedagoodtrainingbeforetheOlympicGames.ChinesemenbasketballteamisreportedthattheyacceptedagoodtrainingbeforetheOlympicGames.tohavebeendone用在要求动词后（有过去时间或过去动作）ThejobissaidtohavebeendonebyMr.Chen.=ThejobissaidthatitwasdonebyMr.Chen.done

17、被动；达成（一般或广泛时间）6/10Seenfromthemoon,theearthlookslikeablueball.=Whenitisseenfromthemoon,theearthlookslikeablueball.Theworkdoneisimportant.=Theworkthathasbeendoneisimportant=TheworkthatwasdoneisimportantPeoplecannotbutfeelpuzzled，fortheysimplycannotunderstandhowhecouldhavemadesuchastupidmistake.二、出题形式1

18、空格在句首：1）句子分前后两部分，后边分句的主语能发出前面的动作，前面空格用主动，不然用被动；2）beinterestedin;befacedwith;bedevotedto;bedelightedwith;beaddictedto;beseatedon;bedressedin;(be)used/accustomedto;bearmedwith;beinvolvedin;beconcernedabout/with;beattachedto;等在句首只好用-ed形式Facedwithsomanydifficulties,Iworkhardeveryday.Devotedtomywork;Icar

19、enothingelse.2空格在句中：1）空格前面的名词能发出后边的动作，空格用主动，不然用被动2）要求动词（后接doing的动词；后接todo的动词）(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差异forgettodo忘掉要去做某事（此事未做）forgetdoing忘掉做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）stoptodo停止、中止（某件事），目的是去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在或常常做的事7/10remembertodo记着去做某事（未做）rememberdoing记得做过某事(已做)regrettodo对要做的事遗憾regretdoing对做过的事遗憾、懊悔trytodo努力、妄图做

20、某事trydoing试验、试一试某种方法meantodo打算，存心要meandoing意味着goontodo既而（去做其余一件事情）goondoing连续（原来没有做完的事情）proposetodo打算（要做某事）proposingdoing建议（做某事）like/love/hate/prefer+todo表示详细行为；+doingsth表示抽象、偏向概念Itis+nouse,nogood(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,abore.等)名词+doingsth.Itisnousecrying.哭没合用。Itisnogoodobjecting.反对也没合用。Iti

21、sagreatfunplayingfootball打篮球很风趣。Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain想法解说是浪费时间。Itis+useless(nice,good，interesting,expensive等形容词)+doingsthItisuselessspeaking光.说没用。Itisniceseeingyouagain真快乐又碰到了你。ItisgoodPlayingchessaftersupper晚餐后弈棋挺好。Itisexpensiverunningthiscar开这类小车是浪费。3空格在句尾：1）物+need,want,deserve,demand,re

22、quire+doing(=tobedone)Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.（2）参照使役动词make;let;get;have的用法8/10Sb(1)makessb(2)do前面的人让/叫/使后边的人做某事Mr.ChenmakesusdoEnglishexercise.Sb(1)makessb(2)doing前面的人让/叫/使后边的人向来做某事（有前提条件，表示诉苦或发怨言）Mr.ChenistoostrictonourEnglishstudyandhealwaysmakesusdoingEnglishexe

23、rcise.Sb(2)ismadetodo某人被让/叫/使去做某事WearemadetodoEnglishexercise.Sbmakesoneself/onespoint某人done让/叫/使自己或自己的话/看法让别人听懂Mr.ChenspeaksEnglishslowlyinordertomakehimselfunderstoodintheclass.Sbmakessthdone某人把/让/叫/使某事给他人做Ihavemyhaircut.Sbhasdonesth某人已经做完了某事Ihavecutmyhair.3）不及物动词组成的不定式做定语，要加上适合的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不可以够省去。Ineedapentowritewith我需要一支笔写字。Thereisnothingtoworryabout没有什么值得忧愁的。Ifin