英语朗读规则课件

1、English Intonation 英语朗读规则1 双音节名字和形容词一般重音在第一音节2双音节动词重音在第二音节，前缀一般都不重读。 3以cy，ty， phy，gy和al结尾的词在倒数第三音节4 三个或三个以上音节的词，重音多在倒数第三个音节上。5 复合名词重音在第一部分class-room，black-board，foot-ball，some-one复合动词，形容词重音在第二部分over come，under stand，Kind-hearted，ice-cold，6带下列后缀的词：-eous, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ient, -ion, -ious, -is

2、h, -it, -liar, -sive, -tal, -uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。7带下列后缀的词：-ade, -ain, -ee, -eer, -esque, -ette, -ique, -ine, -oon重音通常在最后一个音节。8含有 de- in- re- con- pre- 等前缀的词，主重读位置不同，词的意义和词类也不同。 record present project 1.1 重音（stressed syllable）1.2 重音（stress constituent）n、v（实义）、adj、adv、num、pron(指示，疑问)、和interj等一般都重读，articl

3、es 、 prep，conj和pron（一般）则不重读What s the matter?The sweater is beautiful.Your book is on the desk.This boy started counting eggs.He usually gets up at six oclock.Did you tell my wife?Did you tell my wife?Did you tell my wife?单词有重读音节，句子有重读单词 （rhythm）Whats the machine for? Its for detecting oil.Where are

4、 you from? Im from the UK. Who can finish the task? I canJohn and I will return soon.Johnny is a driver, and Mary is a driver too.Will Mary go to London?Yes, she will .She will go to London next week.I will give him a present.She is a member of your program.I do work as engineer.Its a piece of cake.

5、 2.1降调陈述句，祈使句，特殊疑问句，感叹句用于选择疑问句中“or”之后的部分I have already read that book. Please do not hesitate to contact me. Which direction is it to the post office? Would you like coffee or tea? Oh! What a small world! 注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调表示请别人重复刚说过的话：What is your major? Where shall we go for the holiday? 2 语调(tone) 2.

6、2升调 意犹未尽，常给人意思还没有完成的感觉（用于句末）。Did you speak to him this morning? Can you hand in your compositions today? 注意：一般疑问句有时也可用降调，表示一种不耐烦的口气，或表示命令等。Are you satisfied? Will you take off your hat, please? 罗列中最后一项之前的各项There are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. 用于陈述句，表示疑问、怀疑、未定、猜测或期待等Your really want to do it

7、? She might have gone. 用于置于句首的状语短语或状语从句After dinner , I read a magazine and made telephone calls. While you were writing letters , I was reading a book. 用于并列句的第一个分句，表示句子还未说完My fever is gone , but I still have a cough. My major is English , and I like it. 用于委婉祈使句Excuse me, sir . Can you help me? 用于称呼

8、语Mrs. Smith , this is Tom Jones. 2.3平调 语调在同一高度保持一段时间不变。主要用于句子中间，表示还没有完结，或者用于同位语、插入语和直接引语后面。例如： Nancy, Johns sister, lives in New York. “I wont be able to come,” he said. 3 意群（sense-group）Reading aloud /is very important / for beginners.Early to bed / and early to rise / makes a man / healthy, happy,

9、 and wise.Jane, / whos a brilliant swimmer, / represented Britain / at the Olympic Games.After he took his bath, / he dressed in a hurry, / ran to catch the bus, / and got to his appointment / before it was too late.4 奇妙的连读与弱读连读现象辅音+元音元音+元音连读特例弱读现象辅音+辅音特殊的击穿现象变音现象最为强的半元音j连读现象(1)“辅音+元音”型连读 在同一个意群里，如果

10、相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglish boy.Itisanold book.Let me havea lookatit.Ms Black worked inanoffice last yesterday.I calledyou halfanhourago.Putiton, please.Notatall.Please pickitup.连读小练习Please turn off the light.Im afraid I cant come at night.If it is nine , Ill start.I lost

11、my bag in the office, and I must go back for it.I feel as if I was 20 years younger when I stayed with the young man.I came into the room and found Jack and Mary very angry.I looked at Jack, then at Mary and asked what had happened.(2) “r/re+元音”型连读:如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面

12、的元音拼起来连读。 Theyre my fatherand mother. I looked forit hereand there. Thereis a football underit. Thereare some books on the desk. Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs. But whereis my cup? Whereare your brotherand sister? 但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。The black clouds are coming nearer and

13、nearer.（nearer与and不可连读）(3)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。词尾有u的，需要加半元音w词尾有i的，需要加半元音j Iam a Chinese girl. Heis very friendly to me. Myuncle wants to studyEnglish. Howand why did you come here? She cant carryit. Doit again。 Goover the exercise Itll take you threehours to walk ther

14、e. The question is tooeasy for him to answer. (4)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。 Isit ahat or a cat?（hat与or之间不可以连读） Thereisa good book in my desk. （book与in之间不可以连读） Can you speakEnglish or French? （English与or之间不可以连读） Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning?（meet与 at,eight与or之间不可以

15、连读） She opened the door and walkedin. （door与and之间不可以连读）弱读现象辅音+辅音：在一句话中，前一个单词以辅音结尾，后一个单词以辅音开头，后一个辅音发音，前一个不发音 Help me Bad boy I dont like them. Sit still Give me a hand弱读现象的特例特例 h击穿连读-h被击穿连读:即一个辅音与一个以h字母打头的单词结合时,h音被击穿,辅音与h后面的音连读.例如:for him ask him let him reach him tell him tell her Has he love him co

16、uld heLike her catch him变音（1）发音同化现象半元音 j 的学问。当前面词以t d s 结尾的时候，后面的词以 j 开头，两个音平滑过渡，导致同化。 d+j= d would you do it? t+j= t Arent you? How about you? Glad to meet you! s+j= boss you miss you God bless you. z+j= Because you like it.(2)发音异化现象，清辅音浊化s+清辅音+一个元音，无论那个清辅音是在单词的最前面还是中间，只要是在重读音节或次重读音节里，一般都读成对应浊辅音，值得

17、一提的是strike不是不用变，而是它“tr”本来所发的音已是浊辅音，但也要变成“dr”所发的那个音 (如dream中的“dr”所发的音)。 A skater is standing on a stable board. They can speak in a spaceship out of sky. He spends a lot of time with his girlfriend. You scared me. He has studied in school for tow years. The work is still strange to him. He struck me

18、with a stick. 这种组合如果后面没有元音，就不存在浊化的问题。如grasp，test，desk等，仍发清辅音。(3)have/has/had to(不得不)的逆行同化现象Youll have to get off here. You have to do your homework. I have to go, or Ill wet my pants. That is all he has to do. She has to leave now.I had to go and talk with Jim. We had to scratch our plans for vacati

19、on. 5. 失去爆破的情况一个爆破音后面跟着另外一个辅音时，就会失去爆破或不完全爆破，以节省气力。也就是说，如果爆破辅音跟了一个元音，就跟元音拼读，但如果后面跟了个辅音，则失去爆破。The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people. Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car. The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too. What would you like, ho(t) tea or

20、 bla(ck) coffee? Its a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day. You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden. I bought a chea(p) book, but its a goo(d) book.爆破音（/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/） 后面直接跟另外一个爆破音，破擦音/t/, / d/，或鼻辅音/m/, /n/时爆破音则会失去爆破，即做出要爆破的动作，形成闭塞但不爆破出来。例如：act two, good picture, a short night。 如果爆

21、破音（/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/） 后面直接跟的是摩擦音/f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, / /, / / ,/ /, / /,时这个爆破音会有很轻微的爆破，即不完全爆破。例如：breakfast, advice, exciting, help this man, lift the veil。 在一些常见单词中，在非重读章节上的一些音常常会被省略。例如：history, interesting, handkerchief, castle。 More Exercises 1.book-keeper 2.handbag 3.blackboard 4.septem

22、ber 5.sit down 6.used to 7.that time 8.a red var 9.He used to swim. 10.Are you used the food here? 11.I had a bad cold. 12.I bought a red handbag. 13.Tommy is a good book-keeper. 14.He likes to told fate. 15.I stop select the black car pass. 16.I expect to join the football team. 17.Blackboard 18. p

23、ost-card 19. September 20. Doctor 21. stop talking 22. hard times 23.waste time 24. that policeman 25. good boyBirthdayEveryone-has-a birthday. Many children-in-other countries celebrate their birthdays like children- in the United states. They have-a birthday cake , gifts, and sometimes-a birthday

24、party with friends. Friends-and families gather-around-a table with-a birthday cake-on-it. They sing happy birthday to you. Two American sisters wrote this song-in 1893, but people still sing this song today! The birthday cake usually has lighted candles-on-it, one candle for each year-of your life.

25、 The birthday child makes-a wish-and then blows-out all the candles. If the child blows-out the candles-in-one breath, the wish will come true Other countries have different customs.In Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, people fly the countrys flag outside their home to tell everyone that someone in the f

26、amily is having a birthday. In Denmark, parent puts gifts around a childs bed when the child is sleeping at night. When the child wakes up in the morning, The gifts will be the first thing the child sees. In Sweden and also in Finland, The birthday child gets breakfast in bed.In some countries, some

27、 years are more important than others. In Holland, these are 5,10,15,20and 21.They call them “crown” years. The birthday child gets a much more important gift. The family also decorates the childs chair at the dining table with flower, paper, and balloons. The special years in Japan are 3, 5and7 .Th

28、ese are lucky years. Then the family gives a party for the child and gifts. Because of the religious reasons, Hindu children only celebrate their birthdays until the age of sixteenBirthday cakes around the world come in different sizes and flavors. There are even ice cream birthday cakes today. In C

29、hina, it is not a tradition to have a birthday cake. Friends and family have a big meal together, and it is a tradition to eat noodles to wish the birthday child a long life. Thank you./Thank you so much. Thanks./Thanks a lot / a million Many thanks. /Im very grateful for your help. Thanks for your

30、kindness. Its very kind of you/its really nice of you!/its so sweet of you! How kind of you.我真不知道如何感谢你 I dont know how I can thank you enough. How can I ever thank you. I can never thank you enough. Thank you anyway. I really appreciate this! I just want you to know how much I appreciate your help.P

31、ractical TechniquesGratitude and ApologiesResponses to thanksYoure welcome.My pleasure.Im glad you like it.Thats all right.Think nothing of it.Dont mention it.Forget it.You bet.Sure thing.No problem.Its not worth mentioning.Apologies Im sorry./I apologize. Im really /awfully/very sorry. Oh, my fault

32、. / My mistake. It was all my fault. It was me to blame. Excuse / Pardon me for my rudeness. I really feel bad about that. Im extremely sorry for that. I should have never done that. I didnt mean to do that. Please forgive me forResponses to apologies Thats OK. Its quite all right. Its nothing serio

33、us. Dont mention it. Its no big deal. Dont worry about it. Never mind. Youre forgiven/I accept your apologies.Cases You are late for a classYou are rude to one friend.Your mother offers help with your homework.Mary takes care of your sick mother.She lent an umbrella to you yesterday.You are stepping

34、 on ones toes.You lost a letter written by A to B.Many friends come to your birthday party.Tom says “I love you” to you.Topic DiscussionQuestions :1. How did you get it? 2.What can you do with all this money?3.What should you say if someone wants to borrow your money?4. What do you think is the most

35、 important factor that leads you to buy something : price, quality, or brand name?Phrases Money talks. 财大气粗；有钱就有势力；有钱能使鬼推磨。Money is the root of evil. 金钱是万恶之源。Penny-wise and pound-foolish.贪小失大；贪便宜，吃大亏；小事精明，大事糊涂。省着钱以做应急用。Save your pennies for a rainy day.省一文等于挣一文。A penny saved is a penny earned. 事物都有两

36、面性。Every coin has two sides. 冤家路窄。 He turned up like a bad penny.她嫁给了有钱人。She married money.Here are some proverbs or idiomatic use concerning money , Now the whole class works together to translate them into Chinese. 白手起家 to start from scratch攀比 to keep up with the Johns挥金如土to spend money like water

37、to squeeze ones dollar节省开支to make a fortune赚大钱to tighten ones belt节衣缩食 to have money to burn有很多钱to be heavily in debt 负债累累to tight purse strings手头紧Now the whole class works together to translate the Chinese sayings into English. Work with your group members to list as many things that people can get

38、 and not get with money as possible. Things that can be bought with moneyThings that cannot be bought with moneyA great meal in a luxurious restaurant Appetite Real comfort and friends A splendid carEnjoyment and happiness A tour all over the worldA harmonious family and real loveA villa in the idea

39、l districtInner beauty, talents and eleganceBeautiful clothes and jewelryKnowledge and competence A large collection of books and paintingsGood healthAll kinds of gym equipment Insurance SafetyHomeworkIf you had a million dollars, what would you do with it?How did you plan to spend it?ComplimentWell

40、 done!/Terrific/Excellent!/Fantastic/Magnificent /Marvelous/Unbelievable!与很搭配 Your hat goes really well with your dress. Your dress suits you very well. I should say the hat matches the blouse fabulously. It looks nice on you./You look nice in that color. Its a very good combination.你真不简单 You are re

41、ally something. You must be a man of ability, I must take my hat off to you.你过奖了 You are just flattering me. Im quite flattered. You are exaggerating.Practical Techniques1.You look great/ sharp/very smart / nice / pretty /great/ talented.2. You look like a million dollars. /you look outstanding./You

42、 look like a movie star.3. You did a good job. = Nice going! 4. Were so proud of you.5. Im very pleased with your work. 6. I admire your work. / I respect your work.7. You have a very successful business.8. Youre very professional.9. Your company is very impressive. 10. You always know the right thi

43、ng to say./youre very eloquent. 11 Youve got a great personality.12. You have a good sense of humor.13. You have a good taste.14. Your Chinese is really surprising /incredible.15. Your wife is very charming. 16. You two make a lovely couple.17. Your son/daughter is so cute./ What an adorable baby. 1

44、8. This is really a nice place.19. I envy you very much.20. The food is delicious./ Everything tastes great. Thats the best food I have ever tasted.1. Any complaints/ Do you have any complaints/ Whats your complaint?2. Whats your problem?/whats wrong with you?3. What do you mean by saying so? 4. How

45、 many times do I have to tell you? / Ive told you a thousand times.5. Im serious.= I mean it./ Cant you be serious for once? 6. Why are you picking on me? 7. Sorry. Ill make it up to you someday. Youre all talk and no action. 8. Thats easy for you to say.9. Im out of patience with you. 10. You trick

46、ed me.= Dont make fun of me.11. You might at least have avoided doing that.Complaints12. Youd better mind your own business.13. Put yourself in my shoes.= Try to see it from my point of view.= Try to see it my way.14. Dont involve me! =I dont want to get involved.15. Are you crazy/insane/out of mind

47、? 16. Dont bother me. /Knock it off.17. Drop dead! /Get out of my face. 18. You ought to be ashamed of yourself. 19. You are a jerk./what are you thinking?20. Youre really good for nothing.不要把怨气撒在我身上 Dont take it out on me. Dont take your frustration out on me, Dont treat me badly just because of yo

48、ur bad day.Dialogue 1:A: What happened? You look like an empty balloon.B: Well, this is really not my day. My driving license was taken away by the traffic police.A: What have you done?B: I forgot to fasten my seat belt.A: How careless you are! But that will not cost you a driving license, I think.B

49、: You are right. There is something else. I didnt notice when the policeman waved for me to pull over and he chased me for almost a mile before I realized what happened.A: Man, I guess he was very angry by then.B: Sure he was.Dialogue 2:A: Youre not looking very cheerful. Whats the matter with you?B

50、: Oh, nothing special. Im just a bit fed up.A: With your job?B: With everything, with catching the same bus every morning, sitting in the same office all day and watching the same television programs.A: You need a holiday.B: It wasnt always like this, you know.A: What do you mean?B: Well, people in

51、old times had more fun, didnt they? I mean, they hunted for their food and grew their own vegetables and did things for themselves. We do the same sort of job for years. Theres no variety in our lives.A: You need a holiday. Thats what the matter with you.Cases 1 Your boss was angry again.2. You have

52、 a lot of homework.3. Your girlfriends is always late.4. You want to please your teacher/your mother/your roommates/your boyfriend.5. Dining hall and the foods there.6.Your sister borrow a new dress from you.7. Your friend always lies to you.8.your mother talks too much to you. 9You are invited to a

53、 friends home.Discussion Does Your Best Friend Have Four legs?Pets we have:Dogs and Puppies Birds Mouse Geese Chicks Ducklings Cats and Kittens SnakesBaby pigs MonkeyGoats HorsesTurtles ReptilesLizard PigeonsAquarium fish Rabbits kwerim Does your friend have four legs?What pets do people raise?How d

54、o they get pets?Why do people keep pets?Is it cruel/fair/reasonable to keep pets inside an apartment all day? Explain why.What problems does keeping pets bring about?What if they dont want to continue raising them?What can we do for homeless pets?Develop the fever of keeping petsThe answer to this p

55、roblem involves many factors.For one thing For another moreoverOn the one hand, on the other handParadoxically; by contrast; in contrast with; on the contrary, in comparison withSome problems cant be ignored and the growing number of pets may cause serious hygiene problems.As for as I am concerned,

56、I maintain/insist/hold/believe thatWith the increasing improvement of their life, many people have developed the fever of keeping pets. Nowadays, it is common that along the streets towards evening people in casual wear can be seen taking a stroll leisurely, not for themselves but for their dear pets. One is not surprised if a pet costs ashighas ones earnings. However, why do people keep pets? The answer to this problem involves many factors. For one thing, pets provide company. Con