延续性动词与短暂性动词讲解与练习

1、短暂性动词，持续性动词与此刻达成时姓名：_短暂性动词（停止性动词），是指动作一旦发生就很快就结束。它不可以和一段时间连用。这种动词有：go,come,arrive,leave,begin,start,join,marry等；短暂性动词的一定式不可以与表示一段时间的for或since或howlong等状语连用。可是，在否认句中，短暂性动词能够和表示一段时间的状语连用。持续性动词是指动作发生后还能够持续一段时间或许相当长的一段时间。如：live,work,study,learn,sleep等，持续性动词能够和表示一段的时间状语连用。值得注意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了“for+一段时间”外，还有s

2、ince+n./从句（时间点），since+时间段+ago，疑问词howlongthese+时间段，fromto（时间点）以及till/until+n./，inthepast+句子等等。时间段，all比如：这位老人已经死了十年了。Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.（）（die“死”短暂性动词，不可以与for+一段时间连用）Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10yearsago.（）diebedead，die是短暂性动词，表示死的动作，这个动作很快就结束了，变为了表示状态的bedead，dead是die的形容词，表示死了的状态，能够持

3、续）2.我买了这块腕表五年了。Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.（）（buy“买”短暂性动词，不可以与for+一段时间连用）Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.（）buyhave，buy这个动作在付完钱已经结束了，买完后是拥有have的状态，have能够持续）3.我走开家乡已十年了。Ihavelefthometownfor10years.（）（leave“走开”短暂性动词，不可以与for+一段时间连用）Ihavebeenawayfromhometownfor10years.（）leavebeaway，leav

4、e这个动作在走了的时候已经结束了，走了此后，是我不在这里的状态，beaway表示不在，走开的状态，能够持续）但在否认句中，短暂性动词能够与时间段连用。如：Ihaventboughtthebikeforayear.我买这辆自行车还不到一年。Shehasntcomehereforanhour.她来这儿还没有一个小时。假如短暂性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，一定将短暂性动词改为持续性动词。现概括总结一下由非持续性动词到持续性动词的变换：buy/gethave,borrowkeep，havediebedeadfinishbeover,Closebeclosedleavebeaway（from）op

5、enbeopenmarrybemarriedfallasleepbeasleepfall(get)illbeillgooutbeoutgetupbeupputonwear/beonMovetoliveincome/go/becomebegotoschoolbeinschool/beastudentbegin/startbeonbegintostudystudyGettoknowknowwake/wakeupbeawakeLose/die/sell/leavebegonecatch/getacoldhaveacoldjoin/takepartinbein/beamemberofcome/arri

6、ve/reach/gettobeinreturnto/comebackto/gobacktobeback(to)come(arrive,reach,get)here/go(arrive,reach,get)therebehere(there)练习：一、找出以下句子中的短暂性动词和对应句子中的持续性动词。例：Hedied10yearsago./Hehasbeendeadfor10years.diebedead1.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago./Hehaskeptthebookfor2_boughtthebikeamonthago./Hehashadthebikeforam

7、onth._arrivedherelastyear./Hehasbeenheresincelastyear._4.Theyturnedonthelight2hoursago./Thelighthasbeenonfor2hours._5.Helefthere2yearsago./Hehasbeenawayfromherefor2years._6.Thefilmbegan30minutesago./Thefilmhasbeenonfor30_openedthedooranhourago./Thedoorhasbeenopenforanhour._8.Theyclosedthedooranhoura

8、go./Thedoorhasbeenclosedforanhour._二、选择题。()grandfather_fortwoyears.C.hasbeendeadD.hasbeendied(B.sinceC.beforeD.For(in.beenin()4.Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.We_friendssincetenyearsago.were.havebeen.havebecome.havemade()up!Theplay_fortenminutes.hasbegun.hadbegun.hasbeenon.Began()_tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.

9、is.has.will.Was()uncle_formorethan9years.D.hasleftthecity()8.HowlonghasRobert_?B.becomeapolicemanC.joinedtheartclubD.studiedinthisschool()father_thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()longhaveyou_thelibrarybook?-Forabouttwoweeks.A.borrowB.borrowed()longhashe_thiscar?-Fortwoyears.A.

10、buyB.boughtC.hadD.buys()hearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbeenawayD.hadbeenaway()13Thefactory_sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened()14.MaryandRose_friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome()15.Youmustnt_untilhecomesbac

11、k.A.beawayB.leaveC.beleftD.haveleft()meeting_foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenoverD.ended().MissGao_thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaughtD.taught()_ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became()_homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returnedD.amreturned()

12、20.Howlong_he_?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendeadD.did,died()21.He_ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept()long_you_ill?-Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,beenD.have,had()2000,he_hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfromD.Left()lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_itfo

13、r2days.A.borrowB.keepC.takeD.took()bus_ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeenD.is()you_thejacketthesedays?A.wearingB.puttingonC.dressingD.on()_for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenupD.isup()28.Tomisillinhospital.He_acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad()hearrivedatthebu

14、sstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftaway()30.He_ateightyesterdayafternoon.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.hassleepD.hadslept()31.Howlonghaveyou_here?A.comeB.gotC.arrivedD.been()32.Mygrandpadied_.Iwas2.D.myagewas6.二.句型变换：写出以下句子的同义句。比如.Mr.LibegantoteachEnglishinthisschoolin1999.Mr.LihastaughtEnglishinth

15、isschoolsince1999.2.Thefactoryopenedtenyearsago.Thefactory_fortenyears.3.JohnleftBeijingthreeyearsago.John_Beijing_threeyears.Hiscompanyopenedin2003.Hiscompany_since2003.5.Myfatherboughtthecarhalfayearago.Myfather_thecar_halfayear.Wegottoknoweachotherforabout15years.We_eachother_about15years.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilm_fortenminutes.8.Iborrowedthisbooktwoweeksago.I_thisbookfortwoweeks.9.Myfathercamebackthedaybeforeyesterday.Myfatherhas_fortwodays.uncleboughtthenewcartwomonthsago.Myunclehas_thenewcar_twomonthsago.三.在句子中划犯错误，