高中英语基础语法复习十七冠词

1、语法复习十七：冠词（一）考纲领求考纲规定，冠词观察基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词，不定冠词a与an的差异；不用冠词的情况；习语中的冠词；特指与泛指等。（二）命题导向冠词规则的灵便运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特别用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点观察的知识点。（三）基本用法今世语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。冠词是一种虚词，起限制作用，是最主要最典型的限制词，放在名词（或名词化的形容词分词）前面，说明其所指的人或物。1、定冠词的基本用法：Ihaveboughtabook.Thebookisv

2、eryuseful.表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Closethewindow,please.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：thesun,themoon,theearth,theworld等。用于表示方向的名词从前。如：theeast,theright.用于序数词或形容词的最高等从前。如：thefirst,thetallest.用于形容词从前，使其名词化。如：thesick,thewounded.用于由一般名词构成的专有名词从前。如：theUnitedStates,theUnitedNation.用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词

3、从前。如：theChangjiangRiver,theEastLake.。如：TheSmiths用于复数姓氏从前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”用于乐器的名词前。如：playthepiano;playtheviolin.发明物。如：ThecompasswasinventedinChina.年代名词前。如：Helivedinthecountrysideinthe1970s.固定词组中。如：inthemorning(afternoon,evening),ontheotherhand,atthesametime2、不定冠词的基本用法：泛指一个。如：Thereisabookonthetable.指人或事物的某

4、一种类。如：Hisfatherisadriver.Longjingisawonderfultea.指某一个人或事物，但不详尽说明。如：MysisterwassavedbyaPLAmaninthefire.用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。如：Wehavemealsthreetimesaday.（我们一天吃三餐。）表示同样的。如：Theyareofanage.（他们是同岁。）表数量，相当于one,但语意较弱。如：Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.使抽象名词详尽化。如：Thelittlegirlisahelptohermother.（ahand译帮

5、手）固定搭配。如：asamatteroffact,inahurry,inaword3、不用冠词的情况：Childrenlovecartoons.（少儿喜欢卡通电影。）表示总称的复数名词从前。如：不含一般名词的专有名词前。如：WearestudyingEnglish.名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如：Ilikethispicture;Idonothaveanymoney;Astimewenton,Einsteinstheoprovedytobecorrect.季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。如：Shelikesspringmost.呼语前不用冠词。如：Whats

6、hallIdonext,Mother?三餐饭前不用冠词。如：Whatdidyouhaveforlunch?节假日前不用冠词。如：PeoplegivegiftstoeachotheronChristmasDay.球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如：Sheisfondofplayingbasketball.在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如：arminarm（手挽手）;handinhand（手牵手）;sidebyside（肩对肩）;dayandday（日日夜夜）;youngandold（老老少少）;fromdoortodoor（挨门挨户）;frombeginningtoend（从头到尾）;from

7、morningtillnight（从早到晚）等。107练习（一）、冠词1.InAmerica,_caris_popularmeansoftransportation（交通设施）.A.the,theB.a,theC.the,/D.the,a2.-Whathappened?-Theyleftinsuch_hurrythattheyforgottolock_door.A.a,aB.a,theC./,theD./,a3.Thereweretwosmallroomsinthehouse,_smallerofwhichservedas_kitchen.A.a,theB.the,aC.the,theD.a,

8、a4.Iordered_booksometimeago._bookhasarrived.A.a,TheB.the,AC.a,AD./,The5.MrSmithis_Europeanandhiswifeis_American.A.an,anB.a,aC.a,anD.an,a6.Lesson10is_mostdifficultlesson,butitisnt_mostdifficultlessoninBookOne.A.a,aB.a,theC.the,theD.the,a7.Mysisterworksinafactory.Shegoeshomeonce_month.A.aB.anC.theD.ev

9、ery8.Hewasabsentbecausehehadcaught_.A.heavyacoldB.theheavycoldC.aheavycoldD.heavycold9._wateris_liquid.A.The,aB.A,aC./,/D./,a10.Inwinter_peopleoftenhangupwetclothesnear_fire.A./,/B.a,aC./,aD.the,a11.Hehastriedtwice,andthecaptainaskshimtohave_thirdtry.A.aB.theC.anotherD.other12.Hewasatopstudentinthec

10、lass,heoftengot_inEnglish.A.firstB.afirstC.secondD.thesecond13._horseis_usefulanimal.A.The,theB.The,aC.The,anD./,a14.TomleftShanghaiin_.A.thesummer1995B.summer1995C.1995thesummerD.thesummerof199515._childrenherelive_mosthappylife.A.The,theB.The,aC.The,/D./,the16.Thesoldierdiedduring_WorldWarI.A.theB

11、.thefirstC./D.a17.In_MarxbegantolearnRussian.A.a1870B.1870sC.theyearof1870D.the1870s18.Aliceis_ofthetwogirls.A.tallerB.thetallC.moretallD.thetaller19.-Canyoursisterplay_?-No,butshecanplay_.A.thetennis,thepianoB.tennis,pianoC.thetennis,pianoD.tennis,thepiano20.Theintroductionisalwaysin_ofabook.A.fron

12、tB.thefrontC.afrontD.instead21.Shetouchedherdaughtergently_shoulder.A.inherB.onherC.intheD.onthe22.Both_woundedand_sickweresenttosafety.A./,/B.the,theC./,theD.the,/23._doctorsand_nursesshouldcarefortheirpatients.A.The,theB./,/C.The,/D./,the24.Tellusthestoryas_Mothertoldyou.A.aB.theC.anD./25.Doyoukno

13、whowlong_haslivedontheearth?A.manB.themanC.amanD.men26.Themanwasoncethrowninto_prisonforrobbingthebank.A.aB.anC.theD./27._MountTaiisintheeastofChina.A.AB.TheC./D.That28.Ilike_history.Iamstudying_historyofChina.A.the,/B./,theC.a,/D./,a29.Hewrotealetter_pencil.A.withB.inC.inaD.usea30.OnOctober1,theChi

14、nesepeoplecelebrated_withnewachievementsandvictories.A.NationalDayB.theNationalDayC.ourNationalDayD.aNationalDay108练习（二）、冠词1.-Youmeanyouknowtheman?-Iknow_manexactlylikehim.A.otherB.theC./D.a2.Wouldntitbe_wonderfulworldifallnationslivein_peacewithoneanother?A.a,/B.the,/C.a,theD.the,the-Ihearthatasman

15、yas1,500peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.-Yes,_newscameas_shocktous.A.a,aB.the,aC./,/D./,a4.Atmidnighttheyreached_smallvillage_eastof_EverwhiteMountain.A.a,/,theB.a,/,/C.the,the,theD.the,an,an5.Nanjinglieson_ChangjiangRiverandhas_populationofmorethanfourmillion.A.the,theB.the,/C.the,aD./,aBillClinton

16、took_officeonJanuary20th,1993andleft_officeonJanuary20th,2001.A./,/B.his,hisC.the,theD.an,his7.Welearntogoallouttoworkfor_goodof_society.A.the,/B./,/C./,aD.the,the8.Parisis_mostbeautifulcity,whereyoucansee_famousEiffelTower.A.a,theB.a,/C.the,aD.the,the9.-Whatabout_bike?-Doyouthinkitallrighttobuyhim_

17、bikeas_birthdaypresent?A.the,the,theB.a,the,aC.the,a,theD.the,the,a10.Hehaddecidedtogiveitup,buton_secondthoughtshedecidedtotry_thirdtime.A.the,aB./,/C.a,aD./,a11.Towards_morning,_heavyrainbegantofall.A.the,aB.a,aC.the,/D.the,/12.-Excuseme,whereare_booksforbiology?-Followme.Theyreonthisshelf.Doyouwa

18、nt_neworusedbook?A.a,aB.a,theC.the,aD.the,the13.Youngasheis,Davidhasgained_richexperiencein_society.A./,/B.the,theC.a,/D./,the14.-Mysonislost.Didyouseeaboypassingby?-Isaw_boyhiddenbehind_treeoverthere.Youmaygoandhavealook.A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a15.Maryclimbedtothetopofthemountainin_hurry,looked

19、downandfoundin_surprisethat_wholetowntookonanewlook.C./,/,theD./,/,aA.a,the,theB.a,/,the16.In_oldsocietymanyyoungwomendiedbysocuriousandcruel_custom.A.an,aB./,theC.the,aD.the,/17.-Youresuretohelpmefind_bedformynewhouse?-Sure,butnotnow.Imheadingfor_bedandagoodsleep.A.a,aB.the,aC.a,/D.the,/18.Thewheel

20、isthoughttobe_firstinventionof_transportation.A.the,theB.a,aC.a,/D.the,/19.Somepeoplesaythat_Britishare_funnypeople.D.the,/A.the,aB./,theC./,/20.Dontworryabout_mistakes.Theyre_naturalpartoflearning.A./,aB.the,/C./,theD.the,the21.-Selmalooksespeciallyprettytonight.-Yes,shealwayslooksherbestin_ofthatk

21、ind.A.thedressB.adressC.dressD.thedresses22.-_didyouthinkoftheexhibition?-Oh,itwas_success.A.How,reallyaB.What,greatC.How,/D.What,quitea23.Thechildhadonly_slighttemperature,butthedoctorregarded_illnessasserious109enoughfor_hospitaltreatment.A./,/,theB.a,/,/C.a,the,/D./,the,the24.-Didyouhave_wonderfu

22、ltimeyesterday?-Yes.Iwason_topof_world.A./,the,aB.a,/,theC.a,a,theD.a,the,the25.Idontusuallyhave_breakfast,butIalwayseat_goodlunch.A./,/B./,aC.the,/D./,the26.-Iheartherellbe_talkonEnglishstudytomorrowmorning.-Doyoumean_speechourteacheraskedustolistento?A.a,theB.the,aC.the,theD.a,a27.Mr.Stockruns_sma

23、llbusiness,whoisin_Mexicoonbusiness.A.a,aB./,/C.a,theD.a,/Although_motorcarhasbeenwithusforalmostacentury,Ihaveneverbeenabletodrive_Americanone.A.a,theB.a,/C.the,anD.the,the29.Xianwas_startingpointof_world-famousSilkRoad.A./,/B.a,aC.the,/D.the,the30.-Whatdoeson_onehandon_othermeans?-What_greatfun!Yo

24、ureaskingmesuchasimplequestion.A.the,the,/B.the,the,aC./,the,aD./,the,/31.AlexanderGramhaBellinvented_telephonein1876.(MET1991)A./;B.aC.theD.one32.Afterwatching_TV,sheplayed_violinforanhour.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the（MET199111）33.-Wheresjack?-Ithinkhesstill_inbed,buthemightjustbein_bathroom.A./;/B

25、.the;theC.the;/D./;the（MET199236）34.Manypeoplearestillin_habitofwritingsillythingsin_publicplaces.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the（MET199319）35.Sheis_newcomerto_chemistrybutshehasalreadymadesomeimportantdiscoveries.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D.a;the（NMET199420）36.Wouldntitbe_wonderfulworldifallnationslivedin_

26、peacewithoneanother?A.a;/B.the;/C.a;theD.the;the（NMET199423）37.Manypeopleagreethat_knowledgeofEnglishisamustin_internationaltradetoday.A.a;/B.the;anC.the;theD./;the（NMET199613）38.Papermoneywasin_useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin_thirteenthcentury.A.the;/B.the;theC./;theD./;/（NMET19998）39.Itisnottruein_thatpeoplein_fiftiesa