MATLAB解析GPS数据程序

1、注：本程序可直接在 MATLAB 2017a 中运行该脚本文件用于学习 GPS数据的读取，需要做其他用途请自行修改代码本脚本文件的前面几行代码是要设置的一些参数默认使用 COM3（需视情况修改）波特率设为 GPS模块默认的 38400下面为程序源码clearnum_execute = 100; %执行次数num_SingleRead = 150; %单次从串口读取的字节数( 最好设置足够大（最低大概设为80 ），保证单次读取的数据包含一条完整的GPS数据 )Timedelay = 0.2; %用于延时读取串口数据BaudRate = 38400; % Terminator = CR;读取数据的

2、波特率num_MaxTry = 5; %打开串口的最多尝试次数BytesAvailableFcnCount = 1000;设置参数delete(instrfindall); %串口打开失败时使用此句delete(s);clear s % 串口打开失败时使用此句serial3 = serial(COM3);串口设置serial3.BytesAvailableFcnMode = byte;% serial3.InputBufferSize = 38400; %输出波特率serial3.BaudRate = BaudRate; %读入波特率serial3.OutputBufferSize = 102

3、4; serial3.BytesAvailableFcnCount = BytesAvailableFcnCount; serial3.ReadAsyncMode = continuous;serial3.Terminator = Terminator;打开串口count_opentimes = 1;while contains(serial3.status,closed) 0 & count_opentimes num_MaxTryfopen(serial3); %打开串口count_opentimes = count_opentimes+1;endif contains(serial3.s

4、tatus,open) 0)GPS_DataStrs = fread(serial3,num_SingleRead,char);%一次读出 10 个字符GPS_DataStrs = reshape(GPS_DataStrs,1,);GPS_DataStrs = split_str2strs(GPS_DataStrs);GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(GPS_DataStrs);GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp);show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data);pause(Timedelay)

5、; %延时num_execute = num_execute-1;end% fprintf(s,abcd);%给串口的发送数据% fscanf(s);%从串口的接收缓存读数据关闭串口并删除相关数据fclose(serial3);%关闭串口delete(serial3);clear serial3%将字符串根据 rn 划分成多个子字符串 ,同时去掉首尾无用的残余字符串function out_strs = split_str2strs(StrData)if contains(class(StrData),char)uint8(StrData);endrecord = get_pos_enterf

6、lag(StrData);if StrData(1) = uint8($) %flag_start = 1;elseif size(record,2) 0flag_start = record(1)+2;elseout_strs = cell(0,0);returnendendif StrData(end) = 13flag_end = length(StrData)-1;elseif size(record,2) 0flag_end = record(end)-1;endendif flag_start = flag_endout_strs = cell(0,0);return开头为 $ 的

7、情况endStrData = StrData(flag_start:flag_end); %截取有效数据，方便下面划分子字符串record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData);num_strs = size(record,2)+1;out_strs = cell(num_strs,1);if num_strs 1out_strs1,1 = char(StrData(1:record(1)-1);if num_strs = 2out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(1)+2:end); elsefor i = 2 : num_str

8、s-1out_strsi,1 = char(StrData(record(i-1)+2:record(i)-1);endout_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(i)+2:end);endelseout_strs1,1 = char(StrData);end得到字符串中 rn 在字符串中的位置 ( 实际为 r 的位置 ) function record = get_pos_enterflag(data)record = ; %记录回车符号位置for ii = 1 : length(data)-1if data(ii) = 13if data(ii+1)

9、= 10record = record,ii;= ii+1;endendendendend得到具体 GPS结构体数据function GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(StrsData)GPS_Data_tmp = ;num_str = size(StrsData,1);for i = 1 : num_strstr_tab = StrsDatai,1;if contains(str_tab,GGA) 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,GSA) 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNG

10、SA(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,GSV) 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,RMC) 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,VTG) 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab);elseif contains(str_tab,GLL) 0GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab);endendendGPS 字符串解析function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(

11、str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,);count = 1;TimeLatitude= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Longitude1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count

12、)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP 1);count=count+1;=

13、 str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.altitude 1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);% 进一步处理纬度tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;经度tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10

14、000*60;UTC 时间转换为北京时间if str2num(hour)+8 = 24endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,);count = 1;GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.CurState= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.PRN= s

15、tr_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other= str_tab(index(c

16、ount)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab)此语句为与卫星有关的信息（包括卫星方位，卫星编号）暂时用不着，不处理GPS_Data_tmp = ;endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,);count = 1;Time= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(

17、count+1)-1);count=count+1;Latitude1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Longitude1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(coun

18、t+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.speed 1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir 1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-Date= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count

19、+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);% 进一步处理纬度tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;经度tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;UTC 时间转换

20、为北京时间if str2num(hour)+8 = 24endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,);count = 1;GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir= str_ta

21、b(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.step= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;GPS_Data

22、_tmp.velocity 1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab)index = strfind(str_tab,);Latitude1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count

23、+1)-1);count=count+1;Longitude1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;Date1);count=count+1;= str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1)

24、;count=count+1;%other= str_tab(index(count)+1:end);进一步处理纬度tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10);tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60;经度end更新获取到的相关数据function GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp)用不到的数据可以注释掉if isfield(GPS_D

25、ata_tmp,Time) = 1endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,DATE) = 1endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,Latitude) = 1endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LatitudeDir) = 1GPS_Data.LatitudeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,Longitude) = 1endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LongitudeDir) = 1GPS_Data.LongitudeDir = GPS_Dat

26、a_tmp.LongitudeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,GPSState) = 1GPS_Data.GPSState = GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,SatelliteNum) = 1GPS_Data.SatelliteNum = GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,speed) = 1GPS_Data.speed = GPS_Data_tmp.speed;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,veloc

27、ity) = 1GPS_Data.velocity = GPS_Data_tmp.velocity;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LocationState) = 1GPS_Data.LocationState = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,altitude) = 1GPS_Data.altitude = GPS_Data_tmp.altitude;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,CurState) = 1GPS_Data.CurState = GPS_Data_tm

28、p.CurState;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,LocationMode) = 1GPS_Data.LocationMode = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,HDOP) = 1GPS_Data.HDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,VDOP) = 1GPS_Data.VDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,PDOP) = 1GPS_Data.PDOP = GPS

29、_Data_tmp.PDOP;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,TrueDir) = 1GPS_Data.TrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,MagneticAngle) = 1GPS_Data.MagneticAngle = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,MagneticDir) = 1GPS_Data.MagneticDir = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir;endif isfield(GPS_

30、Data_tmp,ReferenceTrueDir) = 1GPS_Data.ReferenceTrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,RelativeDir) = 1GPS_Data.RelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,ReferenceRelativeDir) = 1GPS_Data.ReferenceRelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir;end

31、if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,step) = 1GPS_Data.step = GPS_Data_tmp.step;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,stepflag) = 1GPS_Data.stepflag = GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag;endif isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,PRN) = 1GPS_Data.PRN = GPS_Data_tmp.PRN;endend显示相关 GPS数据function show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data)DataAndTime = sprintf(20%02s-%02s-%0

32、2s %02s:%02s:%02s:%03s,.Location = sprintf( %s:%02s%02s %03s %04s,%s:%02s%02s %03s %04s,.Others = sprintf( GPSState:%s,SatelliteNum:%02s,Speed:%03s,Velocity:%s,LocationState:%s,.%GPS_Data.GPSState,GPS_Data.SatelliteNum,GPS_Data.speed,GPS_Data.velocity,GPS _Data.LocationState);show_Message_str(strcat(Data