2022秋新教材高中英语Unit12Innovation课件北师大版选择性必修第四册

1、UNIT 12INNOVATION美 文 导 入素养解读：近几年英语高考的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。文章介绍了与本单元科技创新话题紧密相关的内容，有助于提升同学们对新兴科技的兴趣，从而树立积极的钻研科学、投身于科学的探索精神。主题：人与自然学科素养：思维品质难度系数：【语篇导读】本文介绍了Yaron Gurovich研究出一种新的分析面部照片的神经网，可以通过分析面部图片帮助医生缩小诊断范围，从而可以实现人工智能看脸识别疾病。People with genetic syndromes (综合征) sometimes hav

2、e revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural (神经系统) network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities. Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology

3、firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and return a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have. They based the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labeled to match more than 200 genetic syndr

4、omes. The team then asked AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 percent of the time. Gurovich and his team also tested the neural networks ability to distinguish between th

5、e different genetic mutations (基因突变) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome(努南综合征), which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 percent of the time. Its c

6、learly not perfect, but its still much better than humans are at trying to do this. As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genet

7、ic make-up and physical appearance. The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle，secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people who have

8、a high probability of having certain disorders. However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available for use by clinicians. This technique could bring significant benefits for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagno

9、sis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease a

10、nd, in turn, help find new treatments or cures. 注：努南综合征(Noonan syndrome)是一种在临床上具有相同的表型，但是在遗传上却存在异质性的疾病。tricky /trk/ adj. 狡猾的；机警的；棘手的identify /adentfa/ vt.确定；鉴定；识别；辨认出；使参与；把看成一样vi.确定；认同；一致disorder /dsdr/ n骚乱；混乱probability /prbblti/ n可能性；概率课标词汇narrow down 缩小；限制；减少result from 起因于；由造成in principle 大体上；原则

11、上discriminate against 歧视；区别对待be available for 有效；对有用cut down 削减；砍倒；杀死1As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that are most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. 句型精析分析：这是一个复合句。句子的主语为“the facial regions”，谓语为 “are highlighted”和 “made avai

12、lable”；“that are most helpful in the determination”是定语从句，“As the system makes its assessments”为状语。译文：在这个系统作出评估的时候，在测定中最有帮助作用的面部区域被照亮，使医生得以仔细检查。2If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle，secretly use such techniques to discriminate against

13、people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. 分析：这是一个复合句“If faces can reveal details about genetics”是条件状语从句，in principle，secretly 是状语，“to discriminate against people”是动词不定式作目的状语，“who have a high probability of having certain disorders”是定语从句，修饰先行词people。译文：如果面部能透露基因的详细情况，那么，雇主和保险公司大体上就能秘密地运用这些的技术区别对待那些很可能有一定疾病的人员。核心素养目标【语言技能】掌握形容词和短语