作文炼句第61篇译文老师笔记

1、1.一个收入低但是有幸拥有幸福的家庭生活以及满意的工作的人会被视为成功者，而一个没有人陪伴或者没有人生目标的吝啬富豪，则会是一个悲惨的失败者。Alow income earner（1.低收入者）blessed with（2.有幸拥有）a contented family life and a satisfying job could be considered a success, while amiserly（3.吝啬的）millionaire with no companions or purpose in life would be anabject failure（4.悲惨的失败者）.

2、1-低收入者 low income earner词典释义：earner1.N-COUNT 可数名词挣钱的人;盈利之物Anearneris someone or something that earns money or produces profit.a typical wageearner.典型的工薪阶层Sugar is Fijis second biggest exportearner.糖是斐济第二大出口创汇产品。外刊例句：On average 67 cents of every Social Security tax dollar is a pure tax, but the pure

3、tax rate is negative forlow-income earnersand 79 cents for high earners.（）在社会保障税中，平均每美元中67%都是纯税收，但这纯税务率有损低收入人群利益，而高收入人群的也才79%。学生错误表达：A person who has low income点评：income是可数名词，这里应该改为a person who has a low income2-有幸拥有 (be) blessed with词典释义：be blessed with sthto have a special ability, good quality et

4、c有幸拥有某物，被赋予某物:Were both blessed with good health.我们俩都有福气，身体很好。外刊例句：As he lay in hospital for months this year, Mandela taught us yet another lesson: just as we havebeen blessed withthe gift of his presence, so too must we accept his inevitable departure.（）曼德拉今年卧病在床多月，但这仍给我们上了一课：正如我们受益于其存在一样，我们也必须接受其

5、不可避免的离开。替换表达：be fortunate in doing sth3-吝啬的 miserly词典释义：miserly1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词吝啬的;小气的If you describe someone asmiserly, you disapprove of them because they seem to hate spending money, and to spend as little as possible.He ismiserlywith both his time and his money.他对时间和金钱都很吝啬。外刊例句：

6、Miserlysalaries could eventually deter bright young things from entering the criminal legal profession at all.（）刑事司法工作的微薄薪水使优秀年轻人最终不想从事此行业。替换表达：mean/stingy/tight-fisted4-悲惨的失败者 abject failure词典释义：abjectb.dektformaladjectiveEXTREME极度的abject misery/poverty/terror, etc.when someone is extremely unhappy

7、, poor, frightened, etc极其苦恼赤贫极度恐怖等They live inabjectpoverty.他们过着赤贫的生活。This policy has turned out to be anabjectfailure.结果已经证明这项政策彻底失败了。failureUKfe.ljrUS-ljnounNO SUCCESS失败ESSENTIALcountableoruncountablewhen someone or something does not succeed失败；失败的人（或事）The meeting was acomplete/totalfailure.这次会议是彻

8、头彻尾的失败。Im a bit of afailureatmaking (= I cannot make) cakes.我做蛋糕做得比较失败。Ifeel such afailure(= so unsuccessful).我觉得自己太失败了。Their attempt to climb the Eigerended infailure.他们攀登艾格峰的尝试以失败告终。The whole project wasdoomed tofailureright from the start (= It could never have succeeded).整个专案计划从一开始就注定了要失败。外刊例句：T

9、his conference has been a disaster and anabject failure. Our resources and effort are better spent elsewhere.（）这场会议简直是场灾难，彻底地失败了，我们的资源和努力早知道该投入到其他地方好的。2.有些人认为，机遇只是因为偶然巧合。另一些人则认为机会就存在于我们周围，他们还认为我们的态度决定了我们是否能够充分利用机会。Some people believe that opportunities are the result ofrandom chance（1.偶然巧合）. Others

10、argue that opportunities exist all around us and that our attitudes determine whether weexploit an opportunity（2.充分利用机会） or miss it.1-偶然巧合 random chance词典释义：random1.ADJ 形容词任意的；随机的；偶然的Arandomsample or method is one in which all the people or things involved have an equal chance of being chosen.The su

11、rvey used arandomsample of two thousand people across England and Wales.该调查在英格兰和威尔士随机抽样了2,000人。The competitors will be subject torandomdrug testing.参赛者将要接受随机药检。外刊例句：The groups overall accuracy was far superior to what could be expected fromrandom chance.（）该小组的总体准确度要比偶然巧合得来的高得多。2-充分利用机会 exploit an op

12、portunity词典释义：exploit3.VERB 动词充分运用；发挥If youexploitsomething, you use it well, and achieve something or gain an advantage from it.Youll need a good aerial toexploitthe radios performance.你需要弄个好天线来发挥广播的性能。Cary is hoping toexploitnew opportunities in Europe.卡里希望好好利用欧洲的新机遇。So you feel that your skills h

13、ave never been fully appreciated orexploited?所以你觉得你的技能从未被完全认可或者充分发挥作用？外刊例句：That is why our members feel it is better to offer help to those in need, rather than healthy businesses trying toexploit an opportunityto change their terms of trade.（）这就是为什么我们的成员觉得要帮助有需要的人群，而非那些企图借此机会来改变其销售额的医疗保健公司。替换表达：max

14、imize an opportunity3.成功人士主要是因他们为社会广大群体所做的贡献而被评价为成功，而且他们积累的财富只是他们所取得成就的一个意外好处而已。Successful people are judged mostly by what they have done forthe wider community（1.社会广大群体）, and the wealth theyaccrue（2.积累）is onlya side-effect of（3.带来的意外结果） their achievements.1-社会广大群体 the wider community词典释义：the wider

15、 community(=the community of which a small group is a part)The sports centre is available to both the university and the wider community.外刊例句：As they see it, their role in society is no longer about their responsibilities to the family andthe wider communitybut about their own rights.（）就像他们对这事的看法一样，

16、他们的社会角色已经不再对其家庭与社会广大群众富有责任，而仅在于自身利益。学生错误表达：Socialwide groups点评：中式表达，不存在socialwide groups的说法，这里可以改为thewider community2-积累 accrueaccrue和accumulate，这两个词都可以及物、不及物，主要是在积累的“对象”上，acculturate较为普遍，比如积累财富、债务、化学物质等等，而accrue积累的一般是金钱、利润、财富、好处。词典释义：accruekru:formalverbintransitiveto increase in number or amount o

17、ver a period of time积累；（逐渐）增加，增多Interest willaccrueonthe account at a rate of 7%.帐户上的存款将会以7%的利率生息。Little benefit willaccruetoLondon (= London will receive little benefit) from the new road scheme.新的道路修建计划几乎不会给伦敦带来甚么利益。外刊例句：A higher apprenticeship aimed at care managers enables them toaccrueuniversit

18、y credits which they can put towards a degree. （）在为护理管理人员而设的更高质量学徒制中，学徒可以争取大学学分来获得学位。替换表达：accumulate/amass3-带来的意外结果 a side-effect of词典释义：side effectnoun,pl-fects count 1:an often harmful and unwanted effect of a drug or chemical that occurs along with the desired effectNausea and diarrhea are thesid

19、e effectsof the drug.the harmfulside effectsof using chemicals to kill insects2:a result of an action that is not expected or intendedThe merger created positiveside effectsfor both companies.外刊例句：Viewed another way, however, this means some drugs can have more than one use if what isa side-effect o

20、fone treatment can be turned into the central effect of another.（）然而，从另外一个角度来看，这就意味着，若一种疗法的副作用可以变成另外一种疗法的核心作用，某些药能有更多作用。替换表达：an extra benefit of / a bonus ofQ：为什么这里使用比较级wider而不是wide 呢？A：the wider community是一个固定说法，不能写成the wide community4.那些出身于上流社会家庭的人如果出生于普通或者贫困家庭，那么他们肯定不能进入世界名校，或者乘坐私人飞机旅行。那些在贫穷或者受战争

21、严重破坏的国家的人，其机遇会与那些发达国家的人截然不同。Those born intoupper class families（1.上流社会家庭）would not be able to attend the worlds elite schools or travel on private jets if they had been born into ordinary or impoverished families. The opportunities of people in poor orwar-torn countries（2.受战争严重破坏的国家）willdiffer vastl

22、y from（3.与截然不同）those in highly developed ones.1-上流社会家庭 upper class families词典释义：upper class(alsothe upper classes plural)nounonly singular+ sing/pl verba social group consisting of the people who have the highest social rank and who are usually rich上流社会；上等阶级；富人阶层The upper classes usually send their

23、children to expensive private schools.富人阶层一般把孩子送往学费昂贵的私立学校。外刊例句：Putnam hits us with heart-sinking, if unsurprising, statistics punctuating this divide: nearly 70% of working-class children living in single-parent households, whileupper-class familiesdivorce rates have plummeted.（）帕特南区的情况会让我们更心碎，数据若无

24、意外的话，将准确地呈现出此差距：70左右工薪家庭孩子生活在单亲家庭，而上层阶级家庭的离婚率却已经下降了。2-受战争严重破坏的国家 war-torn countries词典释义：war-tornUKw:.t:nUSw:r.t:rnadjectiveseverely damaged by a long war, especially between different groups from the same country饱经战乱的；受战争蹂躏的It is a long-term task to rebuild the infrastructure of awar-torncountry suc

25、h as Angola.重建像安哥拉这样饱受战争蹂躏的国家的基础设施是一项长期的任务。外刊例句：Life for many of the 1m-odd asylum-seekers who have fled Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan and otherwar-torn countriesfor Europe in the past year has become intolerable.（）一百多万来自叙利亚、伊拉克、阿富汗和其他受战争严重破坏国家的政治难民在欧洲的生活处境已变得难以忍受。替换表达：war-ravagedcountries3-与截然不同 differ

26、vastly from词典释义：differUKdf.rUS-verbintransitiveADVANCEDto be not like something or someone else, either physically or in another way不同，不一样，有区别The twins look alike, but theydifferintemperament.这对双胞胎长得相像，但性格却不同。His viewsdifferconsiderablyfromthose of his parents.他的观点与其父母大相径庭。The findings of the various studiesdiffersignificantly/markedly/radically.各项研究的结果之间相差极大明显巨