新视野大学英语视听说教程4(新版)unit 1

1、II. Basic Listening PracticeIII. Listening InJack, can you help me move this heavy box?1Jack: No problem, Maria. Here let me lift this end. Oops!Maria: Ouch! My foot! Come on, cant you be a little more cautious?Jack: Im so sorry. It was an accident. No need to be furious!Maria: Youre always so clums

2、y, Jack. Im really losing my patience with allthe stupid mistakes you make around the office.Jack: Calm down, Maria; Ill certainly be more careful next time. This wasjust an accident.Maria:If you arent more careful, then next time someone could be badlyhurt. Oh, look! The glass in the box is all bro

3、ken now. Mr. Johnson is going to flyinto a rage.Jack: Oh no! What can I do to keep him from hitting the roof?Maria:Well, you can begin by helping me clean up the mess and thenhonestly tell him about your mistake.Jack: Maybe if I offer to pay for the damage, he wont be so angry. What doyou think?Mari

4、a:That might help solve the problem, though it could be quiteexpensive to replace it.Jack: Well, Im willing to do what it takes to keep Mr. Johnson from exploding.I need to keep my job!1.Why did Maria get angry with Jack?2.What can you infer about Jack from the dialog?3.Judging from the dialog, who

5、is MR.Johnson mostly like to be4.What does Maria advise Jack to do?5.Which of the following is not mentioned as a reason why Jack wants to pay forthe damage?Keys: ACBCB Hello, everyone. Today I invite you to join me in an exploration off the causes ofdepression. There ate many factors involved, but

6、I believe some deserve specialattention.Heredity certainly plays a role. .The tendency to develop depression may be inherited;there is evidence that this disorder may run in families.Physiology is another factor related to depression. There may be changes orimbalances in chemicals which transmit inf

7、ormation in the brain calledneurotransmitters. Many modern antidepressant drugs attempt to increase levels of2certain neurotransmitters so as to increase brain communication. While the causalrelationship is unclear; it is known that antidepressant medications do reliever certainsymptoms of depressio

8、n.Researchers also study psychological factors. They include the complex developmentof ones personality and how one has learned to cope with external environmentalfactors, such as stress. It is freeqently observed that low self-esteem and self-defeatingthinking are connected with depression. While i

9、t is not clear which is the cause andwhich is the effect, it is known that sufferers who are able to make corrections to theirthinking patterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.Another factor causing depression is ones early experiences. Events such as the deathof a parent, the divorce of the

10、parents, neglect, chronic illness, and severe physicalabuse can also increase the likelihood of depression later in life.Some present experiences may also lead to depression. Job loss, financial difficulties,long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse or other family member, or otherpainful e

11、vents may trigger depression. Long-term stress at home, work, or school canalso be involved.It is worth nothing that those living with someone suffering from depressionexperience increased anxiety which adds to the possibility of their also becomingdepressed.Depression-causingFactorsDescriptionThe t

12、endency to develop depression is inherited and may runin families.Depression may be caused by changes or imbalances inchemicals called neurotransmitters, which transmitinformationin the brainAntidepressant medication relieve certain symptoms ofdepression.Psychological Factors Low self-esteem and sel

13、f-defeating thinking are connectedwith depression.Sufferers who make correction to their thinking patterns canshow improvedmood and self-esteem.Event like the death of a parent, the divorce of parents,neglect, chronic illness, and severe physical abuse canincrease the likelihood of depression.Job lo

14、ss, financial , long periods ofunemployment, the loss of a spouse or other family member,or long-termstressmay trigger depression.Living with somebody This causes increasedanxiety, for those who live with them.with depression3Task3:Happiness indexAustralians were the happiest people in the world acc

15、ording to a surveyundertaken by two market researchers. They conducted door-to-door surveys andinterviews with nearly 30,000 people in 30 countries. They asked respondents howsatisfied they were with their overall quality of life. Forty-six percent of Australiansproclaimed to be very happy and expre

16、ssed optimism about their future. Followingthem in the very happy group was the USA (40 percent), Egypt (36 percent), India(34 percent) and the UK and Canada (32 percent). Hungary got the wooden spoon,finishing bottom of the happiness chart. Thirty-five percent of its citizens said theywere either d

17、isappointed or very unhappy, followed by Russians at 30 percent.The research demonstrated that money and age were key determinants in howhappy people are. Although the study did not indicate money could buy happiness, itdid reveal a link between a lack of money and unhappiness. Less happy population

18、swere found among lower-income groups or the unemployed.The study also suggested that on the whole, the older we become, the less happy weare. Globally, teenagers are the happiest people. The age group with the lowest levelsof happiness was 50-59. Only 16 percent of those in their 50s said they were

19、 veryhappy.The factors that make us happy include good health, financial security and ahappy marriage. Material comforts such as cars, clothes and gadgets rankedcomparatively low.1.Which country ranks to the second happiest?2.What conclusion can we draw from the passage about money and happiness?3.W

20、hich age group is the least happy?4.Which of the following is the least important in making people happy?5.What is the passage mainly about?Keys: BDAAC Speaking Out 1 Dontlet it toSusan: You look so angry. What happened?Chris:Nothing d rather not talk about it. Just dont ask.4Susan: Come on. Relax.

21、Talk to me.Chris:All right. This morning I took my car to the garage to check the air conditioner.They only gave it a quick look, refilled it with some Freon, and charged me300bucks!Susan: No wonder re livid. d be mad too if someone ripped me of like that.Chris:Yeah. And they were rude. They said Id

22、idntknow anything about cars, whichI dont, but they didnt have to be so blunt!Susan: Sounds like you got a raw deal!Chris: Whats worse, as I was leaving, I herd then saying, “Dont trust that guy. Helooks broke.”When I heard that,I almost hit the roof.Susan: Dont let it get to you. Better ignore them

23、.Chris: I agree. I did manageto keep my cool.Susan: Well, the best thing you can do is to file a complaint with the ConsumerProtection Agency.Chris: Sounds like a good idea. Imtoo Susan: Chris, I hear ve been down in the dumps, so ve come to cheer you up.Chris: s not gong o work. m too depressedSusa

24、n: Come, on.Tell me whats on your mind.Chris:Everything. My girlfriend left me; my dog ran away; my wallet was stolen.Susan: Dont worry. ll help you solve the biggest problem: finding you a newgirlfriend.Chris: Forget it. Anyway, m getting bad grades, and I was told that d have torepeat a lot of cou

25、rses next year. When I heard that, I almost lost it.Susan: Look, relax. ll help you with those courses.Chris:Yeah, but I also have threeweekslaundry to do., and my room is a pigsty.Susan: Forget it. Youre on your own.Chris:Come, on. What are friends for?Susan: To keep you in high spirits; not to do

26、your laundry. to top the Nora:Oh, hey, John!John: Hey!Nora:You seem to be on top of the world tonight. s up?5John: m so happy Im about to burst. Guess what?Nora:Youvegot me.John: It might be true that misfortunes never come singly, but you can also have a“doubleblessing. And s what I had.Nora:You me

27、an youve had two happy events in your life?John: Exactly. You know, I was strong in all subjects except physics. Now ve finallypassed the test-the one I needed toqualify for a Bachelors degree.Nora:d you.WhatsJohn: I a a.Nora:Wow, wonderful, simple wonderful.John:I aNora: 1SAMPLE DIALOGA:You look fu

28、rious. What happened?B: Nothing. Idrather not talk about it. Just dont ask.A: Come on. You shouldntkeep your feeling to yourself. You need to let off somestream. So, talk tome.B: All right. This morning I went to a shop to buy a digital camera, I only need anordinary one. It is enough for my tours i

29、n the summer vacation. Buy they persuadedme to buy a professional camera, which cost three times as much.A:But you were willing to buy for it. Anyway, it must work better.B: You see, I know next to nothing about photography. So they simply tricked me intobuying an expensive one.A:No wonder youre liv

30、id with rage. Id be mad too if I were robbed like that. Whatare you going to do?B: I already went back to them and asked to exchange it for a cheaper one.A:What did they say?B: Oh, they were rude. They insisted that they hadnt encouraged me to buy aprofessional camera, and that I bought it myself.A:

31、Sounds like you got a raw deal! s I I ”A:Dont let it get to you. Better ignore their rude remarks.B: I agree. I did manage to keep my cool.: Well, the best thing you can do is to file a complaint with the Consumer ProtectionAgency. If they talk to the shop, maybe they will give you a refund.6B: Soun

32、ds too good to be true. Lets TalkWilliams feelingsWhen I first met my parents, I was really shy, and I was, and I was in my fosterhome and I ran upstairs, shy, and I was in my bedroom crying, and my mum came upand said, Oh William, are you OK? and I ignored my mum, cause I didnt know herand I was sc

33、ared. So, then my foster mum came up and I came down and we hadsome fun time. It was nice when I first arrived. I thought, Oh goody, two sisters, Ican play with them. But now its just, Oh no, not them again! I argue with one ofmy sisters about her rabbits, cause she doesnt let me touch them. Well sh

34、e does,butWhen I have a bit of a bad time with my sister, I go and speak with my mum andmy dad. I feel most comfortable speaking to my dad about all my worries and stuff. Iwish I had a brother in this family, but then its just nice (being.) having two sisters,but Id rather have a brother anyway. I m

35、ix with different people. Im mostly friendswith adults, cause I normally see adults more than children for some reason, I dontknow why. It was scary going from my primary school to secondary school, but thenthats just me growing up, and Ive got to take the chances and take, just take what Ivelearned

36、 already and just move on and learn different things.When I have a bit of a bad time with my sister, I go and speak with my mum andmy dad. I feel most comfortable speaking to my dad about all my worries and stuff. Iwish I had a brother in this family, but then its just nice (being.) having two siste

37、rs,but Id rather have a brother anyway. I mix with different people. Im mostly friendswith adults, cause I normally see adults more than children for some reason, I dontknow why. It was scary going from my primary school to secondary school, but thenthats just me growing up, and Ive got to take the

38、chances and take, just take what Ivelearned already and just move on and learn different things.VI. Further Listening and Speaking is A bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender. This (S1) owner of theestablishment is giving his new hire some instructions on (S2) running the place.

39、Hetells the timid man, If you ever hear that Big John is coming to town, (S3) dropeverything and run for the hills! Hes the biggest, nastiest (S4) outlaw whos everlived!”7A few weeks pass (S5) uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand comesrunning through town (S6) , “Big John is coming! Run

40、for your (S7) lives”When the bartender leaves the bar to start running, he is knocked to the ground byseveral townspeople rushing out of town. (S8) As hes picking himself up, he sees alarge man, almost seven feet tall. Hes muscular, and is growing as he approaches the.He steps up to the door, orders

41、 the poor barkeep inside, and demands, “I want a beerNOW!”He strikes his heavy fist on the bar, splitting it in half. (S9) The bartender nervouslyhands the big man a beer, hands shaking. He takes the beer, bites the top of the bottleoff, and downs the beer in one gulp.As the terrified bartender hide

42、s behind the bar, the big man gets up to leave, Do youwant another beer?”the bartender asks in a trembling voice.Dang it, I donthave time!”the big man yells, (S10) “I got to get out of town! Dontyou hear Big John is ?” Task 2:Emotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason; s is suggested by

43、 phrasesuch as” appeal to emotions rather than reason” and dont let your emotions take. Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts whichpeople may later regret or disagree with; but during an emotional state, they could notcontrol their actions. Thus, it is generally believed tha

44、t one of the most distinctivefacts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.However, recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinctionbetween reason and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as aninstinctive response to observed fact. The h

45、uman mind possesses many possiblereactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, with some ofthem involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is often called “cold,and others involving the extremes of pure emotion not related to logical agreement,which is called

46、“theheat of passion . The relation logic and emotion merits carefulstudy. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, event one basedprimarily on reason. This is especially true in religion or ideology, which frequentlydemands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance. In such areas of t

47、hought, humanbeings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument andpartly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested thattypically there is no pure”decision or thought; that is, no thought is based purely”on intellectual logic or ” on emotionmost decisions are founded on amixture of both.81. What results does the speaker may some from emotional reactions?2. What is the popular belief about r