2023中考语法讲解与练习10-形容词比较、最高级

1、2023中考语法讲解与练习10形容词比拟、最高级英语语法是英语的重要局部，在中考的选择题、语法填空、改错、造句以及作文都会涉及，本套练习从既有讲解又有练习，是复习的好资料，提分的好助手。语法讲解：形容词、 副词的原级、比拟级和最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比拟级和最高级三级。原级变为比拟级和最高级有规那么变化和不规那么变化两种。2、规那么变化:(1)单音节和局部双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比拟级和最高级。a)直接加er,est ：b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：(2)两个音

2、节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.3、不规那么变化:原级比拟级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)4、形容词和副词的原级、

3、比拟级和最高级的用法：(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。根本句型是：主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词+ (very/too/so/quite/rather) + 形容词/副词原级+.如：He is very old now.(他现在很老了) / They ran quite fast.(它们跑得相当快) / The weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟) / I am so happy!(我是如此的快乐)表示两者之间没有差异时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词+ as + 形容词/副词原级+ as + 第二个人物+.如：He is as ex

4、cited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)/ Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)/ They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否认式)+ as / so + 形容词/副词原级+ as + 第二个人物+.如：He isnot so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) /

5、Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) / They didnt pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比拟级。根本句型：主语(A)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比拟级+than+第二个人物(B)+.如：A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了

6、) / This book didnt cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多)讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比拟级。句型是：主语(A) + 谓语动词 + less+ (多音节形/副)比拟级+ than + 第二个人物(B) +.如：I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)/ Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗？)(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个

7、时,用最高级。句型是：主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词+(the) +形容词/副词最高级+in / of .如：The Changjiang River is the longest in China.(长江是中国最长的河流) / He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)4、关于比拟等级的重要注释：1、以上六个句型中,如果动词是及物或不及物动词,那么后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,那么后面用形容词。如：This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)/ Th

8、is car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)2、“比拟级+and+比拟级表示“越来越。如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了)3、“the+比拟级,the+比拟级表示“越就越。如：The more trees we plant,the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)/ The harder you try,the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大)4、一般的形容词或副词的比拟级前面

9、可以加much/a little/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。如：It is much colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了)/ Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？)/He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)5、more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于,相当于副词,more than=over; less than=under.如：I li

10、ved in New York for more than four months.(我在纽约生活了四个多月)6、“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。如：One of the oldest houseshas been burnt in a fire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了)7、“Which / Who+动词+形/副,or?句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比拟级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如：Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？)/ Which is the

11、heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重？)8、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比拟级,而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/no one/ every等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如： -Do you like the smaller one?Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢)/ -Which do you like best? All of them!(你最喜欢哪个？全部。)练习：1、Monkeys are the _ animals in

12、 the world. They can do something like us.A. smallest B. most dangerousC. cleverest D. thinnest2、- Dad, do you like my picture?- How wonderful! Its _ one Ive ever seen!AniceBthe nice Cnicer Dthe nicest3、Why didnt you enjoy the film？It was film that I had ever seenAthe most interesting Bthe least int

13、erestingCmore interesting Dless interesting4、Do you know Lin Shuhao?Yes.He is one of _ basketball players in the NBA.Apopular Bmore popular Cthe most popular5、When is the time to visit Brazil？In August and September，I thinkNot too cold，not too hotAhottest Bhotter Cbest Dbetter6、All the students in o

14、ur class are over fifteen except Nick. He is_in our class.A. younger B. older C. the youngest D. the oldest7、The hotel is very old. Its one of buildings in the city.A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest8、Its hard to hold back the tears. This is _thing I ve ever heard.A. sad B. sadder C. saddest D.

15、 the saddest.9、Miho is student because she was born later than anyone else in her class. A. young B. younger C. the younger D. the youngest10、Its said that the year 2023 is the _everAwarm Bwarmth Cwarmer Dwarmest11、Of all the drinks, tea is _ in the world. It has a history of about 5,000 years.A. ol

16、d B. older C. the oldest D. very old12、Peter is _ boy in our class and he often helps us carry heavy things. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest13、Which isseason in Beijing?I think its autumn. A. good B. better C. best D. the best14、Yongzhou City is one of _in China.A. the happiest c

17、ity B. happiest cities C. the happiestcities15、Jane is _among the girls of her family. She learns things very quickly.A) smart B) as smart as C) smarter D) the smartest16、The movie Batman and Joker is _ one that Ive ever seen.A. more exciting B. more excited C. the most exciting D. the most excited1

18、7、-Li Ping, was there a traffic accident on West Street last night?-Yes. Twenty-five people died. Its _ one that I have ever heard of.A. the most serious B. a more terrible C. the most seriously D. the least terribly18、you read,youll be. A. More, faster B. The most, the fastest C. The more, the fast

19、erD. Most , fastest19、Nothing is _ than keeping trying if you want to achieve your dreams. A. very important B. more important C. the most important D. as important as20、_ exercise you do, _ youll be.AThe fewer; the fatter BThe less; the fatterCThe less; the more fatter DThe more; the fatter 21、How

20、can you study in the living room when other people are watching TV? I think you need a _ place.A. cleaner B. quieter C. smaller D. safer22、 Whom would you like to be your monitor, Lucy or Mary? I think Lucy would be_ . A. better B. good C. best D. the better23、What bad weather!Yes. The radio says it

21、 will be even _. A. worse B. bad C. badly D. worst24、Tai Mountain in Shandong is _than Maiji Mountain in Gansu.Athe highest Bmuch highest Cmore higher Dmuch higher 25、Now the air in our city is _ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.A. good B. better C. worse26、Bob knows how to cut

22、the cost of the project.Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ people.Aless; less Bfewer; more Cmore; fewer Dless; fewer 27、The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane.What?! Ive never heard of_idea before. A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest28、 Hi! A

23、ndrew. How can you improve your maths so much? Nothing difficult. The _ you work at it, the _ mistakes you will make.A. harder; lessB.hardier; fewer C.more hardly; fewer D.harder; fewer29、I felt much after I told the problems to my close friend.A. good B. well C. better D. best30、Our country is gett

24、ing _. We are proud of it. A. more and more strong B.strong and strong C.stronger and stronger 31、If more people give up driving cars, the air will get much _ in a few days.A. clean B. cleaner C. the cleanest32、I failed to catch the last bus on that cold winter night. I couldnt feel then. A. more ex

25、cited B. more terrible C. the most excited D. the most terrible33、Of the two skirts, Lucy choseone.A. less expensive B. the least expensiveC. the less expensive D. the most expensive参考答案一、选择题1、C 由后句“它们可以像我们一样做一些事情可知“猴子是世界上最聪明的动物。2、D3、B根据问句 Why didnt you enjoy the film？推断答语的句意是这是我曾经看过的最没趣的一部，最没趣用the

26、least interesting，形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，应选：B【点评】此题考查形容词的最高级，结合句意和比拟范围，确定形容词的比拟等级，三者或三者以上比拟，要用形容词的最高级4、Cone of 后面接最高级。应选C。5、C6、C7、D8、D9、D10、D11、C12、D13、D 14、C15、D16、C17、A18、C19、B20、B21、B22、D23、A24、D25、C26、D根据前句“Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project.可知，鲍勃懂得怎样削减开支，所以后句应是“用更少的钱和更少的人力来做这个工作。money是不可数名词，不能用few、many修饰，可排除B项；people是集体名词，不能用little、much修饰，可排除A项。应选D。27、A28、D29、C30、C31、B32、B【解析】考查形容词的比拟级。句意：在那个寒冷的冬夜，我没能赶上最后一班公交车，我感到再糟糕不过了。否认词couldnt+比拟级表示“在不过了，先排除C、D两个选项；由“failed to catch可知，这里是“没有比这更糟糕的了，terrible表示“糟糕的，应选B。A2023年中考资料介绍英语局部中考词汇辨析122组