人教版初中英语中考复习知识点归纳总结全册

1、 /392Theresno（time）todosth没有（时间）做某事3Ittakessb.sometime（money）todosth某人花费多少时间（金钱）做某事Be+形容词+enough+todosth足够做某事Be+too+形容词+todosth太不能做某事beready+todosth乐意做某事Its+形容词+forsb.+todosthbeafraidtodosth不敢做某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth宁愿也不愿wouldliketodosth/wouldlovetodosth.常用于口语中，表示喜欢hadbetterdosth（不带的不定式）最好”W

2、ill/Wouldyouplease（not）dosth?请你（不要）做好吗？Exercises：Weareoftentoldatpeopleintrouble.A.nottosmileB.tosmileC.nottolaughD.tolaughWouldyoupleasethewindow?Itstoocoldoutside.A.openB.openingC.notopenD.nottoopenShepreferstooffermoremoneyforabetterTVsetlessforthisone.A.ratherthanpayB.topayC.nottopayD.topayingMy

3、grandfatherwantsaroundtheworldbecauseheenjoysnewplaces.A.traveling;seeingB.totravel;toseetotravel;seeingD.traveling;toseeMywatchisbroken.Iwanttoknowhowtomakeit.A.workB.toworkC.walkD.towalkOnherwayhomeLucysawathiefinashop.Shestopped110atonce.A.steal;callB.tosteal,callC.stealing,tocallstealing,calling

4、TheteachertoldLucytoomuchtimecomputergames.A.nottospend,inB.tonotspend,ondidntspend,playingD.nottospend,playingThegirlswereaskedgooutatnight.A.tonottoB.notC.nottoD.donotJackisveryfunny.Healwaysmakesus.A.laughB.laughingC.tolaughD.laughsTheheadmastertoldusattheScienceMuseumontimeA.arriveB.arrivesC.toa

5、rriveD.arrivingLookout!Thetrafficismovingfast.Itsdangerouscrossthestreet.A.very,toB.so,toC.much,toD.too,toIvemadeitpossibleformycomputersthesameprogramsbymeansofnetworking.A.toshareB.shareC.sharedD.sharesShoppingwithme?Sorry,IhavealotofclothesA.towashB.washedC.washD.tobewashedCouldyoushowusabike?A.h

6、owtomendB.whattobuyC.wheretogoD.howmanytobuyLucyshoulddoherhomeworknow.Butshedoesntfeellikeit.A.doesB.doC.doingD.todoThestudentsarealwaysEnglishorChineseeverymorningonweekdays.A.keptreadingB.keepingreadingC.kepttoreadkeepingtoreadTheriversmellsterrible.Peoplemustdirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB

7、.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowingHefoundithardhisclass.A.tocatchupB.catchupwithC.catchupD.tocatchupwithWouldyoumindthewindow,please?Itscoldoutside.A.tocloseB.closingC.closedD.closeYoudbetterupstairsandtellthechildrenmakesomuchnoise.A.go,nottoB.go,dontC.togo,nottoD.togo,dontUnits9

8、-10重点短语：have/hasgoneto+地点到某地去了（人不在此处）have/hasbeento+地点曾经去过某地，有曾经去过某地的经历have/hasbeenin+地点在某地anamusementpark游乐园arollercoaster过山车endup结束endupwith以.结束English-speakingcountry说英语的国家anativespeakerofEnglish以英语为母语的人suchas例如,比如threequarters四分之三listening/writingskill听力/写作技巧alargepopution人口众多asmallpopulation人烟稀

9、少naturalenvironment自然环境smalltalk闲聊haveproblemdoingsth做某事有问题atleast至少thank-younote感谢信lookthrough查看,浏览sofar到目前为止getalong相处comealong意外）来到重点句型:Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?No,Iveneverbeentoanamusement./Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear.Harveyandhisfriendaregoingskating.3.Itsaniceday,isntit?Yes,itis.Ireal

10、lylovehotweather.YoureJennysfriend,arentyou?Yes,Iam.清单一：动词的-ing形式及语法功能动词的-ing形式动词-ing形式是英语中较多的形式之一，它是动词原形+ing构成的。它既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的一些特征.在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语。它没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。否定式：not+动词的-ing形式动词的-ing形式的语法功能：作主语，往往说明事物的普遍性、广泛性：Readingaloudisveryhelpful.大声朗读是很有好处的。Collectingstampsisinterestin

11、g.集邮很有趣。当动词的-ing形式短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。Itsnousequarrelling.争吵是没用的。用法点津：不定式和动词的-ing形式作主语的区别。不定式更强调具体性，往往有明确的时间，而动词的-ing形式是一种泛指.一种体验，不是明确的发生在过去.现在或将来的动作，更具有普遍性。Readingisreallyfun.读书真有趣。Toreadsuchastoryishard.读这样一个故事真是难。作表语,用以说明事物的身份性质等，此时和不定式的用法相同：Whathelikesisplayingfootballafterclass。他所喜欢的事就是课后踢足球。作宾语：Do

12、youenjoylisteningtopopmusic？你喜欢听流行音乐吗？Wearethinkingofmakinganewplan.我们正考虑制定一个新计划。Iamnowbusysendingpostcards.我现在正忙于邮寄贺年卡。注意动词的-ing形式既可以作动词宾语也作介词和形容词的宾语，如上面三个例句。此外，动词的-ing形式作宾语是时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，如；Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers。我们发现取笑他人不好。用法点津：如下动词及短语只跟动词-ing形式作宾语：enjoy、finish、suggest、avoid（避免）、e

13、xcuse、delay、imagine、keep、miss、consider.admit（承认）、deny（否认）、mind、permit、forbid、pratise、risk、appreciate、bebusy、beworth、feellike、cantstand、canthelp、thinkof、dreamof、befondof、prevent（from）、keepfrom、stopfrom、protectfrom、setabout、beengagedinspend（in）、succesdin、beusedtolookforwardto、objectto、payattentionto、i

14、nsideon、feellike.作定语，表示被修饰词的性质、身份、用途、正在进行的行为或状态等：Theoldmanhastowalkwithawalkingstick.这个老人只好借助拐杖走。Thisisaninterestingstory.这是一个有趣的故事。Themanwaitingatthegateisaskingtoseeyou.在大门口等的那个人要见你。作宾语补足语，表明宾语的性质、状态或正在进行的行为：如下动词后可跟动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语：see,watch,hear,feel,found,get,keep,notice,observe,listento,lookat,l

15、eave,catch,discover等。Canyouhearhersinginginthenextroom.吗？他让他让小汽车在门口等寄走。着。作状语，表示时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果、目的等：（While）Wokinginthefactory，hewasanadvancedworker。在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人（表示时间）。BeingaLeaguemember，heisalwayshelpingothers。由于是共青团员，他经常帮助别人。（表示原因）Hestayedathome，cleaningandwashing。他呆在家里，又擦又洗。（表伴随）（If）playingallday

16、,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。（表条件）Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。（表结果）Hewentswimmingtheotherday.几天前他去讲话了。（目的）做让步状语：Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。清单二：不定式与动词-ing形式宾语的比较1在下列一些动词后面常跟动词-ing作宾语，而不跟不定式：admit，appreciate，advice，allow，consider

17、，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feellike，finish，fancy，forbid，imagine，include，keep，metion，mind，miss，practice，resist，risk,suggest等。如：HepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.他每天练习说英语。Headmittedhavingbrokenthewindow.他承认打破了那扇窗子。Imuchappreciateyourgivingmethechance.我非常感激你给了我这个机会。2在下列一些动词后只跟不定式，不跟动词-ing

18、做宾语：want（想要），hope,expect（期望），wish,decide,wouldlike,refuse,manage,pretend,demand,offer,afford,plan,wonder,intend等。如：Iamexpectingtogetaletterfrommyparents.我期待着父母的来信。Weareplanningtobuildanotherresearchcenter.我们正计划着建另一所研究中心。在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义不同。如：你能听见她在隔壁唱歌练习。Remembertopostthebookforme.记住帮我把那本

19、书（1）Irememberdoingthisexercisdebefore.我记得前做过这个辨析：rememberdoing你能听见她在隔壁唱歌练习。Remembertopostthebookforme.记住帮我把那本书（2）WeshallneverforgethearingJacksonsinging.我们忘不了听杰克逊唱歌的情形。Dontfogettogivemyregardstothem.别忘了代我向他们问好。辨析：forgetdoing忘了做过的事（某事已做过）forgettodo忘了去做某事（某事还没做）（3）Illtrytoimprovemypronunciation.我会试着改善

20、我的发音。Sincenooneansweredthefrontdoor,whynottryknockingatthebackdoor?既然前门没人答应，为什么不试试后门呢？辨析：trytodo尽力去做某事trydoing（用另外一种方式）试一试，试试看（4）Isuggestwestopworkingandhavingarese.我们停下来休息一会儿。Theystoppedtolisten,buttherewasnomoresound.他们停下来，听一听，再没什么声音。辨析：stoptodo停下（某事）去做（另一件）事。（表目的）stopdoing把（正在做的）某事停下来。（宾语）（5）What

21、doyoumeantodowithyouroldbicycle?打算如何处理你那辆旧自行车？Iwontwaitifitmeansdelayingaweekorso.如果这意味着要推迟一个星期左右,那我就不等了。辨析：meantodo打算做某事meandoing意味着做某事在love,like,hate,prefer后面跟不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，如：Doyouliketoeatanice-cream?你想吃冰淇淋吗？Iliketravelingverymuch.我非常喜欢旅游。在start,begin后面，一般接不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，在下列情况下,一般用不定式：自然界变

22、化：Itstartedtorain.开始下雨了。Sonwstartedtomeltasspringcame.春天来了，雪开始融了。心理活动，在understand,know,reaside等词前面：Ibegantounderstandmymothersfeelings.我开始理解母亲的感受了。begin,start本身为现在进行时：MotherwasstartingtocookinthekitchenwhenIgothome.我到家时母亲在厨房开始做饭。在allow,advise,permit,forbid等词后面，有名词或代词作宾语，用不定式作宾语补足语，如果没有宾语，直接用ing形式，如：

23、Wedontallowparkinghere.我们不允许在这儿停车。Thepolicedontallowpeopletoparkhere.警察不允许在这儿停车。need，require，want译作需要时，跟动词ing形式作宾语，主动表示被动，相当于tobedone,如：Thewindowsrequirecleaning.Thewindowsrequiretobecleaned.窗子要擦了。8在一些固定表达中用ing形式，不用不定式：canthelpdoing,beworthdoing,devotetodoing,lookforwardtodoing,be/get/becomeusedtodo

24、ing,objecttodoing,thankfordoing,excusefordoing等。Einsteindevotedhislifetomakingaresearchinscience.爱因斯坦终身致力于科学研究。Imlookingforwardtogettingyourletter.我期盼收到你的来信。清单三：动词-ing形式与-ed形式作形容词时的区别动词-ing形式在句中作定语，表示一个正在进行的动作，它与主语中心词之间存在着主谓关系。动词的-ed形式在句中作定语，表示一个已完成的或被动的动作，它与中心词之间存在着动宾关系。如：Thiswasbecausetherewasnoma

25、chineallowingapersontobreatheunderwaterforalongtime这是因为没有一台可以让人在水下长时间呼吸的机器。WeliveinaplacecalledGumTree.我们住在一个叫做桉树村的地方。Takeawaythebrokenglass.把那个被打碎的玻璃杯拿走。Thesleepingbabyishers.那个睡着的孩子是她的。走进中考动词的-ing形式做主语DidyouhaveanyproblemsinLondon?Yes,Chinesefoodlikerice,noodlesanddumplings.A.findB.foundC.findingD

26、.tofindWhatsmadeyousoupset?threeticketstothepopmusicconcert.A.LostB.LosingC.BecauseoflosingD.SinceIlost动词-ing的形式作宾语3.Samenjoysstamps.Andnowhehas266ofthem.A.tocollectB.collectedC.collectscollectingWerelookingforwardtotheWorldCup2006inGermany.A.visitingB.watchingC.lookingWouldyoumindmoreslowly?Icantfe

27、llowyou.A.speakB.spokeC.spokenD.speaking只能跟-ing形式的动词或短语“Wouldyoumindthemusic?”“No,notatall.”A.turnonB.toturnoverC.turningonAreyouafraidofathome,Linda?No,Ivegrownup.A.aloneB.beingaloneC.lonelyD.beinglonelyWhenIthefarm,thechildrenhavefinishedtheapple.A.reach;pickingB.got;pickingC.came;pickedD.arrivedi

28、n;topick既能跟-ing形式又能跟不定式作宾语的动词WheresMrYu,doyouknow?Well,itshardtosay.ButIsawhim.A.waswatchingB.watchingC.hadwatchedwatched10.Sheoughttostop,shehasaheadachebecauseshetoolong.A.towork,wasreadingB.towork,hasreadC.working,hasreadD.working,readJanelikessinging,weoftenhearherafterclass.A.singB.tosingC.singsD.sang动词-ing形式与-ed形式作形容词时的区别Whatnewsitwas!Yes,allofthechildrenwereA.excited;excitingC.exciting;excitingThedoctoraB.exciting;excitedD.excited;excitedboyyesterday.A.hadsaved,dyingB.saved,deadB.exciting;excitedD.excited;excitedboyyesterday.C.hassaved,deadD.saved,dy