高考中学英语词汇辨析集锦

1、1.中学英语词汇辨析集锦sound, voice,noisesound 自然界各种各样的声音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音 I hate the loud noise outside.exercise, exercises,practicee 运动，锻炼（不可数，s 练习（可数，（反复做的）练习 take exercise 做运动work,job二者均指工作。work 不可数，job 可数 a good job，What interesting work it is!cook,cookercook 厨师，cooker 厨具 He is a good cook.police,polic

2、emane n指某个具体的警察 eeegin the blem,questionmkn连用price,prizeprice 价格，prize 奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low.a number of, the numberofa number of 许多，谓语动词用复数。the number The number of students is increasing.in front of, in the frontofin front of 范围外的前面，in the front of 范围内的前面 A boy sits in

3、the front of the room.next the next yearnext year 将来时间状语，the next year 过去将来时间状语He said he would go abroad the next year.in bed, on thebedin bed 卧在床上，on the bed 在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.the people, apeoplethe people 指人，a people 指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.it,oneit 同一物

4、体，one 同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.that,thisthat 指代上文所提到的，this 导出下文所要说的 I was ill. Thats whynone, nothing, noonenone 强调有多少，nothing, no one 强调有没有，nothing 指物，no one 指人- How many/How much? - None.anyone, anyoneanyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人/物均可，可接 of, any one of youwho,whatwho 指姓名或关系，what

5、指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.what,whichwhat 的选择基础是无限制的，which 在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?anotherother 后接名词复数，another 后接名词单数 other students, another studentmany, much, a lotofmany 和可数名词连用，much 和不可数名词连用，a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I havent many books.much morethan, manym

6、orethanmuch morethan 后接形容词或不可数名词，many morethan 后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautifulno,notno=not a/any, no friend=not a/any friend, no water=not any waterby oneself, for oneself, tooneselfby oneself 单独的，独自的，for oneself 为自己，to oneself 供自己用的at all, afterallat all 根本，全然, after a

7、ll 到底，毕竟 After all he is a child.tall,hightall 常指人或动物，high 常指物体 He is tall.fast,quicklyfast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quicklyhigh,highlyhigh 具体的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的 think highly of（高度赞扬）sleeping, asleep,sleepysleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的a s

8、leeping baby， The baby is asleep. Im sleepy.real,truereal real gold, a true storypleasant, pleased,pleasingpleasant 常用作定语，pleased 常用作表语，pleased 主语常为人，a pleasant pleased ill,sickill 做表语，sick 定语、表语均可 a sick boy, He is sick/ill.good,wellgood 形容词，well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.hard,hardlyhard 努力，ha

9、rdly 几乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.excited,excitingexcited 使人兴奋的，exciting 令人兴奋的 Im excited. The news is exciting.before long, longbeforebefore long 不久以后，long before 很久以前happy,gladhappy 高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad 高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl, Im happy/ glad to see you.instead, insteadofinstead 是副词，放在句首或句末，ins

10、tead of 是介词短语，放在句中He didnt see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.too much, muchtootoo much 后接不可数名词，much too much too heavyraise,riseraise 及物动词，rise 不及物动词 The sun rises in the east. Raise your hand, please.bring, take, carry,fetchbring 拿来，take 带走，carry 随身携带，fetch 去

11、回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalkspend, take, pay,costspend 人做主语，花钱，花时间; spendon sth./(in) doing sth; take 物做主语，花时间; It takes sb some time to do sth.; pay 人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost 物做主语，花钱;sth cost some moneyjoin, join in, take partinjoin 加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in 参加小型的活动, join sb. in； take part in 参加大型的活动 He

12、joined the army five years ago.learn,studylearn 学习，侧重学习的结果，study 学习，侧重学习的过程，研究study the problemwant, hope,wisht打算，想要，toto希望（通常可以实现，eo/e希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.replyanswer 及物动词，reply 不及物动词，后接 to, reply to the letterleave, leaveforleave 离开，leave for 前往 He left

13、Beijing for Shanghai.drop,falldrop 及物不及物均可，fall 不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.win, lose,beatwin 后接 sth.，反义词为 lose, beat 后接 sb. win the game, beat themlive on, livebylive on 以为主食，live by 靠谋生 live on fish/ live by fishingcatch a cold, have acoldcatch a cold 不能和表示一段时间have a cold 可以She

14、 has had a cold for a week.change change intochange for 调换成，change into 变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.go for a go to adoctorgo for a doctor 去请医生，go to a doctor 去看病arrive, get,reacharrive 不及物动词，后接 in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get 不及物动词后接 to，reach 及物动词arrive in Beijing, get to Beiji

15、ng, reach Beijingagree with, agreeto,agree with 同意某人，agree to 同意某事， agree with you, agree to the plan, agree to do sthreceive,acceptreceive 收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept 接受 I received a gift, but I didnt accept it.put on, dresswear 和 dress 表状态,wear 接衣服等,可用进行时，dress 接人,be dressed in, put on 表动作Its cold outsid

16、e. Put on your warm clothes.listen,hearlisten 强调动作，hear 强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.look, see,watchlook 看的动作，see 看的结果，watch 强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展 watch TVlie,laylie 躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay 平放(laid, laid) lay the bookturn, get,growturn 表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get 强调变的结果，grow 强调过程，逐渐的变化turn yellow,

17、 get tired, grow bigclose, shut, turnoffclose 和 shut 当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off 用于指有开关的物体Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.atin (表地点)at 小地点，in 大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghaiday after day, day bydayyry日复一日（无变化；yyy一天天地（有变化）swryyafterin (表时间)after 接时间点，in 接时间段,用于将来时 after 7:00, in

18、 five minutesbetween,amongbetween 两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among 三者或三者以上之间Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.through,acrossthrough 穿越空间，across 在上穿过 through the forest, across the desertabove, on,overabove 在上面，不接触，on 在上面，接触，over 在正上方 fly over the hilluntil,notuntiluntil 到为止， notuntil 直到才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00. He didnt come until 3:00.besides,except