外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 War and Peace 词汇拓展 讲义（素材）

1、Unit 3 War and peaceviolent adj 狂暴的，凶暴的 拓展： violence n 暴力He had violent stomach pains. 他有过剧烈的胃痛。Most people disapprove of such violent tactics. 多数人不赞同这类暴力手段。These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime. 这些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。Violence is always pointless. 暴力总是毫无意义的。He hates violence in any form. 他憎恶任何

2、形式的暴力。I was nauseated by the violence in the movie. 影片中的暴力场面让我感到恶心。I dont condone violence in any shape or form. 我决不容忍任何形式的暴力。Humour is a more effective defence than violence. 幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。I have never encouraged nor condoned violence. 我从来没有鼓励或纵容过暴力行为。objective n目的，目标 adj 客观的，公正的拓展：achieve / meet

3、/ accomplish an objective 达到目标main / primary / principal objective 主要 / 首要目标subjective 主观的Our objective is a free, open, and pluralistic society. 我们的目标是一个自由、开放和多元化的社会。Winning is not the prime objective in this sport. 获胜不是这项体育运动的主要目的。The objective would be to recycle 98 percent of domestic waste. 该目标

4、是循环使用98%的生活垃圾。An objective set of rules which we all agree to accept is necessary for any ordered society. 任何井然有序的社会都需要一套客观公正、为大家所接受的规则。Newton gave a scientific and objective explanation of colors. 牛顿对颜色作了科学、客观的解释。He rejected an objective understanding of color, in favor of a more subjective underst

5、anding. 他不接受对颜色的客观理解，更倾向于支持主观理解。The artist is depicting subjective emotions, showing the inner reality as interpreted by the artist rather than the outward form. 画家描绘的是主观的情感，表现的是画家所理解的内在的实质，而不是外在的形式。recall v 回想，回忆起， 召回，收回 n 记忆力，记忆拓展： recall doing sth. 回想起做某事as I recall 据我回忆recall sb. from 从.召回某人 bey

6、ond recall 无法回忆起I recall many discussions with her on these and kindred topics. 我回想起多次同她就这些问题及类似话题进行的讨论。At home, his children recall, he prized the solitude of his lawnmower. 孩子们回忆道，在家时，他羡慕剪草工的清静。Perhaps you can recall what was said but not in what language it was said. 也许你能回忆起说了什么，但却想不起来说的是什么语言。bar

7、ely adv 勉强才能 ， 几乎不，刚刚，只有，仅仅拓展： barely enough 足够勉强He barely registered our presence. 他几乎没有注意到我们在场。She was barely able to stand. 她勉强能站立。He was barely able to drag his poisoned leg behind him. 他勉强拖着中了毒的腿向前走。liberate v 解放，使自由，使摆脱约束拓展： liberate sb. from 将某人从.中释放出来liberation n 解放 liberator n 解放者liberated

8、adj 不受约束的，解放思想的deliberate adj 故意的When we liberate the economic potential of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nations, and the world. 当我们释放了妇女的经济潜力，我们就改善了社区、国家和世界的经济表现。Liberate your developers to rapidly prototype new applications. 解放开发员从而快速的为新程序构型。So I encourage you, libera

9、te yourself - accept responsibility. 在此我还是鼓励你，放开自己勇敢的负起责任。Writing down what you feel and how you feel can help you out liberate from your emotional prison. 写下你的感觉可以帮助你逃脱情绪的牢笼。memorial adj 纪念的，追掉的， n纪念物，纪念碑拓展： memorial 做形容词时， memorial + n 做名词时，常与介词to连用memory n 记忆，记忆力，存储器memorize v 记住Building a memori

10、al to Columbus has been his lifelong dream. 建一座哥伦布纪念碑一直是他一生的梦想。The museum will serve as a memorial to the millions who passed through Ellis Island. 这个博物馆将成为曾经过埃利斯岛的数百万人的纪念馆。The painting will be a lasting memorial to a remarkable woman. 这幅油画将成为对一位杰出女性的永久纪念。I dont try to memorize speeches word for wor

11、d. 我不会尝试去逐字地背那些演说。He studied his map, trying to memorize the way to Roses street. 他研究了地图，努力记住去罗丝家那条街的路。outstanding adj 杰出的 = standout ，优秀的, 尚未完成的，突出的，很明显的拓展： prominent adj 著名的，杰出的He is unarguably an outstanding man. 毋庸置疑，他是一个出色的人。There are still some outstanding problems. 还有一些突出的问题。We mustnt belittl

12、e her outstanding achievement. 我们不应该轻视她的杰出成就。Were looking for people of all ages who have performed outstanding acts of bravery, kindness, or courage. 我们正在寻找各个年龄的、曾有过无畏、善良或英勇之举的杰出人士。He went on to earn a prominent professorial position. 他接着得到了一个著名的教授职位。The department has many prominent alumni. 这个系出了许

13、多杰出的校友。American families and prominent business leaders are aware that theres a big problem with automation. 美国家庭和杰出的商业领袖都意识到自动化存在一个大问题。uniform n 制服拓展： in uniform 穿着制服school uniform 校服stability n 稳固，稳定拓展： stable adj 稳定的 instability n 不稳定It was a time of political stability and progress. 那是一个政治稳定和进步的

14、时期。Political stability, meanwhile, will be a prime concern. 与此同时，政治稳定将是头等大事。I am confident that we can restore peace, stability, and respect for the rule of law. 我坚信我们能够恢复和平、稳定和对法治的尊重。The question of ecosystem stability is complicated. 生态系统稳定性的问题是复杂的。Mentally, she is not very stable. 她的心理状态不十分稳定。Con

15、ditions were set fair for stable economic development. 形势适合经济稳定发展。 on standby 待命拓展： on and off 断断续续 be on for sth. 准备做某事 “on +名词” 类短语： on holiday 在度假 on strike 在罢工 on sale 出售 on loan 借贷on board 在船 / 飞机上on guard 在执勤 academic adj 学术的拓展： academy n 研究院，学会Their great academic success was paraded as parad

16、igmatic. 他们伟大的学术成就被当作了典范。Jennifer has an impressive academic and business background. 詹妮弗有着了不起的学术和商业背景。I have to plan my academic work very rigidly and set myself clear objectives. 我必须给我的学术工作制订非常严格的计划，并给自己规定明确的目标。The Academy Awards appear to validate his career. 这些奥斯卡金像奖看来证实了他的职业生涯的价值。The academy is

17、 far more inclusive now than it used to be. 该学院如今比过去更为兼收并蓄。The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture. 这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。 emerge v出现，显露，暴露，在困境中摆脱出来拓展： emerge from / out of. 从.中出现emergence n 出现，显现，（困境的）摆脱emergent adj 新出现的 （emergent+名词）emergency n 紧急情况 Further evidence of slowing e

18、conomic growth is likely to emerge this week. 更多有关在减慢的经济增长的证据本周可能出现。The cultural life of the country will sink into atrophy unless more writers and artists emerge. 如果没有更多的作家和艺术家出现，这个国家的文化生活将衰退。What happens when new players emerge? 当新的参与者出现时，会发生什么呢？Emergency generators cut in. 应急发电机启动了。The government

19、 decreed a state of emergency. 政府下令进入紧急状态。The government had to take emergency action. 政府只得采取紧急措施。Which brings me back around to emergent design. 这将我们带回到紧急设计上来。Discovering these patterns is the key to emergent design. 发现这些模式是紧急设计的关键。Software is different because it is an emergent reality. 软件之所以不同是因为

20、它是新生事物。 representative n 代表 adj 典型的，有代表性的拓展： represent v 代表 representation n 代理，代表Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditional dramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. 京剧是中国所有传统戏剧艺术形式中最具代表性的，也是中国最大的戏曲形式。They must admit without equivocation or ambiguity that the o

21、rganization is the sole and only representative of the Palestinian people. 他们必须毫不犹豫地承认该组织是巴勒斯坦人民的唯一代表。Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. 皮尤研究中心对全国范围内具有代表性的1807名父母组成的样本进行了调查，发现课外活动反映了

22、育儿方式的差异。I would think that a lot of customers would be bothered by, if Im shopping, I dont know if Id want some business representative coming up to me and asking me questions. 我想很多客户都会被这个问题困扰，如果我去购物，我不知道我是否想要一些业务代表过来问我问题。A graphical representation of results is shown in figure 1. 图1中显示了结果的图解表示。We a

23、re especially encouraged by the strong representation, this year, of women in information technology disciplines. 我们尤其被今年女性在信息技术学科中的重要表现所鼓舞。When an object is encountered again, it is matched with its internal representation and thereby recognized. 当再次遇到一个对象时，它将与其内部表示相匹配，从而被识别。I have been picked out

24、to represent the whole team. 我被挑选出来代表全队。We represent the last vestige of what made this nation great hard work. 我们代表了曾经使这个国家伟大的仅存的品质勤奋。Voters elected him to represent them, rather than narrow sectional interests. 选民们选举他来代表大众的利益，而不是狭隘的群体利益。 sum n金额，款项 v概括，合计拓展： sum total 全部，总数the sum of .的总和sum up 概括

25、，总结in sum 总而言之It must have cost a tidy sum. 这准花了相当大的一笔钱。What are you doing fooling with such a staggering sum of money? 你拿这么惊人的一大笔钱瞎折腾什么？To sum up , there are three main ways of tackling the problem. 概括起来说，这一问题主要有三种解决办法A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library. 已划拨了一大笔款子给图书

26、馆购买新书。 relevant adj 有关的，切题的拓展： irrelevant adj 无关的relevance n有关，切题与有关： be relevant to . = have relevance to = be related to.与.无关： be not relevant to = have no relevance to = have nothing to do with .He refused to comment before he had seen all the relevant information. 在看到全部相关资料之前，他拒绝评论。He has decide

27、d to prosecute her after careful consideration of all the relevant facts. 他仔细考虑了所有相关事实后，决定起诉她。If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. 如果你现在想到了一个相关且重要的想法，把它写进草稿里。The library houses lots of unpublished documents that are relevant to your topic. 图书馆藏有许多未出版的文件资料，都和你的课题有关。 by the end of “到.为止”Im always broke by the end of the month. 我总是一到月底就没钱花了。By the end of 1930, the silent picture was stone dead. 到1930年底，默片已销声匿迹了。By