2023版高三一轮总复习英语（译林版）教案：第1部分 选择性必修第3册 UNIT 3 Back to the past

1、课标单词背诵(先填后背)第一组1breadth n宽度；广泛2log n航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi.&vt.伐木3proof n证据，证明4route n路线，路途；途径，渠道5depart vi.&vt.离开，起程6leak vi.漏，渗漏；渗入 vt.漏，渗漏；泄露 n漏洞7regardless adv.不顾，不加理会8shore n岸，滨9subsequent adj.随后的，后来的10captain n船长，机长；上校；队长11kingdom n王国；管辖范围12royal adj.盛大的，庄严的；皇家的，王室的13literary adj.文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的14exte

2、nsively adv.广阔地；广泛地15facilitate vt.使便利，促进16available adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的17prison n监狱18minister n大臣，部长19phrase n成语，习语；短语，词组20format n总体安排，设计；版式21shelf n(书架等的)架子，搁板22pack vt.&vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n包，包裹；小盒，23contrary adj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的第二组24aboard prep.&adv.在(车、船、飞机等)上，上(车、船、飞机等)25washroom n洗手间，厕所26unif

3、orm n制服；队服 adj.一致的，统一的27violently adv.猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地28eagle n雕29dive vi.俯冲；跳水；潜水 n冲，扑，俯冲；潜水；跳水30thunder vi.轰隆隆地响；打雷 n雷，雷声31freeze vi.&vt.突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵32meanwhile adv.同时；其间；对比之下33drag vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动34chaos n混乱，杂乱35navy n海军，海军部队36bleed vi.失血，流血37hatch vt.密谋，策划；使孵出 vi.孵化；孵出38plot n阴谋；故事情节 vi.&vt.

4、密谋39sink vi.&vt.下沉，沉没；坐下；降低40pray vi.&vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告41episode n一段经历，片段；一集42reform vt.改进，改良，改革 n改革，改良43output n产量，输出量44cloth n织物，布料45shift n改变，转移；轮班 vi.&vt.(使)移动，46cottage n小屋，村舍 单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说2load vt.& vi.装上，装入n.3acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢4insist vi.& vt.坚决要求，坚

5、持；坚持说5astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊6adopt vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养7dismiss vt.不予考虑，对不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散8panic n惊恐，恐慌 vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked) (使)惊慌，用所给词的适当形式填空1Im firmly convinced(convince) of the significance of honesty，which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society.2Some students compl

6、ain that they are loaded(load) with too much homework.3He once acknowledged(acknowledge) publicly that he might have made a mistake.4Chris insisted(insist) that we went separately to the club.5Lindseys husband was totally astonished(astonish) by the unexpected visit.6As is known to us all，more and m

7、ore technologies are being adopted(adopt) now，which greatly promotes the local economy.7He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss(dismiss) him.8He panicked(panic) and ran five blocks to the local fire station.派生单词语境运用1strong adj.强壮的；坚强的strength n力气，力量；强项strengthen vt.& vi.加强，增强 vi.变强2harmony

8、 n和睦，融洽；和谐harmonious adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的3influence n影响；感化力vt.影响，感化influential adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的4finance n金融；财经financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的5short adj.短的；简短的；短缺的shortage n不足，短缺6except vt.把除外；免除 prep.除外exception n例外exceptional adj.杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的pare vt.& vi.比较，对照comparison n比较；对8.memory n记忆力，记性；回忆memorial

9、n纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物用所给词的适当形式填空1David has a strong body.He has the strength to do this hard work.We had better strengthen the relationship with him.(strong)2If the surroundings are harmonious with nature，the person in the surroundings will be in harmony with nature also.(harmony)3Theyre probably busy doing

10、 the things that made them influential in the first place，not worrying about proving their influence(influence)4Public finance is the financial issues relating to governments.(finance)5The fresh water was running shortAnd there was a shortage of food，too.(short)6The one between Alice Rossi and her d

11、aughter Nina is no exception，but their problems are exceptional(except)7.In comparison，Windows XP powered 43.6 percent of systems，down 12 percentage points compared to May.(compare)8.A few moments ago，Michelle and I had the opportunity to visit the memorial here and to honor the memory of those who

12、were lost.(memory)1(2021浙江1月卷) The temperature was close to freezing. B A严寒的B冰点C凝固的 2(2020全国卷) It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library，where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them. C A承载，装载 B装上，装入 C上车；坐车3(2017全国卷) The US.Fish and Wildlife

13、 Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. A A一群(动物) B包，包裹 C小盒短语理解运用高频短语1on behalf of代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了2regardless of 不管，不顾3allow for 使成为可能；考虑到；把计算在内4sort out 理顺，整理；把安排好5contrary to 与相反6a total of 总数为7dismiss sth. as 把某事当成不予考虑8be remembered as 因而成名(或名留青史)9out of danger 脱离危险10

14、succeed sb. as sth. 接替某人为语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空1At our hotel，services are available to all，regardless of income or social status.2Im writing on behalf of my mother to thank you for your gift.3Has everything been allowed for in your plan?4We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.5Contrary to our

15、 expectations，he was eliminated in the first round.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1不定式作后置定语“It is clear，”he said，“that there is only one way to convince you.We must conduct an experiment.”In my opinion，watching the news on TV is a good way to learn English在我看来，看电视新闻是学习英语的一个好方法。2.how引导宾语从句The records show that th

16、e visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was.Only through such an activity can we know how hard the farmers are and how precious the food is只有通过这样的活动，我们才能知道农民是多么辛苦，食物是多么珍贵。3.动名词短语作主语However，his work proved difficult，because sorting out all the available re

17、sources and checking facts of historical materials required painstaking efforts.Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.在这些条件下工作不是一件愉快的事，而是一件痛苦的事。1convince 课本义vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 增补义vt.使承认；使悔悟(高考原句2020全国卷) He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green，but he has no

18、 doubt about it.(1)convince sb.that.使某人相信convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事(2)be convinced of.确信；相信be convinced that.确信；相信It is convinced that.人们相信His mother has been trying to convince him to see a doctor.他妈妈一直设法说服他去看医生。convince sb.by sound arguments以理服人be convinced of her inno

19、cence确信她是无辜的convince him that he is nothing 使他相信自己并非什么大人物convince the students of the need for wider reading 让学生们认识到广泛阅读的必要性【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错(2019全国卷满分作文)Im a Chinese college student majoring in art and Im studying in London now，so I am convinced(convince) that I can be a devoted volunteer.But we fa

20、iled to convince him of his mistake.I wanted to know what convinced you to voting for him.votingvote【链接写作】句式升级(普通表达) He is convinced of the truth of the report.(高级表达)He is convinced that the report is true(普通表达)He was convinced of its truth，and he felt pleased.(高级表达)Convinced of its truth，he felt pl

21、eased.(过去分词短语作状语)2load 课本义vt.& vi.装上，装入 n负载；承载量；大量增补义n.许多(高考原句2021全国甲卷) Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make，and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment.(1)a load ofloads of大量，许多take a load off ones mind打消某人的顾虑(2)load.with.

22、用装载o/onto.把装到上去load off ones mind去除某人的精神负担Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.得知他们已安全到达，我如释重负。load the truck with coal把煤装到卡车上take a load off my mind打消了我的顾虑load the sacks onto the truck把麻袋装上卡车write a load of/loads of letters to people给人们写了很多信【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错They loaded thems

23、elves with food，medical supplies，and oxygen equipment.Even though I have loads(load) of schoolwork to do，Ill spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.The good news has taken a load in my mind.inoff【链接写作】一句多译工人们正在往卡车上装新鲜的水果和蔬菜。The workers are loading fresh fruit and veg

24、etables into/onto the truck(o/onto.)The workers are loading the truck with fresh fruit and vegetables(load.with.)【名师点津】a load of/loads of后可跟可数或不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与of后名词的数一致。3acknowledge 课本义vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；公开感谢 增补义vt.认可(1)acknowledge sth./that.承认acknowledge sth./sb.to be/as.承认某事/某人是It is generall

25、y/widely/universally acknowledged that.是大家公认的(2)acknowledgement n承认；感谢；收件复函in acknowledgement of为感谢With no solid evidence，he refused to acknowledge stealing/having stolen the ladys purse.没有确凿的证据，他拒绝承认偷了那位女士的钱包。a generally acknowledged fact公认的事实acknowledged that he had done something wrong承认他犯了错ackno

26、wledge him as the best player in the world承认他是世界最佳球员【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错He refuses to acknowledge (acknowledge) the need for reform.Red and white roses are acknowledged to be (be) the flowers of Fathers Day.She is acknowledged one of the best typists in our company.one前加as【链接写作】句型转换They acknowledged de

27、feat.They acknowledged that they had been defeatedHe is universally acknowledged as the best writer in China.Its universally acknowledged that he is the best writer in China.I was sent a free copy to acknowledge my contribution.I was sent a free copy in acknowledgement of my contribution.【名师点津】ackno

28、wledge表示“承认做了某事”，其后可接名词，也可接that从句。4insist 课本义vi.& vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 增补义vi.& vt.坚决主张；坚决认为insist on (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事insist that.坚持认为，坚决要求My family insisted that I should not give in，but stay and fight.我家人坚持主张我不应该屈服，而应该留下来斗争。insist (that) he is innocent坚持认为他无罪insist on a definite answer坚决要求一个肯定的答复insis

29、t on speaking to you personally坚持要和你本人谈【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错The man insisted on finding(find) a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.The doctor insisted that she is seriously ill and that she be operated on immediately.iswas【链接写作】句式升级(普通表达)He insisted on making an apology to his teacher for

30、 his rudeness.(高级表达)He insisted that he (should) make an apology to his teacher for his rudeness.(宾语从句)【名师点津】(1)下列动词后的宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should) do”：一坚持(insist)，二命令(order，command)，三建议(advise，suggest，propose)，四要求(demand，require，request，ask)，外加一个敦促(urge)。(2)insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气；表示“坚决主张，坚持要求”时，其后的宾

31、语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should) do”。5astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊(高考原句2020全国卷)Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?(1)It astonishes sb.that.令某人感到吃惊的是What astonishes sb.is.使某人吃惊的是(2)astonished adj.吃惊的(多修饰人)be astonished at/by.对感到惊讶be astonished to do sth.做某事感到惊讶be astonished that.对感到惊讶(3)astonishing

32、adj.令人吃惊的(多修饰物)(4)astonishment n惊讶，吃惊to ones astonishment让某人感到惊讶的是in astonishment惊讶地He was astonished to learn that hed won the competition，which is also astonishing news to us.听说他比赛赢了，他感到很吃惊。对我们而言，这也是个令人吃惊的消息。astonish us使我们吃惊at an astonishing speed以令人吃惊的速度to my great astonishment使我十分惊讶的是look astoni

33、shed at my news听到我的消息看起来很吃惊【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错We were astonished to find(find) the temple still in its original condition.It astonished me that she didnt care about my feelings.The audience was inexpressibly astonishing at the brilliant performance.astonishingastonished【链接写作】一句多译使我惊讶的是他取得了这样快的进步。What

34、astonished me was that/It astonished me that he made such rapid progress.(astonish)To my astonishment，he made such rapid progress.(astonishment)I was astonished that he made such rapid progress.(astonished)6adopt 课本义vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养增补义vt.正式接受，通过(高考原句2021浙江1月卷)There，he was adopted by an Au

35、stralian family and flown to Tasmania.be adopted by被收养be adopted from选自，取自adopt ones advice/suggestion/plan/idea 采纳某人的建议/计划/想法After going to France he soon adopted the French way of life.他去法国后，很快就接受了法国的生活方式。adopt a child收养一个孩子adopt a positive attitude 采取积极的态度adopt the newest modern technology采用现代的最新

36、技术【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错The name Rangers was adopted from an English rugby club.Pauls mother had him adopt because she couldnt look after him herself.adoptadopted【链接写作】完成句子艺术运动指的是一些艺术家共同采纳的一种绘画风格。Art movement means a style of painting (that is) adopted by a group of artists【名师点津】adopt与adapt词形相近，但意思不同，ada

37、pt 意为“适应；改编，改写”。7regardless of 课本义不管，不顾 增补义不惜；不考虑(侧重指不计后果和代价)(高考原句2019全国卷).whether they should be given access to the computer its connected to regardless of whether someone gets the password right.(1)regardless of强调“不认为重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether，what引导的从句。(2)despite/in spite of意为“尽管但是”，其后一般不接从句。as

38、regards/with regard to 关于；至于Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background.我们的俱乐部对任何人都开放，不管年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of danger不顾危险regardless of the weather无论天气好坏in spite of the rain尽管下雨【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错Our goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willin

39、g and capable regardless of his financial situation.In spite the high mountains and thick forests，the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue.spite后加of【链接写作】完成句子除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。In addition，the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，rega

40、rdless of time and space8“It is clear，”he said，“that there is only one way to convince you.We must conduct an experiment.”他说：“显然，只有一种方法可以令你们信服。我们必须做个实验。”动词不定式作后置定语的几种情况：(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the only，the last，the right时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式作后置定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：ability，chance，opportunity，am

41、bition，attempt，offer，way以及time，place等。(3)动词不定式作后置定语表示将要发生的动作。【金句推送】(2019江苏卷) Despite their many differences，all human beings share several defining characteristics，such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.尽管他们有很多不同之处，但所有人都有一些共同的特征，比如脑容量大，能用两条腿直立行走。【基础练习】单句语法填空/单句改错He is alway

42、s the first to bear (bear) hardships and the last to enjoy (enjoy) comforts.In addition，they will strengthen their ability to accept (accept) new and exciting mathematical challenges.He was grateful for a chance to relaxing at the weekend.relaxingrelax【链接写作】一句多译艾米是唯一目击这起车祸的人。Amy was the only person

43、that witnessed the car accident(定语从句)Amy was the only person to witness the car accident(不定式)夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空1There is now convincing(convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.2Loaded(load) with heavy goods，the truck ran very slowly.3It is acknowledged (acknowledge) that the shortest di

44、stance between persons is a sincere smile.4He also insisted that they (should) leave(leave) enough space for children.5When the man came in，gun in hand，we all stood there，astonished(astonish).改正句中的错误1The public never had faith in his ability to handling the job.handlinghandle2Around here apple trees

45、 began to be planting extensively in 1953.plantingplanted3Her previous experiences makes her ideal for the job.experiencesexperience或makesmake4He was a wonderful father to both his natural and adopting children.adoptingadopted5These are just some of the proof that we could do for the ofpr

46、oofs.在空白处填入一个适当的词1You need to convince the interviewers of your ability to do the job well.2A small boat loaded with fish slowly drew near，and stopped beside the bridge.3A true apology is more than just an acknowledgement of a mistake.4I insist on our listening to them because they love us most.5Muc

47、h to my astonishment，she still remembered my name!6And a rejected baby black bear has been adopted by a dog.7With regard to reading，there is a saying that reading makes a wise man.8I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the

48、 greatest astronauts in the world.查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空1He rose up sighing and departed(depart) in the darkness.2Luxury hotels are equipped with a team to facilitate(facilitate) the passengers out.3Many new words and phrases(phrase) have been included in the revised edition.4I helped him put up some

49、shelves(shelf) in his bedroom.5Take care not to crumple your dress by packing(pack) it carelessly.6Her heart beat violently(violent) when she received the letter.7They dived(dive) from the bridge and rescued the drowning woman.8It was bitterly cold now and the ground was frozen(freeze) hard.9It all

50、happened years ago.Theres no point dragging(drag) it up now.10The twin brothers bled(bleed) for their country and died without any regrets.在空白处填入一个适当的词1Out of a total of 2，602 pupils only 922 passed the test.2Others are dismissed as nothing more than entertainment.3He is best remembered as the man w

51、ho brought jazz to England.4We were relieved to hear that she was out of danger.5When Hadad died，Samlah from Masrekah succeeded him as king.6The authority must make suitable accommodation available to the family.7The money could open up music to more children.8Our school lies where there used to be

52、a church.强技提能语言运用.课文缩写语法填空On behalf 1of the Yongle Emperor，Zheng He set sail on his first voyage in 1405 with a fleet of over 200 ships 2.and almost 28，000 people on board.In total，he made seven 3.voyages(voyage) between 1405 and 1433.He visited more than 30 countries and regions，and even 4.sailed(sail) as far