新视野大学英语第一册第五单元

1、新视野大学英语第一册教案教师姓名：教研室：课程名称授课内容6 periods教学目的 1. To grasp the main idea of the text2. To develop reading reading for major details.3. To master the key language points and grammatical structures4. To be familiar with the problem-solution patternBe infected with; in place of; suffer from; hand out; rega

2、rdless of;Guard against; wipe out; distract sb. From; sign up for;被动语态 非限定性定语从句1. Lead-in Activities2. Vocabulary Enrichment3. Text structure Analysis1. Reading Skill: Reading for Major Details2. Grammar: the Attributive Clause.3. Guided Writing教学方法 主要采用任务型教学法：让学生在课前了解一些关于艾滋病的蔓延以及预防的知识，可以采用课堂讨论方式加强语

3、言技能的训练。辅助手段笔记本电脑， MP3Lecture NotesPeriods 1-2 (90mins)Section A The Battle Against AIDSI Lead-in Activities (30mins)1. Background Information1）AIDS & HIV: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, is a disease whichdestroys the natural method the body uses to protect against other diseases. It is adiseas

4、e caused by the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), but AIDS is differentfrom HIV in that the former usually causes death while HIV may lead to AIDS. HIVis spread in three ways :(1) contact with infected blood; (2) sex; (3)mother to child.AIDS usually develops in four stages: In the first stage, the

5、re is only infection by HIVand antibody (抗体) production; (2) In the second stage, the lymph nodes ( 淋巴结)肿大); (3) In the third stage, an infected person may begin to have suchsigns(症状) as tiredness, fever and night sweats; (4) In the last stage, AIDS isdiagnosed when a person develops certain uncommo

6、n, life-threatening illness.2)the federal governmentThe federal government in the United States is a national republic whose membersare elected to hold office for a limited period of time by citizens over 18 years of age.This republic has an elected president who is head of the nation as well as hea

7、d ofthe federal or national government.3)a state governmentA state government is the political structure that includes an area of land, citizens,and an elected governing body with the right to control and change all powers withinthe state that are not given by constitution to the federal government.

8、 Fifty stategovernments exist in the United States.2. Questions for discussion II Vocabulary Enrichment (50mins)1. acquire: vt. 1) 获得；取得She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.她认真学习而精通英语。Some people go back for their education to acquire another degree or diploma toimpress the socie

9、ty.有些人回到学校去接受教育,是想再取得一个学位或一张文凭 ,以增强自己在社会上的地位。acquire: vt. 拥有；得到Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born.抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好,并不是生来就有的词 语 辨 析acquire, obtain, gain, Get,acquire 表示通过努力或积累而获得才智、经验、能力、荣誉、财富，强调的是通过逐步的、持续的、缓慢的过程来获得某物，已经获得就永久保持。obtain 为正式用语多指凭努力或恳求得到或找出某物，强调愿望

10、得以实现。gain 为正式用语，指通过努力或拼搏得到利益或有价值的东西。get 为口头用词，含义丰富，指通过某种手段或方法拥有某种东西，既可以指积极努力地去获得，也可指被动的得到，后可接双宾语。2. immune: a. 1) （常 against, from, to 与连用）免疫的；免受伤害immune from taxationbe immune to all pleastaxes免税不容申辩immune: a. 2) （常与 from, to 连用）被豁免的The criminal was told he would be immune from punishment if he hel

11、ped the police.罪犯被告知说,如果他协助警方,就可以免受惩罚。immune from criminal 免于刑事诉讼3. infect: vt. 传染；使感染One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon infected other children.班上的一个孩子发烧了，不久他就传染上了其他孩子。If your eyes are infected, you must go to an oculist.如果你的眼睛受到感染,就要去看眼科医生。infect: vt. 感染；影响Marys high spirits infe

12、cted all the girls in the class.玛丽振奋的精神感染了班上所有的女孩子。he infected the whole class with her laughter. 她的笑声感染了全班同学。4. constitute: vt. 1构成：构成部分或成分；组成Correct grammar and sentence structure do not in themselves constitute goodwriting.正确的语法和句子结构本身并不能构成一篇好文章7 days constitute a week七天构成一星期constitute: vt. 制定；建立

13、；设立；任命The new government constituted new traffic regulations新政府制定出了新的交通规则。The mayor constituted Mr. Bush as the chairman of the parliament.市长任命布什先生为议会的主席。5. alarm: n. 惊慌；警报raise the alarm发出警报They heard the fire alarm.他们听到了火警警报。alarm: vt. 使惊慌，使恐慌My mother was alarmed when I fell over. 当我跌倒的时候，我妈妈很惊慌。

14、We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我们大为惊慌。词 语 辨 析 Alarm, fear, dread三个词均为名词，作害怕，恐惧”alarm 指由于危险的突然出现而产生的惊慌失措或恐惧。The explosion caused the alarm. 那次爆炸引起了恐慌。fear 比较广义。 The knight felt no fears in the battle. 那武士在战斗中毫不畏惧。dread 指由于预知某一不愉快的事情或令人害怕的事情而产生的恐惧。例如：He has a dread of losing his

15、job. 他害怕丢掉工作。6. represent: vt. 表现；描写；描画；代表；象征This painting represents a storm.这幅画描绘暴风雨。We chose a committee to represent us.我们选出一个委员会来代表我们。The bald eagle represents the United States. 秃鹰象征了美国7. infect with: 传染, 感染Your chances of being infected with SARS will increase if you fail to guard againstsome

16、 risk factors.8. suffer from: 忍受, 遭受The child suffers from measlesHer schoolwork suffered from all her social activities9. keep sth. around: 放在周围It is advisable for you to keep some specific medicines around so as to meet yoururgent needs. 你最好备一些特效药物,以便应急。10. wipe out : 消灭, 垮台；毁灭The common lotion wi

17、pe out the mark.Bloody conflicts between the two countries arose from the old scores both sidesfailed to wipe out.两国间的流血冲突起因于双方抹不掉的宿怨。11. distract from:The noise in the street distracted me from my reading.My attentions are distracted from my study.III. Text structure Analysis (10mins)Introduction (

18、paras.17)The South Carolina AIDS Education Network has developed several techniquesuseful to battle against AIDS since the discovery of AIDS.Combat Approaches (paras. 813)1. Speak to your community in a way they can hear.2.Train teenagers to educate their peers.3. Redefine “at risk” to include women

19、 from different backgrounds and marriagestatus.Conclusion (para.14):Everyone must become an educator and learn to live.Periods 3-4 (90mins)I Language points (45mins) 患 a 他 。 a a ) , , a a a a / : a . , / / +) .II Text Discourse (30mins) I )A a a . ) ) a ) a a a 8h a a a ) III Memory (15mins)1. To re

20、ach more people in the community, some AIDS educational programs operateout of a beauty shop.为接触更多的社区居民，有些艾滋病教育计划放在美发店实施。2. They also play a vital role in helping parents understand the types of per pressuretheir children experience.他们在帮助父母亲理解孩子们所经受的各种来自于同龄人的压力方面也起着重要作用。3. We simply cannot let peopl

21、e continue to die because we dont feel comfortabletalking about AIDS.命。Periods 5-6 (90mins)I Reading Skill- Reading for Major Details (45mins)IntroductionFor this unit as you find in your students book, we focus on the major details ofparagraphs.From the students book we learn that when we are readi

22、ng a paragraph, weshould first try to identify and then try to separate the major detail from the small orless important details.Here are some ways to help you locate the major detail.1. Learn to read for the main idea. If you identify the main idea easily, the factsto support that idea will stand o

23、ut.2. Know that all facts and details are not equal in importance. Look only for thefacts that relate to the main idea.Here are some examples:Example 1The owner hands out AIDS information to all her clients when they enter the shop andshows videos on AIDS prevention while they wait for their hair to

24、 dry. She also keepsbooks and other publications around so customers can read them while waiting fortheir appointments. Its amazing how many people she has educated on the job. (Para.5, Passage A)Explanation:Main Idea: The shop owner joined in the AIDS educational programs.Major Detail: The owner ha

25、nds out AIDS information to all her clients.Example 2Like many other hunters, the Kung has been described as a leisured and even an“affluent” society. They do not have or need many material possessions and in manycases the search for food is neither exhausting nor time-consuming. Oneanthropologist h

26、as reckoned their average work day as six hours and that adults spendabout two and a half days or between 12 and 19 hours a week in food-getting. Menmay hunt for a period and then rest for several weeks; women gather enough food forthree days at a time, and may then visit neighboring camps or entert

27、ain, as the men dotheir leisure-time.Explanation:Main Idea: The Kung has been regarded as a leisured and even “affluent”society.Major Detail: They do not have or need many material possessions and thesearch for food is neither exhausting nor time-consuming.Example 3In the spring of 1983, a committee

28、 at the Medard H. Nelson Elementary School inNew Orleans decided it was time to take the mystique( 神秘性) out of computers fortheir 621 students. They ordered six Apple II computers and set up computer classesfor teachers, parents and students. Almost everyone was enthusiastic about the results;a few

29、students became so interested that they formed a computer club. The principalis very pleased with this experiment and plans to buy more equipment as soon asfunds become available.Explanation:Main Idea: The elementary school has equipped the childrens education withcomputers.Major Detail: They ordere

30、d six Apple II computers and set up computer classesfor teachers, parents and students.Example 4In the last five years, the number of studies on infant cognition has tripled. The menand the women who attended the conference were asked to assess(评估)what has beenlearned, and to develop some guidelines

31、(指导)for future research. But the more theytalked, the further apart the brain scientists seemed from the psychologists, the visionspecialists from the linguists. While each group had made progress in its own area,they were far from reaching any common ground, and further yet from findinganswers to s

32、uch a basic question as: How are babies affected by experience?ExplanationMain Idea: Scientists in different areas were still far away from reaching anycommon ground in spite that more work had been done on the subject of infantcognition.Major Detail: They even failed to find answers to such a basic

33、 question as: Howare babies affected by experience?Example 5Culture itself must be transmitted, and the most effective way is through the family.Parents teach their children the ideas and traditions they obtained from their ownparents. For this reason the family became increasingly important; the pr

34、acticalapplications of cultural traditions, such as hunting for food, rearing children andtending the sick, may have been the obvious methods to use when more than onefamily came together in a joint activity.ExplanationMain Idea: Parents play a vital role in cultural transmission.Major Detail: Paren

35、ts teach their children the ideas and traditions they obtainedfrom their own parents.Example 6Montagner has developed a system for observing and classifying the gesture languageof children. He has also tracked down some of its origins. In addition, his long-termobservations of children have given hi

36、m a sense of the normal and abnormaldevelopmental timetable for the emergence of specific types of gestures and bodylanguage. By now he can calculate how many of a young childs gestues belongcertain categories of behavior and can then derive a series of significant ratios.ExplanationMain Idea: Monta

37、gner has contributed a lot to the study of the gesturelanguage of children.Major Detail: Montagner has developed a system for observing and classifyingthe gesture language of children.II Grammar (15mins)定语从句 (attributive clause) 非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句由 as, which as 和 which可代整个主句，相当于andthis 或 and that。As 一

38、般放在句首，which在句中。1) As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.2) The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.关系代词 that / which 修饰物时可以互换，但在下列情况中有区别All that glitters is not gold.闪光的东西不都是金子。It was the largest map that I ever saw.那是我所看见过的最大的地图。Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginnin