保过班二期阅读讲义答案

1、保过班二期阅读强化训练十篇编写：Text11-5Text41-5Text81-5Text21-5Text51-5Text91-5Text31-5Text61-5Text101-5Text71-5详It used to be 保过班二期阅读强化训练十篇编写：Text11-5Text41-5Text81-5Text21-5Text51-5Text91-5Text31-5Text61-5Text101-5Text71-5详It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working he would submit the result

2、s of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove authors namesand affiliations from the r and send it to their peers for review. on the comments received, the editor would accept the r for publication or decline Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking

3、 knowledge of the wouldhavetosubscribetotheNo longer. ernet and re from funding agencies, who are questioning l publishers are making money ernment-funded research by s to it is making s to scientific results a reality. anization for Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just ed a report describin

4、g the far-of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, handsome profits. But it goes akeyelementofscientificnt. It signals a change in s, until now, Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepubli

5、cinvestment inresearchdepends,inupon wide distribution and ready publishing market is estimated at s. It is big business. In America, the core n $7 billion and $11 billion. tionof Scientific, Technicaland Medical Publishers tthere are n publishersworldwidehese subjects.Theypublishn1.2millioneachyear

6、insome16,000Thisis now changing. According tothe OECD report, some 75%of scholarly journals nowonline.Entirelynew businesssareemerging;three mainoneswere identified by reports authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for ssto a collection of online journal titles

7、 through icensing agreements. There is open-publishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforther to published. Finally, there are open-s archives, 1 / ch as universities ernationalpportinstitutionalitories.Otherstare of these three, such as delayed open-s, where journals allow o

8、nly subscribers to read r for six months, before making it freely available to ho wishes to it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review publicationofparagraph,ernationalpportinstitutionalitories.Otherstare of these three, such as delayed open-s, where journals allow only subscr

9、ibers to read r for six months, before making it freely available to ho wishes to it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review publicationofparagraph,theauthor discusses therelationsofauthorswithjournalDthetraditionalsofjournalWhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDIternment-fundedBa

10、neffectivemeansofItupsetsprofit-makingjournalItbenefitsscientificresearch3.Accordingtothetext,onlinepublicationishat A itprovidesaneasierstoscientificB itbringshugeprofitstoscientificC itemphasizesthelroleofscientificD itespublicinvestmentinscientific4.Withtheopen-spublishing,theauthorofarisrequired

11、tocoverthecostofitssubscribetothejournalpublishingallowotheronlinejournalstouseitcompletethepeer-reviewbefore.5.WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaoftheAernetingathreattoBAnewmodeofpublicationisCethenewchannelforD Publicationisrenderedeasierby全文翻译：们获知科学研究成果的权利称为现实。经济合作与发展组织(OECD)刚刚一份报2 / Gr

12、ahamVickery ， 120。 限限模式，典型的是让作者（或其他雇主）篇行审题paragraph,theauthor选Athebackgroundinformationofjournalediting. B.thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryCtherelationsofGrahamVickery ， 120。 限限模式，典型的是让作者（或其他雇主）篇行审题paragraph,theauthor选Athebackgroundinformationofjournalediting. B.thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryCth

13、erelationsofauthorswithjournalpublishers. D.thetraditionalsofjournalpublication. 概括，但是主语“It”不明确，指代后面所有语句内容。句子叙述到 It used to be straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the aut

14、hors and affiliations from the r and send it to their peers for review. Depending on comments received, the editor would accept the r for publication or decline it. rested with the journal publisher,and researchersseeking knowledge of the results would to subscribe to the journal. 果的研究者则必须订阅期刊。不难发现，

15、上文语句是叙述了书交阅D. the traditional s of publication. WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECD选 AIternment-fundedB.aneffectivemeansofC.Itupsetsprofit-makingjournal3 / D.Itbenefitsscientificresearch该题目作为细节题，要用定位词在文章中定位。利用定位词“OECDreport”定位The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham

16、 Vichery of OECD, makes heavyreadingfor publisherwho have, so far, made handsomeprofit.But it goes nt 休斯顿和OECD的Vichery利润解。A. It ernment-funded B.effective means of C. It upsets profit-making D.Itbenefitsscientificresearch该题目作为细节题，要用定位词在文章中定位。利用定位词“OECDreport”定位The report, by John Houghton of Victori

17、a University in Australia and Graham Vichery of OECD, makes heavyreadingfor publisherwho have, so far, made handsomeprofit.But it goes nt 休斯顿和OECD的Vichery利润解。A. It ernment-funded B.effective means of C. It upsets profit-making 利的D.Itbenefitsscientificresearch安。C. It upsets profit-making journal publ

18、ishers.Accordingtothetextonlinepublicationis选 AitprovidesaneasierstoscientificB.itbringshugeprofitstoscientificC.itemphasizesthelroleofscientificD.itespublicinvestmentinscientific “There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for sto a collection of online journal titles thro

19、ugh icensing agreement.”A.itprovidesans to scientific ，机构用户可以接近（查询B.itbrings huge profits to scientific ，机构用户可以接近（查询C. it emphasizes the l role of scientific ，机构用户可以接近（查询4 / D.itesinvestment in scientific ，机构用户可以接近（查询Aitaneasierstoscientific细节题Withtheopen-spublishing,theauthorofarifrequired选Acoverth

20、ecostofitspublication.Bsubscribetothejournalpublishingit. Callowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely. D.completethepeer-reviewbefore. Thereisopen-spublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskinginvestment in scientific ，机构用户可以接近（查询Aitaneasierstoscientific细节题Withtheopen-spublishing,theauthorofarifrequired选Acoverth

21、ecostofitspublication.Bsubscribetothejournalpublishingit. Callowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely. D.completethepeer-reviewbefore. Thereisopen-spublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingthehisemployer)topayforther to be published.”有公开阅物，一般是要求作者者其雇主为的材料来付钱。选Acoverthecostofitspublication.B. subscribe to the

22、 journal publishing it. 同意期Callowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely. D.completepeer-reviewbefore. 版费用。A. cover the cost of its publication.支付出Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthe选A.ernet ingathreattopublishers.BAnewmodalofpublicationisemerging.C.ethenewchannelforpublication.。D.Publication

23、isrenderedeasierbyIt used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor then remove the authors names and affiliations from the r and send it to their peers review.Dependingonthecommentsreceiv

24、ed,theeditorwouldacceptthe r for or decline it.语，编辑将ernet-and 或退稿。第二段确定段落内容方向的语句是 No longer, refromfundingagencies,whoare questioningwhylare making money ernment-funded research by restricting s to it- is stoscientificresultsareality.5 / The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment

25、 in depends,in part, upon wide distribution and ready 部分依赖与期刊的广泛人们随时可以看段确定段落内容方向的语句is now changing. According to the OECD report, some The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in depends,in part, upon wide distribution and ready 部分依赖与期刊的广泛人们随时可以看段确定段落内容方向的语句is now changing. Acc

26、ording to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are 查阅。不难发现，这篇文章围绕程序的发展变化历程展开的。因此，正确为BAnewmodalofpublicationisemerging.心原则效果最为明显。中心原则表述到：文章首段要准确确句；其他落段落中间句前有转折词，看转折词所在句，无转折词直接看段首句。In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the Basketballtion (NBA) listed at over s

27、even feet. If he layed last season, al sports have he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major dramatically overtheyears,andmanagershavebeen tofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longernwilling toadjustteam The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans generall

28、y stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller n 140 years todays people lly those born to s who have lived in the U.S. for generationsapparentlyreachedtheirheearly 1960s.Andtheyarentlikelytogettaller.eralpopulation today, at this genetic,environmentallevel, weve pretty gone as far as w

29、e can go,” says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.Growth, which rarely continues of 20, demands calories and nutrients

30、 notably,proteintofeedexpandinges.Atthestartofthe20thcentury,under-nutritionchildhood infections he way. But as diet and health improved, children and have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to th

31、e Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height 59for men, 54 for women hasnt really changed since 1960.Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth . Moreover, though humans have been

32、 upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to ture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain ed by oversize “There are some real t are set by the genetic architecture of the anism,”saysanthropologistWilliamLeonardofNorthwesternums can change, but dont expect this to happen soon. Cl

33、aire C. 6 / senior the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., t 90 percent the uniforms and ions fit recruits without alteration. She t, unlike those basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. senior the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., t 90 percent the uniforms

34、 and ions fit recruits without alteration. She t, unlike those basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need predicthumanhenearfuturetodesignapieceofequipment,Gordontbylarge,“youcouldusetodaysdataandfeelfairly1.WiltChamberlainiscitedasanle toAillustrateth

35、echangeofheightofNBABshowthepopularityofNBAhe D assesstheachievementsWhichofthefollowingplaysakeyrole inbodyGeneticNaturalLivingDailyccordingtotheOnwhichofthefollowingementswouldtheauthormostprobablyNon-AmericansaddtotheaverageheightoftheB HumanheightisconditionedbytheAmericansarethetallestLargerbab

36、iestend4.Welearnfromthelastheetallerinthenearthegarmentindustrywillreconsidertheuniformthedesignofmilitaryuniformswillremaingenetictestingwillbeemployedinselectingtheexistingdataofhumanheightwillstillbe5.The endslt A thechangeofhumanheightfollowsacyclicB humanheightingevenmoreCAmericanshavereachedth

37、eirgeneticgrowthD全文翻译：eticpatternofAmericanshas7 / ，59然很费力，也难以承受巨大肢体所带来持续重压。学的人类学家 William LeonardClaireC.Gordon，90%问：结构题WiltChamberlain，59然很费力，也难以承受巨大肢体所带来持续重压。学的人类学家 William LeonardClaireC.Gordon，90%问：结构题WiltChamberlainiscitedasanle选A.illustratethechangeofheightofNBAhe B.showthepopularityofNBAC.co

38、mparedifferentgenerationsofNBAD.assesstheachievementsmousNBAChamberlain heearly1960s,WiltChamberlain wasonethe only three heNationalBasketballtion(NBA) listedatoversevenfeet.helayedlastseason,howeverhewouldhavebeenoneof42. al sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been n

39、willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.这些年来那些主要从事主要职业的球赛的球员的身材发生了巨大的变化经理们十分愿意调整队员以适应不断增多的越来越高大的身躯。显然，Chamberlain 的例子是为了表达A.illustrate the change ofheight of NBAhe U.S. 联，体现“同意替换”的关系；选 BshowthepopularityofNBAplayers. 表明NBA8 / C. compare different generatio

40、ns of NBA NBA. o A. illustrate the change of height of NBA heU.S. 阐述NBAC. compare different generations of NBA NBA. o A. illustrate the change of height of NBA heU.S. 阐述NBA员身高的变化。showexplain,proveillustratedemonstratejustify等标志词。提问的方式言完整、形式间接、观点明确的论点句，并利用已经验证的论点句与选 比较做出准确判断。如果上下相邻的句子不是论点句，那么，前或后相邻段落

41、的 句便是相关信息Whichofthefollowingplaysakeyroleinbodyccordingtothe选A.Genetic Naturalenvironment Livingstandards Dailyexercise Growth, whichrarelycontinuesbeyondof20,demands caloriesandnutrients-notably,protein-tofeedexpandinges. 超过 20 岁之后，很少会继续长高。长高需要卡路里和营养素-特别是蛋白质-来滋养不断扩张的组织。不难发现，人类身高增加的原因是涉入卡路里和营养。因此，正确

42、CLivingstandards ementswouldtheauthormostprobablyA.Non-Americansaddtotheaverageheightofthe选非B.HumanheightisconditionedbytheC.AmericansarethetallestheD.Largerbabiestendetallerin9 / ums can change, but expect this to happen soon.遗传的极限可以突破，但是不要期待很快发生。不难发现，这Moreover, even though humans have been upright

43、 for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle withtureandcannoteasilywithstandrepeatedstrainedbyoversizelimbs.而且管人类已经直立行走了几百万年ums can change, but expect this to happen soon.遗传的极限可以突破，但是不要期待很快发生。不难发现，这Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and

44、back continue to struggle withtureandcannoteasilywithstandrepeatedstrainedbyoversizelimbs.而且管人类已经直立行走了几百万年，但为了保持这种站立，的双脚仍然很费力，也难以承受巨大肢体所带来的持续重压。选A.Non-Americansaddtotheaverageheightthenation. 的，B. heightisconditionedby the ture. ，C. Americans are the tallest heworld. 界D. Larger babies tend e ，BHuman

45、heightisconditionedbythe势决定的ture. 人类身高由于直立行走的姿推断题Welearnfromthelastthenear选 AthegarmentindustrywillreconsidertheuniformB.thedesignofmilitaryuniformswillremain的C.generictestingwillbeemployedinselectingD.theexistingdataofhumanheightwillstillbe canchange, but dontexpectthis tohappensoon. Claire C, Gorb

46、on, seniorArmy Research Center in Natick Mass., t 90 percent of the uniforms ions fit recruits without alternation. She t, unlike those for basketball, length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict he near future to design a piece of equipment Gordon 10/ t by

47、and large, couldusetodaysdataandfeelfairlyconfident.”senior ums can change, but dont expect this to happen soon. Claire C, the Army Research Center in Natick Mass., t 90 percent theuniformsand youcould use todays data couldusetodaysdataandfeelfairlyconfident.”senior ums can change, but dont expect t

48、his to happen soon. Claire C, the Army Research Center in Natick Mass., t 90 percent theuniformsand youcould use todays data and feel fairly confident.现在的数据。而且引语语句语言完整，形式简洁，观点明确，确定是garmentindustrywillreconsidertheuniformsize. 句。选A. 的尺寸”；B. the design of military uniforms will 的据”没有任何关联，相关信息句中没有涉test

49、ing will be employed in selecting 设计将保持不C. D. the existing data of human height will still applicable. D. the existing data of human height will still applicable.人类身高现存的数据仍然适用。Theendsl选 AthechangeofhumanheightfollowsacyclicB.humanheightingevenmoreC.AmericanshavereachedtheirgeneticgrowthD. eticpatter

50、nofAmericanshasheearly 1960s,WiltChamberlain was one of the onlythreeNationalBasketballChamberlain 是NBA球员中身高超过7英尺的三个球员之一。第二段确定段落内容方向的语句是 The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized Americans have generally stopped growing.But as diet and improved,children and adolescents have, age,

51、 increased in height by about an inch a halfevery20 yearsapattern knownasthe seculartrendin height.但是当饮食和健康状况提长的一个长期趋势。第四段确定段落内容方向的语句是 Genetically speaking, there are 11/定段落内容方向的语句是 ums can change, but dont expect this to soon.遗传的极限可以突破，但是不要期待很快发生。不难发现人的身高已经达到一定的增长极限。因此，正人已经达到了生长极限。C. Americans have

52、 reached their genetic growth tknowshisownchild,buttodaya mancan定段落内容方向的语句是 ums can change, but dont expect this to soon.遗传的极限可以突破，但是不要期待很快发生。不难发现人的身高已经达到一定的增长极限。因此，正人已经达到了生长极限。C. Americans have reached their genetic growth tknowshisownchild,buttodaya mancanboosthispaternalItisawisewisdom east t hes

53、 the kids dad. All he needs s our $30 paternitytestingkit(PTK)athislocaldrugstore andanother$120togetthen 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since e without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of which makes the over-the-counter kits. n two dozen companies sel

54、l DNA Directlytothepublic ,ranginginpricefromadreddollarston Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use find their biological relatives andscan use to track down kids put up for testing is also the latest rage a many tosearchforafamilysgeographicrootsate g

55、enealogists-and supports t Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to companyfortesting.AlltestsrequireapotentialcandidatewithwhomtocompareBut someobserversareskeptical,“Thereisa kind lsebeing hawked byclaimingtheyng trytesting,”saysTreyDuster,aNewYorkUniver

56、sityHe t each individual has many tors-numbering in dreds just a centuries back. Yet most try testing only considers a single lineage, either the chromosome inherited through men in a fathers line or mitochondrial DNA, down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or

57、 tors, even though, for le, just three generations back people also have six great-grandparentsor,fourgenerationsback,14othergreat-great-Criticsalso t l genetic testing is onlyas goodasthereference to whicha le iscompared.Databasesusedby somecompaniesdontrelyonsystematically but rather lump together

58、 information from different research projects. ta DNAdatabase may differ depending onthetsesthe results.addition, the rogramsacompany uses toestimaterelationships may bepatentednotsubjecttopeerrevieworoutside1.Inparagraphs1and2,thetextshowsPTKsAeasyBflexibilityinDpopularitywithPTK isusedtolocateones

59、birth Dchoosechildrenfor12/ 3.SkepticalobserversttrytestingfailsBrebuildAtracedistantCfullyusegenetichelastparagraph,aproblemDachievetheclaimedlgenetictestingis Aanizedle3.SkepticalobserversttrytestingfailsBrebuildAtracedistantCfullyusegenetichelastparagraph,aproblemDachievetheclaimedlgenetictesting

60、is AanizedlesiveDlackof patentAnappropriatetitleforthetextismostlikelytoForsandAgainstsofDNADNAtestingandItsDNAtestingoutsidethesbehindDNA200811 14 Answer May Be at the Drugstore.（WhosYourDaddy? 全文翻译：系鉴定包（PTK）- 就 营官达格佛格说，自从去年不需要处方即购可买之后，己经超过6万了 PTK 鉴定最近也 多的祖先-DNADNA 只能显示约一到两个祖先 13/ ：All he needs s o