中考英语语法之主谓一致课件

1、主谓一致Agreement of subject and predicate主谓一致Agreement of subject and p主谓一致主谓一致指”人称”和 ”数”方面的一致关系 可分为: 1.语法一致 2.意义一致 3.就近原则Agreement of subject and predicate主谓一致主谓一致指”人称”和 ”数”方面的一致关系 可分为:语法一致原则：主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 汤姆是个好动的学生，他经常踢足球。 _. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 _.语法一致Tom is an active student. He often

2、 plays football.They often play football on the playground.语法一致原则：汤姆是个好动的学生，他经常踢足球。 语法一致T1. 有些词为复数形式, 含义为单数,谓语用单数人称。例: news, maths, the United States , physics ,the United Nations, politicsThe United States _ a big country.No news_ good news.Politics _ very easy to learn too.isisis语法一致注意点1. 有些词为复数形式

3、, 含义为单数,谓语用单数人称。TheMother and father _ a little English.Both bread and butter _ sold out .2. 由and 连接两个名词时, 谓语般用复数形式.speakare我的老校友刚从国外回来.My old friend and classmate _ come back from abroad.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家将参加我们的英语晚会.The singer and dancer _ to attend our English evening.hasisThe teacher and the writer are fr

4、om Shanghai那个老师和那个作家来自上海。 (两个人) 但是: and 连接的并列主语指同一个人或事物, 同一概念时,为单三人称 。 语法一致Mother and father _ a 3. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods(商品), glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. His clothes _ good. My trousers _ too old , I want to buy a new pair. Your glasses _ new, arent they? areareareA pair of gloves _

5、 welcome present. is但这些名词前若出现 a pair of 时 , 谓语用单数.Here _ some new pairs of shoes for you. are但是：语法一致3. 名词如: trousers, scissors, cl我们每个人都有一本新书. Each of us _ a new book.没有一个学生喜欢这款游戏. No student _ this kind of computer games.每个男人和女人都在工作。 Every man and every woman _ at work. 4. either , each , every, no

6、 + 名词（代词）作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式.haslikesis语法一致我们每个人都有一本新书. 4. either , each 水一点也没剩.None of the water _ left.学生中谁也没去过那座岛.None of the students _ been to the island.5. none of 作主语时, 如果其后的名词是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式, 如果是可数名词, 谓语可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式.was has / have语法一致水一点也没剩.5. none of 作主语时, 如果其后的名6. 主语后面有with/ along with / t

7、ogether with / except / as well as 等时, 谓语动词要与主语的数 一致。那位老师连同他的学生一起看演唱会去了。The teacher, along with his students, _ the concert.has gone to语法一致6. 主语后面有with/ along with / tog1.表示金钱,时间,距离等的名词虽然是复数形式,但主语按单数对待.这本书20美元太贵了。 Twenty dollars _ too expensive for the book. 四公里不算远. Four kilometres _ not very far.八小

8、时持时间真长.Eight hours _ really a very long time.isisis意义一致意义一致原则：主语形式虽为复数，意义为单数，谓语动词用单数，主语形式虽为单数，意义为复数，谓语也用复数。 1.表示金钱,时间,距离等的名词虽然是isisis意义一致意 2. 集体名词family, group, class, population, team等 作为整体视为单数，如果强调其成员应视为复数.比较:他家不是个大家庭. His family _ not a large one. 她全家人在看电视. Her family _ watching TV.isare指整体指家庭成员但

9、是： 集合名词police , people, clothes 作主 语时, 谓语要用复数形式.意义一致警察正在寻找这个匪徒。 The police _ looking for the robber. are 2. 集体名词family, group, class, Who wrote the books _unknown.是谁写的这本书不为人所知。 Reading books _ good for your knowledge. 读书有益于丰富你的知识。When and where to hold the meeting _been decided yet. 何时何地举行这个会议还没决定 。

10、Whether he will come _on whether he has enough time.他是否会来还要他有足够的时间。isishasntdepends不定式, 动名词及从句做主语时, 作为单三人称。I have got some great shots of the boy who plays the guitar on the left.Every day we have activities which take place after class.定语从句中谓语动词的形式是根据先行词而定的.意义一致isishasntdepends不定式, 动名词及从句做主3. the+形

11、容词,表示一类人, the + 姓氏s 表示一家人或一对夫妇，谓语用复数。 例:盲人们得到了很好的照顾。 _ 布朗一家正在花园里种树。 _The blind are taken care of very well. The Browns are planting trees in the garden.意义一致3. the+形容词,表示一类人, the + 姓氏s 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中,(有时主语 不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.Here _ the bus. 公共汽车来了.There _ (be) a pen and some pieces

12、of paper for you. Where _ (be) your wife and children to stay while you are away?comesisis就近原则 就近原则： 谓语动词用单数还是用复数，取 决于靠近它的主语由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中,(学生和老师都不知道这事.Neither the students nor the teacher _ anything about it He or you_ taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔.Not only the students but (also) their tea

13、cher _to go sightseeing.不仅学生们，他们的老师也希望去观光。 knowshavehopes2.用连词or, either. or, neither.nor, not only.but also等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致. 就近原则学生和老师都不知道这事.knowshavehopes2.用连 Exercises (单选)1.Twenty minutes (is, are) enough for me. 2.Each of us (have, has) done the work. 3.We each (have, has) been to the

14、 Great Wall. 4.Somebody (want, wants) to see you. 5.Who (is, are) often late? 6.Mr Green with his sons (are, is) having supper at home. 7.No one except his sisters (know, knows) about it. 8.The Greens (are, is) watching TV. 9.Either he or you (are, is) right. 10.Either they or Tom (have, has) asked

15、the question. 11. Either of the answers ( is are ) right.= Each of Exercises (单选)= Ea11.Neither he nor I (am, is, are) a teacher. 12.Here (is, are) a pencil and two books for you as your birthday presents. 13.Milk and juice (is, are) both delicious. 14.There (is, are) no meat and no bread at home. 1

16、5.This pair of shoes (is, are) mine. 16.My family (is, are) all here. 17.His family (is, are) very small, with only two people. 18.Her family (is, are) all watching TV. 19.Fishes (live，lives) in the water.20.There (is, are) little sheep on the hill. 小绵羊11.Neither he nor I (am, is, a21.Sheep（is，are）w

17、hite and milk (is, are) white, too. 22.A woman with 2 boys (is, are) working in the field. 23.Three years (has, have) passed since he left here. 24.There (is, are) a pair of shoes under the bed. 25.The shoes under the bed (is, are) mine. 26.More than one boy (has, have) been to the USA. 27.All (has,

18、 have) come to the party. 28.None of them (is, are) a good teacher. 29.None of them (is, are) workers. 30.They each (has, have) a good book. 21.Sheep（is，are）white and milk31.The number of the books on the desk (is, are) ten. 32.Fish and chips (is, are) on the table. 33.The taller of the twins (like,

19、 likes, is like)swimming. 34.The black trousers on the bed (is, are) his, the blue ones (is, are) mine. 35.No news (is, are) good news. 36.Neither of us (has, have) much money. 37.Most of the food (is, are) good. 38.What color (is, are) the pens? 39.The photo of the boys (is, are) on the wall. 40.Ei

20、ther of the books (is, are) mine. 31.The number of the books on 41.Not only his parents but also Tom (is, are) invited to the party. 42.The boy like his parents often (go, goes) skating. 43.Nothing (has, have) happened outside. 44.At the head of the queue (was, were) my parents. 45.Half of the sheep (like, likes) to eat this kind