三相异步电动机设计分解

1、三相异步电动机设计分解三相异步电动机设计分解26/26三相异步电动机设计分解第三章：三相异步电动机设计已知：发电机输出功率：PN6.1KW，效率为90.9%，=电动机输出功率：PN=6.1/87%=7.01KW依照已经设计的发电机，可选择Y132M-4作为它的原动机拖动发电。Y132-M4异步电动机设计及磁路计算已知数据：输出功率p17.5kw额定电压U1380V相数m3频率f50HZ极数p2级绝缘，连续运行（一）额定数据和主要尺寸：1.额定功率：Pn7.5KW2.额定电压：UNUN380V（接）3.功电流：IkWPN7.5103A6.58AmUN3380效率：0.87功率因素：cos0.85

2、极对数：p2定转子槽数每相每极槽数取整数q13则Z12mpq1232336Z232并采用斜肩平底槽定转子每极槽数Zp1Z1362p94Zp2Z2322p849确定电机电机主要尺寸主要尺寸来确定Dil和lefKE0.0108lnPN0.013p0.9310.0108ln7.50.01320.9310.927计算功率PKEPNcos7.51030.9270.850.879.4KW初选ap0.68，KNm1.095，Kdp0.96可取A25600A，取B0.67T，1m假设n1440rmin。V6.11papKNmKdpABn16.119.41030.681.0950.96256000.671440

3、0.00324m3取1.5则32pV34mmDil1.50.003240.141按定子内外径比求出定子冲片外径D1Di10.1410.2203mDi1/D0.64取D10.22mDi1D1(Di1D)0.22/0.640.141m断念的有效长度：lefV0.003240.163mDi210.1412取断念长li0.160m10气隙的确定0.3(0.47Di1li)1030.3(0.470.1410.160)103m0.4103m于是断念有效长度lefli2(0.16020.0004)mm0.161转子外径D2Di12(0.14120.0004)m0.140m转子内径先按转轴直径：Di20.04

4、8m11极距Di10.1412p0.111m412定子齿距Di10.141mt1360.0123Z1转子齿距D20.140mt2320.0161Z213定子绕组采用单层绕组，交织式，节距1-9，2-10，11-1214为了削弱齿谐波磁场的影响，转子采用斜槽，一般斜一个定子齿距t1，于是转子斜槽宽bsk0.0130m设计定子绕组并联支路a11.每槽导体数Ns13216.每相串通匝数N1Ns1Z13236384m1a131每相串通匝数N1绕组线规设计初选定子电密J14.0Amm2，计算导线并绕根数和每根导线截面积的乘积。I18.902.22mm2Ni1Ac1a1J114.

5、0其中定子电流初步预计值I1IKW6.588.90Acos0.870.85采用截面积周边的铜线：高强度漆包线，并绕根数Ni12，线径d11.18mm，绝缘后直径d1.25mm，截面积Ac11.0936mm2，Ni1Ac12.1872mm2设计定子槽形Di12(h01hs11)bi1minb1Z10.1402(0.80.924)1031036.7365.9103mbi1minDi12(h01h22)2r1Z10.1412(0.814.5)1034.41032366.17103m取bi16.04103m槽在面积2r1bs1r12As2(hs2h)24.4224.46.7(14.50.5)按槽绝缘采

6、用DMDM复合绝缘，22138.9106m20.3mm，槽楔为h0.5mm，复合板，槽绝缘占面积。Aii(2h12ri)0.0003(20.01450.0044)12.8106m2槽满率Ni1Ns1d22321.252Sf79.4%Aef126.1绕组系数Kp11qasin320sin2Kd120.9598qsina3sin2022其中a2236020p36Z1Kdp1Kd1Kp110.95980.9598每相有效串通导体数N1Kdp13840.9598368设计转子槽形与转子绕组预计转子导条电流：3N1kdp13368A245.64AI2k1I1Z20.908.9036其中k10.90由资料

7、查出。初步取转子导条电密Jb3.5Amm2，于是导条的截面积：ABI2245.64mm270.18mm2JB3.5D22(hs21hs02)bi2maxZ2bs210.142(1.300.5)1035.5103m327.89103mD22(hs21hs02hs22)bi2minZ2bs220.142(2330.5)10332310m6.13103mbi2bi21bi2max1(bi2maxbi2min)336.131031(7.891036.13103)m36.72103m导条截面积（转子槽面积）AB(b02bs12)hs12(bs12bs22)hs2222(155)1.30(355)(231

8、.30)m22296.45106m2预计端环电流IRI2Z2245.6432A625.5A2p4端环所需面积IR625.522ARJRmm297.9mm2.1其中端环电密JR0.6JB2.1Amm2得端环所需面积为AR250106m2（二）磁路计算满载电势初设kE(1L)0.940E(1UVV1L)N0.940380357.2每极磁通初设ks1.25由图3-5查得kNm1.090E14kNmkdp1fN1357.2Wb41.0900.9598501920.00889Wb为计算磁路各部分磁密，需先计算磁路中各部分的磁导截面每极下齿部截面积Ai1kFelibi1Zp10.950.1606.0410

9、398.26103m2Ai2kFelibi2Zp20.950.1606.7210388.17103m2定子轭部高度hj1D1Di2hs2rs1230.220.141(0.814.54.4)1034.4103m2319.3103m转子轭部高度hj2D2Di2hs20.1400.048(230.5)10322.5103m22轭部导磁截面积Aj1kFelihj10.950.16019.3103m22.934103m2Aj2kFelihj20.950.16022.5103m23.42103m2一极下空气隙截面积lef0.1110.163m20.01809m2波幅系数B111.47Fsap0.68Bav

10、气隙磁密计算Fs1.470.00889TTB0.7220.01809定子齿部磁密：Fs1.470.00889TTBi18.261031.561Ai1转子齿部磁密Fs1.470.00889TTBi28.171031.578Ai2从D23磁化曲线找出对应上述磁密的磁场强度：Hi132.6AcmHi237.8Acm有效气隙长度efk1.0250.4103m0.41103m其中气隙系数为kt1(4.40.75b01)10.75b01)b012t1(4.40.0123(4.40.41030.753.5103)0.0123(4.40.41030.753.5103)(3.5103)21.023k2t2(4.

11、40.75b02)(4.40.75b02)b022t20.0161(4.40.41030.751103)0.0161(4.40.41030.751103)(1103)21.0025k1k11.0231.00251.025齿部磁路计算长度Li1(h11h21)1r2114.514.4m15.97103m33Li2(h12h22)1r2123103m3轭部磁路计算长度(D13Lhj1)1(0.2219.310)m378.87103m3j12p28(D1hj1)1(0.2219.3103)378.87103m3Lj128m2p气隙磁压降kB1.0250.7220.4103235.57AF0.4106

12、A0齿部磁压降Fi1Hi1Li132.610215.97103A52.06AFi2Hi2Li22310237.8103A86.94A37.饱和系数ksFFi1Fi2235.5752.0686.941.258F235.57误差=1.2581.250.63%1%，合格1.258定子轭部磁密Bj110.00889TT2Aj122.9341031.450转子轭部磁密Bj210.00889TT2Aj223.421031.242从D23磁化曲线找出对应上述磁密的磁场强度：Hj115.5AcmHj273.8Acm轭部磁压降：其中轭部磁位降校正系数由资料的附图查出hj119.3103,BT于是0.174j1C

13、j10.4100.1111.450Fj1Cj1Hj1Lj10.41015.510278.8110350.08Ahj122.5103，BT于是0.203j2Cj20.4100.1111.242Fj2Cj2Hj2Lj20.4107.3810227.691038.991A每极磁势FFFi1Fi2Fj1Fj2(22.74133.8654.5150.088.99)A85A满载磁化电流：Im2pF4374.85AA0.9m1N1kdp10.931920.95983.014磁化电流标么值Im*Im3.0140.458IkW6.58励磁电抗Xms4fm1(N1kdp1)2lef0kspef4500.41063

14、(1920.9598)20.1670.1111.25820.41103146.46Xms*XmsIkW146.466.582.536UN380（三）参数计算线圈平均半匝长单层线圈lclBKcy=0.195+1.20.09929=0.314mlBlt2d1=0.165+20.015=0.195my=Di12(h0h11)h21r21/2p=0.141+2(0.8+0.924)+(14.5-0.924)10-3+4.410-3/22=99.2910-3m节距比2/31,取=0.8其中d1是线圈直线部分伸出断念的长度，取1030mm。kc是经验系数取1.247单层线圈端部平均长lE2d1Kcy20.

15、015+1.20.0993=0.150m48漏抗系数Cx=4f0(N1Kdp1)2lefPN/m1pUN2=4500.410-7（0.9598192）20.1637.510-3/323802=0.0378749定子槽比漏磁导s1Ku1u1KL1L1=10.410+10.830=1.24u1h012h11b01(b01b11)0.820.9243.53.56.7=0.410L1=0.830因h21(14.50.924)=1.5432r2124.4b116.7=0.762r2124.4其中Ku1=KL1=150定子槽漏抗Xs1*2m1plt1s1CXZ1Kdp12lef2320.1601.24CX

16、360.959820.163=0.440Cx51定子谐波漏抗X*m1SCX12efKdp12Ks=30.1110.009CX20.411030.959821.368=0.5877Cx其中S=0.00952定子端部漏抗单层交织式绕组的端部漏抗与分组的单层同心式绕组周边则：*0.47(lE0.64y)CXXE1Kdp12lef=0.47(0.1500.640.0993)CX0.1630.95982=0.270Cx53定子漏抗X1Xs1*X1*XE1*=（0.440+0.5877+0.27）Cx=1.2977Cx=0.049154转子槽比漏磁导s2u2L20.51.732.23u2h020.50.5

17、b021L22h12(b02b12)L=21.30=1.735.5)(11.330h/b2，b1/b2=7.6=1.83查表得L=1.33055转子槽漏抗Xs2*2m1plt2s1CXZ2lef=230.1602.23CX320.163=0.821Cx56转子谐波漏抗m1RCXX22efKs=30.1110.0150CX20.41103=0.9023Cx查表得R=0.01557转子端部漏抗*l条lt2DR)CX*XE20.757(X1.132plefE2=0.7570.132CX0.1634=0.150Cx58转子斜槽漏抗Xsk*0.5(bsk)2X2*t2=0.5(0.013)20.9023

18、CX0.0161=0.29Cx59转子漏抗X2*Xs2*X2*XE2*Xsk*=(0.821+0.9023+0.15+0.29)Cx=2.1633Cx=0.081960总漏抗X*X1*X2*=0.13161定子直流电阻R12N1lc=Nt1Ac11=0.021710621920.31421.09361061=1.19662定子相电阻标幺值R1*=R1IkwUN1.1966.58380=0.020763有效资料定子导线重量GWClCNs1Z1Nt1Ac1=1.050.31432361.093610-68.9103=7.393kg式中C为考虑导线绝缘和引线重量的系数，漆包圆铜线取1.05为导线密度

19、硅钢片重量GFe=Kfelt(Dl)2Fe=0.950.163（0.22+0.005）27.810-3=61.897kg式中为冲剪余量，取510-3m64转子电阻导条电阻折算值KBLB4m1(N1Kdp1)2RB=ABZ20.04341061.040.19543(1920.9598)296.4510632=1.162式中KB是叠片不整齐造成导条电阻增加的系数端环电阻折算值RDRZ2m1(N1Kdp1)2=R2p2ARZ2=0.0434106320.13243(1920.9598)2230.03716导条电阻标幺值*=RBIkw=1.166.58RBUN=0.02012

20、380端环电阻标幺值RR=RRIKW=0.37166.58=0.00643*UN380转子电阻标么值R2*=RB*+RR*=0.02655（四）工作性能计算满载时定子电流有功重量标么值I*=111.12361p0.89满载时转子电流无功重量标么值*=1X*I*21+(1X*I*2Ix1p1p)=1.02160.13944(1.1236)21+(1.02160.13941.1236)2=0.1811=1+X1*=10.04912.536=1.0216Xms67满载时定子电流无功重量标么值I1Q*=Im*+Ix*=0.469+0.143=0.65满载电势标么值KE=1L(I1p*R1*+I1Q*X

21、*)=11=1(1.12360.0207+0.650.0491)=0.942与22项初设值KE切合空载时电势标么值*10=1ImX1=10.3090.0419=0.976空载时定子齿磁密10)Bt1=(0.976)1.58=1.637Tt10B=(0.9421L空载时转子齿磁密B10)Bt2(0.976=()1.60=1.658Tt2010.942L空载时定子轭磁密Bj10=(10)Bj1(0.976)1.45=1.502T1L0.942空载时转子轭磁密Bj20=(10)Bj2(0.976)1.242=1.287T1L0.942空载时气隙磁密B0=(10)B(0.976)0.722=0.748

22、T1L0.942空载时定子齿部磁压降Ft10=Ht10Lt1=46.810215.9710-3=74.74A空载时转子齿部磁压降Ft20=Ht20Lt2=53.41022310-3=122.82A空载时定子轭部磁压降Fj10=Cj1Hj10Lj1=0.4020.110278.8110-3=63.36A空载时转子轭部磁压降Fj20=Cj2Hj20Lj2=0.438.9010227.6910-3=10.597A空气隙磁压降F0KB01.0250.7480.4103=244.05A00.4106空载总磁压降F00Ft10Ft20Fj10Fj20F0=74.74+122.82+63.36+10.597

23、+244.05=504.97A空载磁化电流2pF00Im00.9m1N1Kdp122504.97=0.931920.9598=4.06A（四）工作性能计算定子电流标么值*=(I*2I*2(1.123620.652)=1.249I11p1Q)=定子电流实质值*I1I1Ikw1.2496.58=8.51A定子电流密度J1I18.512=a1Nt1Ac13.89Amm11.0936线负荷A1m1N1I133208.51Am=Di1221323.140.141转子电流标么值*=(I*21pI*2X)I2=(1.123620.18432)=1.139转子电流实质值I2=I2*Ikwm1N1Kdp1Z23

24、3840.9598=1.1396.58=258.96A端环电流实质值IRI2Z2258.9632659.4A=2p23.142转子电流密度导条电密I2258.96mm2JB2.685AAB96.45端环电密JRIR659.42.64Amm2AR250定子电气耗费Pcu1*I1*2R1*=1.29420.0207=0.0347Pcu1Pcu1*PN0.03477.5103=260.25W转子电气耗费PAl2*I2*2R2*=1.13920.02655=0.0344PAl2=PAl2*PN=0.03447.5103=258W附加耗费铜条转子Ps*=0.02Ps=Ps*PN=0.027.5103=1

25、50W机械耗费二级封闭自扇冷式Pfw=(3/p)2(D1)4104=(3/2)2(0.22)4104=52.7W机械耗费标么值Pfw*=Pfw/PN3=52.7/7.510=0.00703定子铁耗定子轭重量GtpAt1Lt1-378.81-37.83=4Fe101010=14.43=422.934定子齿重量Gj=2pAj1Lj1-315.9710-37.83Fe=428.261010=4.116耗费系数Phet=6.8Phej=5.1定子齿耗费PFet=K1PhetGt=25.1014.43=147.2W定子轭耗费PFej=K2PhejGj=2.56.804.116=69.97W定子铁耗PFe

26、=PFet+PFej=147.2+69.97=217.17W对于半闭口槽按经验取K1=2K2=2.5铁耗标么值*PFe/PN3PFe=10=0.029=217.17/7.5总耗费标么值*=P*+P*P*+P*P*pcu1Al2fwsFe=0.0347+0.0344+0.02+0.00703+0.029=0.1251输出功率PN1*=1+p*=1+0.1251=1.1251效率*=1p/PN1=10.1251/1.1251=0.869%功率因数cos=I1p*/I1*=1.1249/1.294=0.8796.转差率SN*PAl*=*1PAl2PsPFerPfw0.0344=10.03440.02

27、0.01540.007=0.0319P*=PFetrPFeirFerPN(10.5)147.2(10.4)69.977.5103=0.0154转速nN=(60f/p)(1SN)=6050/2(10.0319)=1452r/min最大转矩倍数Tm*=1SN2(R1*(R1*2X*2)=10.0319(0.020720.1312)2(0.0207=2.74(五)起动性能计算起动电流假设值Ist*=(2.53.5)TmIkw3.1576.58=59.1A=3起动时定转子槽磁势平均值F=Ist(N/a)0.707K+K2K(Z/Z)(10)sts11u1d1p112=59.1320.7071+0.95

28、9821(36/32)0.976=2836.5A空气隙中漏磁场的虚假磁密BL=0Fst/2C-6-3=0.4102836.5/20.4100.9367C=0.64+2.5t1t2=0.64+2.50.412.316.1=0.9367由BL查得漏抗饱和系数Kz=0.44齿顶漏磁饱和引起的定子齿顶宽度的减少CS1=(t1b01)(1Kz)=(12.3-3.5)(10.44)=4.9310-3m齿顶漏磁饱和引起的转子齿顶宽度的减少CS2=(t2b02)(1Kz)=(16.11)(10.44)=8.45610-3m起动时定子槽比漏磁导S1(St)=Ku1(u1u1)+KL1L1(0.410-0.185)+0.83=1.055u1(h010.58h11)(CS1)b01CS11.5b01(0.80.58)(4.93)0.9244.931.53.5=0.185起动时定子槽漏抗*=(S1(St)*Xs1(st)S1)Xs1=(1.055/1.24)0.440CX=0.3743CX起动时定子谐波漏抗X1(st)*=KZX1*=0.440.5877CX=0.2586CX起动时定子漏抗*+X1(st)*X1(st