电子讲义-可2017考研英语基础精讲辅导写作、翻译完型新题型

1、前言一、英语二和英语一作文的区英语一作文1.Writeoutthemessagesconveyedbythe2.Giveyour范文对比hiscartoon, ahen isringthe t前言一、英语二和英语一作文的区英语一作文1.Writeoutthemessagesconveyedbythe2.Giveyour范文对比hiscartoon, ahen isringthe tthe eggs shelays are y withoutanysquarecorners,ttheyallhavesandyolks. Itseemsamusingforthehenbetakingcredit

2、ngnothingnher dutytolay ordinaryeggs.Butthereis deeperlhiscartoon.图画图表描述段Recentlysecommonforanywalksoflifetomakealothigh-soundingpromises.Forinstance,administrationdepartmentspromiseefficientoftheirtasks,withoutanybriberyinvolved.Again,l risespromisetoexcellentproductsatreasonableandwithwarmservice.

3、,we twetthey nkthem formaking extraeffortsonourbehalf;but,uponreflection,wehaveabasicresponsibilitytodo ttheypromise.意义阐释段1“Goodwineneedsnobush.” Ifbusinessesandadministration dotheirjobsproperly servethepeople,theywillprosper施段vingto“Goodwineneedsnobush.” Ifbusinessesandadministration dotheirjobspr

4、operly servethepeople,theywillprosper施段vingtomakealotofmeaninglesspromisesAs is clearly shown by the chart, there is a series of figures showing the ratio of energy consumption. It can be seent space heating takes up the most energy consumption, which accounts for 48% of the total. The second larges

5、t portion of energy (18%) is used lighting, cooking, and running , with water heating, refrigeration making up 14% 13%respectively. Among these, space cooling comes up to be the lowest, 7% of the whole.（So what can be drawn from the chart? It is not hard to t space takes up the biggest proportion, w

6、hich t space heating is the biggest reason of consumption. It naturally t, only by solving the problem of space heating can we way out for the situation suggested by the chart. Then, the question is: in what way can we witheofspaceheating? （数据分析Among various kinds of solutions, solar energy might be

7、 the most effective answer to question mainly due to the to the problem. It is also t solar energy can provide a very convenient and quick sary to appeal to the public to strengthen the awareness of energy,whichisveryconstructivetotheproblem-solvingreflectedbythechart.（解决措施二、作文和英语中的重要性有多少三英语分数规划与做题2

8、第一章 小作文大文词：第一：Themostimportantfactortoconsideredisthepollutionis第二：Itisalsoofgreatimportanttooaccountthefactpollution第一章 小作文大文词：第一：Themostimportantfactortoconsideredisthepollutionis第二：Itisalsoofgreatimportanttooaccountthefactpollutionis第三： In addition to whatmentioned above, it is still ne sary to c

9、onsider the role 第二10 组词汇短作必I期meethenear有关与关回复/情感：感激/遗憾/歉意/诚挚希如下号召呼Call,Itishight.3采取measuressteps方建议/IMysuggestion10. Iamherewritethisletterconvey采取measuressteps方建议/IMysuggestion10. Iamherewritethisletterconvey三小文用分：）是做某事的时候倒装Wecandothishis强调Thematterhasbeensolvedbecauseernmenttookimmediate4现在完成第节作

10、版本大文第节：大作文必备词采取措如描述/越来现在完成第节作版本大文第节：大作文必备词采取措如描述/越来越关重要反映/成为Thispicturereflectsacommon5现象/改善影身心健有意识/联合/生现象/改善影身心健有意识/联合/生动地/逻辑地/清楚图表/增加/不可见发人深省补充内6：文个：小文对满）1.主 1). Readingandwritingarevery翻译：采取措施和加强防范是改的关键注意：当主and 连结时，如果它表示一个：文个：小文对满）1.主 1). Readingandwritingarevery翻译：采取措施和加强防范是改的关键注意：当主and 连结时，如果它表

11、示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用is，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词，共用一个冠词用单数表示。TheironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourTheLeaguesecretaryandmonitoraskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.2). 当there 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致翻译：图中有一个小男孩和一对父母正在看关于环保的。3).谓语动词与前面的主语 Theteachertogetherwithsomestudents ）holdingaa

12、bouthowtofightl4). manya none nof 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致rson ）addictedtodigitaln60percentofthecitizens ）fromthe练习题只有练习才可以彻底掌握71. The old welllookedafterbyernmentinC.hasA.B.D.2. Thesecretary and manager verybusyA.B.C.D.3.Boththe secretaryandthe manager agreedtoattendtheA.B.C.D.4.Tomaswell astwo ofhisc

13、lassmatesinvitedtotheA.1. The old welllookedafterbyernmentinC.hasA.B.D.2. Thesecretary and manager verybusyA.B.C.D.3.Boththe secretaryandthe manager agreedtoattendtheA.B.C.D.4.Tomaswell astwo ofhisclassmatesinvitedtotheA.B.C.haveD.had5. Either you or IgoingtotheteachersofficeafterA.B.C.D.6. Mostof h

14、is sparetime spentinA.B.C.D.have7.Thisisoneofthebestt appearedthisC.hadA.haveB.D.8. Ten thousand dollars quitealargeA.B.C.D.9. About20 percentofthe work doneA.10.MrA.B.togetherwithhisB.C.C.D.D.11. It I who leavingforA.B.C.D.12.NotonlyTom butalsohiswife fondof.A.B.C.D.13.When andwheretobuildthenewfac

15、toryA.isnotC.hasnotB.arenotD.havenot14.AlthoughA.arepartofthebookisthe rest B.hasprovedD.havebeenfoundC.i A.pedttheywerehese matters nowcleartousB.C.D.16.Half of his goods stolentheotherA.B.C.D.817. Mathematics thelanguageofA.B.aregoingtoC.D.isto18.Each of thestudents a-EnglishC.thereA.B.D.there19.

16、They each abeautifulA.20.A.B.C.thereD.theren the tworowsoftreestheteaching17. Mathematics thelanguageofA.B.aregoingtoC.D.isto18.Each of thestudents a-EnglishC.thereA.B.D.there19. They each abeautifulA.20.A.B.C.thereD.theren the tworowsoftreestheteachingB.C.D.21. This pair of shoes madeinA.B.C.haveD.

17、had22.No oneexceptmy parents anythingaboutA.B.C.isD.have23. A number of students fromtheA.B.C.D.24.Thenumberofstudentsfromthe northA.B.C.D.25.Writing stories and articleswhatIenjoyA.B.published in 1965.C.hasD.26.His Selected Poems A.B.D.27.MissSmithisafriendofA.MarysC.Mothersof28.Agood dealof moneys

18、pentonB.MarysD.MaryA.B.C.haveD.has29. On the wall twolargeA.30. turngreeninA.B.C.D.B.C.D.31.FatherwenttohisdoctorforabouthisheartA.anB.C.D.the32. All but one herejustA.B.C.hasD.933.The number of peopleinvited fifty， buta number ofthemabsentforA.were;B.was;C.was;D.were;34.The air in big citiesverydir

19、tybyA.areoftenC.haveoftenB.isoftenD.hasoften35. Nobody toA.33.The number of peopleinvited fifty， buta number ofthemabsentforA.were;B.was;C.was;D.were;34.The air in big citiesverydirtybyA.areoftenC.haveoftenB.isoftenD.hasoften35. Nobody toA.heB.C.isD.are36.TheA.people hard-workingandB.C.hasD.are37. c

20、an be done beenA.All;38.JohnhastwoA.B.t;C.All;D.t;but either outofworkB.C.D.39. themurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinaA.issearchingC.aresearching40.Apples ofthis kind A.tastesB.weresearchingD.wereB.tastesC.tasteD.taste状立伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随) 发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状伴随着句子)发出两个动作, 或同一个语处于两种状态，或同一个主语发出一个动

21、作时又伴随有某一种状态。一般情况下必须是全句的主语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是)发生的独立主格结构Allnightlonghelayawake,tossingandturning,withhisbloodsurgingandboiling,ofhis非习动 :一1.The meeting nextA.totakekretobeagreatB.tobetakenC.tohavetakenD.beingtakenbytheComradeLeiFeng,wetryourbesttodogoodA.C.Tobe3.Its no good here.LetsgoB.BeingD.A.toB.

22、C.thewouldnotcomeD.beingC.tohavetakenD.beingtakenbytheComradeLeiFeng,wetryourbesttodogoodA.C.Tobe3.Its no good here.LetsgoB.BeingD.A.toB.C.thewouldnotcomeD.being4.Ilistened to the wind, A.B.toC.D.being5.Asaresult ofmy laziness,IfailedmyA.andB.toC.andD.to6.I am sorry writtenyoualetterattheA.tohaveB.t

23、oC.nottoD.7.Tom apologized to me A.tobeB.ofbeingC.tohavebeenD.forbeing8.I remained longafterIhadbeentoldtheA.B.C.beingD.tobe9.Will you lend hima magazine A.tobeB.forC.toD.he10.The article onbjectwaswrittenbyMr.C.referringA.B.D.referred11.Livingnearthesea,njoyhealthyairandbeautifulB. healthyairandbea

24、utifulsightisC. itishealthyairandbeautifulD.njoyhealthyairandbeautifulsincethenightbefore,IfeltA.HavingnoteatenC.IhadnteatenB.NoteatingD.vingeaten13.We thenlistenedto thechild the article ontheA.read,C.toread,itwithmeandIllseewhatIcanB.reading,D.read,A.WhenB.C.IfyouD.suchachance,whydontyouhaveaA.ToB

25、.C.D.tocarry16.WediscussedthetwewouldliketoseetheA.carryB.carrying.carried17.madethemmuchA. HisnotcomingC.Henottocome18.Five people were reportedA.ToB.C.D.tocarry16.WediscussedthetwewouldliketoseetheA.carryB.carrying.carried17.madethemmuchA. HisnotcomingC.Henottocome18.Five people were reportedA.tob

26、eC.B.NothiscomingD.Nothecomeback he accident.B.toD.tohavebeen19.IflewtoParisthismorning,myassistantmetherethisA.B.toC.willD.wantsto20.Hetried tocalmhimself,A.B.toC.D.,IwenttotheparkwithmyB.BeingnoA.AsC.SincehavenoD.Itbeinga22.Doyou GoA.openingtheC.myopeningthe23.Ihaveone ortwo things B.youropeningth

27、eD.IopeningtheA.toB.toC.toseeD.tolook24.isbadforhisA.MikeC.MikesbeingB.MikesD.Mike25.IA.o the classroom, myseatandsatdowntoB.toC.D.26.Iamtired and Idont feellike anyA.toB.tobehe street.C.toD.27.She did nothingbutA.28.ItisaA.toB.D.tdoesnt needrightB.C.beingD.tobe29.I myhandbagstolenA.B.C.D. by a crow

28、d of people, I felt nervous, whattosay.A.Watching,didntC.Havingbeenwatch,not1.IdreamofstandingontheB.Havingwatched,andnotD.Beingwatched,not by a crowd of people, I felt nervous, whattosay.A.Watching,didntC.Havingbeenwatch,not1.IdreamofstandingontheB.Havingwatched,andnotD.Beingwatched,notheclassrooma

29、ndgivelessonstolovely2.SoonIbegan toenjoytalk tomyselfon3.Iwantnkyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummer4.MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmaketIgeta5.Ridebicyclescanhelpbuildourbodiesandbicyclesaresobuy teachfamilycanaffordOnthemeeting,twenty-fiveadvancingteacherswerepraisedandthosew

30、hohadcompleted thirty years of teaching were given medals.ShekeptthelambtyingtoatreeduringthedayandwenttofetchiteveryIwasoftenalittletiredafteradaysworkandwatchTVdemandsverylittle译 一个发展中国家,属于第三世界(theThirdChina is a country, theThirdWorld.2. 的餐厅The building willbeservedasourdining-hall.由于不知道地址没法和他取得联

31、系hisaddress,we havenowaywithhim.既不懂当地的语言,在这国家又没有朋友,她觉得要想找到工作是不可能的thelocallanguageandhavingnofriend a job.hecountry,hefoundit生长在农村,他对农民的生活有着深刻的了解 and hecountryside,heknowsbetteraboutthehardlife下,人们的生活的条件有了大大的改善近年In recent years, bytheParty,peoplefindtheirlivingconditionsgrey四强 下,人们的生活的条件有了大大的改善近年In r

32、ecent years, bytheParty,peoplefindtheirlivingconditionsgrey四强 句 句子 的强5：大 图画背后的原因是什么呢？原因如下所示图画作者试图通过数据表明某某的重要性为了解决/改善图画所反，是时候采取有效有力措施如今，越来越多的人开始重视/忽视做某事的重要，只有个人、社才能解决图画所反。2017 初本附1.A 通过k得知会议是在下周举行,用不定式作定语表示将来的动作,take place 2.A 题意为:竭尽全力做好事.和完成.B项表示正在进行的动作和结果,C项不对.3.C It isno ngsth. 这个结构中ng是个动名词,用作主语.句

33、意为:附1.A 通过k得知会议是在下周举行,用不定式作定语表示将来的动作,take place 2.A 题意为:竭尽全力做好事.和完成.B项表示正在进行的动作和结果,C项不对.3.C It isno ngsth. 这个结构中ng是个动名词,用作主语.句意为:4.A 分词作伴随状语.C, and.不定式表目的或结果,句子意思不通.D 为不正确5.Bfailtodosth. 固定短语,没有能够.A项句子意义不通,D项表达不对不定式的完成式的否定式做原因状语,否定词not 必须在不定式之前7.Dapologizetosb.forngsth.为常见搭配8.Bpuzzled 表主语感到迷惑不解的,puz

34、zling 表令人迷惑不解的,beingpuzzled强调正在进行动作,to be puzzled 表在主句谓语之后发生.9.C 不定式作定语,toread 过去分词作后置定语,意为被提到的11.Alivingnearthesea 分词短语作原因状语,其动作必须由主语来做现在分词完成式的否定式做原因状语,否定须在短语之前13.Dlistento 意为做某事与hear用法相同,其后可以用不带to 的不定式,名词.writtenontheblackboard 为过去分词作定语,the14.D 祈使句+ and+ 陈述句是一个固定句型,在这个句型当中,前面的祈使句表示一个肯定的 t plan.car

35、riedout 过去分词短语在定语从句中作宾语补足语 18.D sb. be reported to do sth. 表,因此空白处应填不定式.不定式一般式表将要生的动作或将出现的状态,完成式表已完成的动作或状态.句意为:.事故中已有五19.B to e 有自己的逻辑主语,成为句子的独立主格结构,表将要做的动作.A 作,C,D使句子的后半部分成为从句,但缺少连词20.C forcing 现在分词作伴随状语,表陪衬性的次要动作.填 A,D 句中结构不对,填 B 句子意义21.D 独立主格作全句的原因状语.A 虽可作状语,但本句中意义不通,C 为错误表达方式,B 分词短语,但其动作不是主句主语做的

36、分词短语,但其动作不是主句主语做的我发出的.A,B 的逻辑主语有问题.D 动名词复合式,代词不应为主格23.Ctoseetototakecareof 为不定式做定语.A,B均却少介词,things建立不起来动宾关系,填 D 项句子语法结构错误.动名词的复合式作主语时需用所有格形式.D 为名词性从句但缺少引导词25.C 一句话中有三个连续谓语动作,都用过去时,中间不应有伴随分词或不定式状语无故出现26.Cfeellike 表示想要,其后应接动名词27.B 当but前面有实义动词do时,后面用不带to 的不定式,to28.B 实义动词,后面的动作时,应用动名词的主动式或不定式式29.A have

37、+名词(或代词)+过去分词可表示某种遭遇.Let 后面的宾语不接过去分词.D 听凭某种状况而走开不管,与题意不符30.DBeingwatched表示原因或时间,伴随动作.C语态.Notknowing,后续问题关：基础翻译版译1. 数据20-形式：英译难(1)词 millennium anthropology astrophysics set duck 基础翻译版译1. 数据20-形式：英译难(1)词 millennium anthropology astrophysics set duck oblige black hole swine flu mad cow disease 例 ellect

38、ual enquiry which to study ed and t l science t branch he same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and scientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena. I. 通顺无语II. 原HeisaSheisnomoreaspringHeisthelastIII. 符合表tIwanttoMymotheralwaysplansAleopardwillnoteasilychangeitsYouknoweveryturnMymotheralwaysplansAleopardwill

39、noteasilychangeitsYouknoweveryturnandtwistlikethebackofyour二标每句四个意群，每个意群0.5 何为严重错误talk horsethegrowingincidenceofchildabuseandchild正：与日俱儿童和忽略儿童和忽略儿童Everybodyrises.Ifyouhavesomethingtosay,thensay;ifnot,then划分意群，划出逐个翻译，调整例1 2003.61Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the subjectingallotherli

40、feformstotheirownpeculiarideasandin which they live, 四群 五译 (一)词法翻1. 专有 词的第Bacon Plato 四群 五译 (一)词法翻1. 专有 词的第Bacon Plato Socrates Aristotle Shakespeare Beethoven Darwin Darwinism 义 的 根据中文搭翻例1：handsome adj.英俊的；可观的；大方的 handsome boy handsome car handsome salary 例2：delicate a.纤弱的；细致的；精美的；微妙的；可口的 delicate

41、girl delicate skin delicate relationship 3. 第法duty and entitlement 第二种方法auniqueanddistinctlyimportantl science (二)句法翻1. (1)前置定语的翻3. 第法duty and entitlement 第二种方法auniqueanddistinctlyimportantl science (二)句法翻1. (1)前置定语的翻翻译方法driving force (94 翻译) scientific revolution (94 翻译) traditionalhistoricalmethod

42、(99翻译) (2)后置定语的翻+ + + + + 名名thecourseofreasoning(06翻译culturespastandpresent(03翻译theabilitytomodifytheenvironment(03翻译(3)多重后置定语的翻翻译方法theinsightsofgreatmenofpartofanexchangeofdutiesandtheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofall2. 句翻译方法一：合二为一（用于一般限定性定语从theeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofall2. 句翻译方

43、法一：合二为一（用于一般限定性定语从句译法：分二用非定定从和长限性语句）例220064Tylordefinedcultureastcomplexwholewhichincludesf,art,morals,law,custom,anyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberof例Thus, the anthropological concept of culture, like the concept of athematics, is conceptsibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchand例The

44、 Greeks t the structure of language had some connection with the s thought,whichtookrootin Europelongbeforepeoplerealized howdiverselanguagescould 3. 状语的常见形式：介词短语、现在/过去分词、不定方式状语多置于谓语动词语3. 状语的常见形式：介词短语、现在/过去分词、不定方式状语多置于谓语动词语herelationshipoflanguageandthought(2004翻译2：Theenvironmentalistsadvocateprotec

45、tingtheenvironmentinvarious4. 句5 l science t branch ellectual enquiry which seeks to study and t he same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and ed scientistsuseforthestudyofnatural例Weareobligedtothembecausesomeoftheselanguageshavesincevanished,asthepeoplesspokethemdiedoutorbecameassimilatedandlosttheirn

46、ative例The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied 例The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied of Europe and Southeast t some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir bricating 词 从句的 主语、宾语、表语从句的翻译方法：顺其第式：译成“.+ 用于短句+ 用于

47、较长和较复杂的句子8 he relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the t structureoflanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtina入 的 语一般处理方法：置于原9Theemphasison data -hand,combinedcross-broughtysis of cultures past and 入 的 语一般处理方法：置于原9Theemphasison data -hand,combinedcross-broughtysis of culture

48、s past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important l行结 注意and 等词所连接的动名词、分词、不定式或平行的从句结构的翻译例10Whorf came to ve in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, tlanguage imprisons far-reachingmind, t the aforthecultureofa基础 .级方法创造分学术背景秉“兼容并包”的学术精神驰骋于首都师范大学三出入于人民网、中国

49、教，纵基础 .级方法创造分学术背景秉“兼容并包”的学术精神驰骋于首都师范大学三出入于人民网、中国教，纵英语开创“方法派”，一剑封喉，助力近研究领如何让学生有效地记住并运用英文词如何把复杂的句子结构规则清晰地传授给学生以达到实战目如何把语言学与测试学的原理应用到各题型中最大限度提高学生的人生箴不是因为看见希望而坚持；而是因为坚持而看见希作英语基础进阶突破（英语必考考点一本通系）（即）交实名认证： 第一英语知识运用（基础部分Part1Although electronic means of payment may be more n a payments r system. , it based

50、on r, several factors work against the disappearance of the veryexpensivetosetup thecomputer,cardreader,ecornmunicationsnetworkssary to have 第一英语知识运用（基础部分Part1Although electronic means of payment may be more n a payments r system. , it based on r, several factors work against the disappearance of th

51、e veryexpensivetosetup thecomputer,cardreader,ecornmunicationsnetworkssary to have .before make electronic money the dominant form of payment. Second, r treceipts,tmanyconsumersareunwillingthe use of rchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysoffloat -ittakesseveralcheck is cashed and funds 3from the ers accou

52、nt, t the writer of electronic payments check can erest on the he . immediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheAAgiveABBtakeBCCbringCDDpassD2 Fourth, electronic means of payment security and privacy concerns. often hear media t an unauthorized hacker has been able to s a computer and to alter 5there. The

53、t this is not mon occurrence t s might be able to s accounts in electronic payments systems 6from someone elses accounts. The prevention of this type of fraud is no easy task, and new field of computer science is to 7 security es. A further concern t use of electronic means of payment leaves an elec

54、tronic t contains a large amount al data. There are ternment, employers, and marketers might be able sthesedata,therebyviolatingour4. ABBBBfightCCCCadaptDDDcall5.AAcope引起对X的担忧电脑数据库这是个常见现象4. 更令人担忧的是隐私Part1 Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people)

55、focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing4. 更令人担忧的是隐私Part1 Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. 1on the individual t children engag

56、e in criminal behavior because were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds t they have learned criminal eraction with others. Theories focusing on the role of society t commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic us, or as rejectionofmiddle-class2 Most theo

57、ries of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from 2the t children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter commitcrimesforlackofadequateparentalcontrol. Alltheories,however,areiveandsubjectto3 Changes in the l structure may indirectly 3 juvenile crime rates. For he t4 to fewer job

58、opportunities for nd rising unemployment generalmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain. Theresultingdiscontenturnleadmoreocriminal4 s have 5changes these years. More s consist of one-households or two working parents; consequently, children are likely to have n was he traditional family

59、structure. This lack of parental thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions

60、 tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct causal relationship has not yetbeen1. A acting 3.ABBBCCCDDD4.A5.ABBCCDD1把主要原因归结2 进行为提高社会经济地位使X 越来越难得到X 容易受到批评Part1People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when 4.A5.ABBCCDD1把主要原因归结2