高中宾语从句详解及练习

1、 I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾 语 从 句 主 句（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句一、连词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sport

2、s meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the e

3、xam .2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, wh

4、o, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有一定的意义，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ? 带how的

5、词组也都可以引导宾语从句Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?I dont know how far it is to the cinema .Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?Can you tell us how old his brother is ?Please tell us how soon you will be ready

6、 .Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从 句 时 态连 接 前连 接 后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时合并为一句1.“Are you a student ?” she asked me2.“she wants to join the PLA.” she said3.“Is the truck collecting rubbish outside?”Dad asked me4.“W

7、e will hold a sports meeting tomorrow.”Our teacher told us we 5.How long has it been like this? The man asked how She asked me if you are .She said that she wanted toDad asked me if the truck was Our teacher told us we wouldThe man asked how long it had been .二、时态1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时

8、），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whet

9、her his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library .His brother asks when will he g

10、o to the library . 2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/whether he knows Fr

11、ench . We want to know if/whether does he know French. 5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? They re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer . They re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer . 1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ? 2. Mr. Smith have

12、 been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao . Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith had been in China for about three years . 3. Which book should I read first ? Please tell me .4. Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told

13、 us in yesterdays class .Please tell me which book I should read first .Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class .1could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ?Could you tell us which gate we have to go t

14、o ?Would you like to know when he will come back ?2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用thatShe says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .He asks if I like playing the piano .You may ask the man over there how you can get to the

15、 bus station .3. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用ifCould you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ?Do you know whether he is right or not ?I dont care whether hell stay here or not .在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句 .宾语从句：宾语从句引导词时态语序1、That2、Whether/ if3、疑问词1、主句为现在时，从句的时态可以为任何时态。2、主句为过去时，从句的时态为过去时的一种。3、从句为客观真理，

16、自然现象，永恒不变的规律，只用一般现在时。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序。当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中通常省略。当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是 否“。 如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。 主句从句一般将来时态一般现在时态祈使句含有情态动词Do you know if _back next week ? If he _ back , please let me know .A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will c

17、ome , comes D. he will come , will come 4. 连词 if 和 when 在不同从句中的区别：CI dont know when he _ (come) . I cant wait here any more . When he _ (come) , would you please ask him to call me ?will comecomes1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2.We dont know _ th

18、ey did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that DABC5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D

19、. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whetherBABD1. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the

20、station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like3. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did yo

21、u liveCBD4. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is t

22、heir stockings in D.what in their stockingsDBD7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a

23、member of Greener China9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go BCD1. Could you tell me if they _ (work) in the factory so far .2. Did your parents tell you that the sun _ (rise) in east ?3. - What _ he _ (say) just now ? I _ (not can hear) him . - He _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday .4. Can you tell me when _ (leave) tomorrow?have workedrisesdidsaycouldnt hearsaidpla