北外 研究生入学考试 英语专业英语翻译2000试卷+答案

1、北京外国语大学2000 年研究生入学考试试卷英语翻译专业Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Explain what translation technique you use intranslatingtheitalicizedpartsandgiveyourreasonsinoneortwosentences.（30%）She lived and died avirgin.Thereisawonderfuluniverseouttherethatyoucouldntevenbegintodreamabout.Some of the

2、m suggested there might be a diplomatic price topayThe wait got the best of me, and I left my husband holding our place while I looked for aseat.Thebudgetbattlewas a nail-biter forPresidentClintonandthe two Democratsshepherding the bill through Congress.YouaretellingAbigelephantisnomoreanimalthanali

3、ttlecatisJaneskindlyandgentlenaturecouldnotbutrevoltathersisterscallousbehavior.The line outside the stock exchange wasfilledwithexcitedtalkersandcheckToday well lived makes every yesterday a memory of happiness and very tomorrow a vision ofhope. Translate the following two passages into Chinese:（30

4、%）The opening of doors is a mystic act: it has in it some flavor of the unknown, some sense of moving into a new moment, a new pattern of the human It includes the highest glimpses of mortal gladness: reunions, reconciliations, the bliss of lovers long parted. Even in sadness, the opening of a door

5、may bring relief: it changes and redistributes human forces. But the closing of door is far more terrible. It is a confession of finality. Every door closed brings something to an end. And there are degrees of sadness in the closing of doors. A door slammed is a confession of weakness. A door gently

6、 shut is often the most tragic gesture in life. Every one knows the seizure of anguish that comes after the closing of a door, when the loved one is still near, within sound of voice, and yet already faraway.*Rigmarole: an elaborate or complicated procedureIflanguageweresimplyanomenclatureforasetofu

7、niversalconcepts,itwouldbeeasyto translatefromonelanguagetoanother.OnewouldsimplyreplacetheFrenchnameforaconcept withtheEnglishname.Iflanguagewerelikethisthetaskoflearninganewlanguagewouldalso bemucheasierthanitis.Butanyonewhohasattemptedeitherofthesetaskshasacquired,alas,a vast amount of direct pro

8、of that languages are not nomenclatures, that the concepts of one languagedifferradicallyfromthoseofanotherEachlanguagearticulatesororganizestheworld differently.Languagesdonotsimplynameexistingcategories,theyarticulatetheirown. Translate the following sentences intoEnglish:（20%）这孩子不太听话。多吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。

9、110报警。良药苦口，忠言逆耳。男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处。瞧他那厚嘴唇，难看死了。两个小孩瞪大了眼睛，惊恐地望着他们。味道不错，果然名不虚传。她满脸通红，气喘吁吁，从大门跑了进来。TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish:（20%）落红吴照明崖壁上，几枝粗壮的树干突兀而出，显得虬劲有力，而地面落下的正是它的叶子。我信手拣起一枚叶，仔细地端详着它的构形：脉络清晰，精巧别致，与树干的形态形成鲜明的对比，这些小小的叶子呀，它们在春天的柔风中舞过，在夏天的烈日中歌过，风雨雷电的肆虐没有使它们屈服，但在强劲的秋风与冷酷的冰霜面前，它们却显得脆弱与无助，只能无奈

10、地融入大地，化作泥土。然而即使这样，它们也没有忘记大地母亲的养育之恩，在走向死亡的一瞬间，它们还要披上美丽的盛装，以舞者的资态，作一次神圣的涅盘，为大地奉上一曲无声的颂歌，这于悲壮之中，又显现出一种崇高。是宇宙的定势，自然的规律。答案部分：北京外国语大学2000 年研究生入学考试试卷英语翻译专业Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Explain what translation technique you use intranslatingtheitalicizedpartsandgiveyourreasonsinoneortwose

11、ntences.（30%）She lived and died avirgin.Thereisawonderfuluniverseouttherethatyoucouldntevenbegintodreamabout.Some of them suggested there might be a diplomatic price topay.The wait got the best of me, and I left my husband holding our place while I looked for aseat.Thebudgetbattlewas a nail-biter fo

12、rPresidentClintonandthe two Democratsshepherding the bill through Congress.YouaretellingAbigelephantisnomoreanimalthanalittlecatis.Janeskindlyandgentlenaturecouldnotbutrevoltathersisterscallousbehavior.The line outside the stock exchange wasfilledwithexcitedtalkersandcheckToday well lived makes ever

13、y yesterday a memory of happiness and very tomorrow a vision ofhope.译文：1她死的时候都还是处女。Integrate the meaning of lived with that implied by died to avoid repetition and awkwardness. 2那儿的那个宇宙非常奇妙，就连做梦都难以想象。In order to maintain the subjunctive mood indicated by the italicized part, functional words conveyi

14、ng similar mood in Chinese are added.有人认为为此可能得在外交方面付出代价。Turn the adjective diplomatic into a prepositional phrase to make the meaning of the sentence clear.我充分利用了这段等待的时间，让丈夫排着队，我自己先去找位子。Bring out the hidden meaning of the set phrase something get the best of somebody by paraphrasing it.是十分扣人心弦的。Turn

15、 the noun nail-biter into an adjective. Put the prepositional phrase in front of the main clause in the Chinese rendering.还用你来告诉我？In order to make the meaning clear and achieve the same effects as the original sentence I turn it into a rhetorical question.Turn the negative way of expressing into a p

16、ositive one by adding some functional words to convey the implied meaning.简性格和善而温柔，不由地对她姐姐的冷漠无情感到反感。Paraphrase the phrase could not but, which means “could only”. And split the sentence into two clauses.证券交易所外面排队的人们不是兴奋地在谈话，就是忙着在开支票。Bring out the meaning of filled with by adding Chinese functional w

17、ords. Turn the nouns describing a certain kind of person into adverbs and verbs modifying that kind of person.如果把今天过好了，那么回忆昨天就会觉得幸福，展望明天又会感到充满希望。Make the hidden logic indicating condition within the sentence explicit. Add verbs to makethe translation more idiomatic. Translate the following two passa

18、ges into Chinese:（30%）The opening of doors is a mystic act: it has in it some flavor of the unknown, some sense of moving into a new moment, a new pattern of the human It includes the highest glimpses of mortal gladness: reunions, reconciliations, the bliss of lovers long parted. Even in sadness, th

19、e opening of a door may bring relief: it changes and redistributes human forces. But the closing of door is far more terrible. It is a confession of finality. Every door closed brings something to an end. And there are degrees of sadness in the closing of doors. A door slammed is a confession of wea

20、kness. A door gently shut is often the most tragic gesture in life. Every one knows the seizure of anguish that comes after the closing of a door, when the loved one is still near, within sound of voice, and yet already faraway.*Rigmarole: an elaborate or complicated procedureIflanguageweresimplyano

21、menclatureforasetofuniversalconcepts,itwouldbeeasyto translatefromonelanguagetoanother.OnewouldsimplyreplacetheFrenchnameforaconcept withtheEnglishname.Iflanguagewerelikethisthetaskoflearninganewlanguagewouldalso bemucheasierthanitis.Butanyonewhohasattemptedeitherofthesetaskshasacquired,alas,a vast

22、amount of direct proof that languages are not nomenclatures, that the concepts of onelanguage differ radically from those of another Each language articulates or organizes the world differently. Languages do not simply name existing categories, they articulate their own.译 文 ： 1开门这个动作很神秘：既带着一点未知的意味，又

23、带着一点新时刻即将开始的感觉，是屋里屋外的人力如果语言仅仅是一系列普遍观念的系统命名法而已，那么把一种语言翻译成另一种语言就很简单了（可惜啊学习外语的人都拥有大量直接证据可以证明语言并不是系统命名法，而且一种语言表达的观念与另一种语言表达的观念大不相同每种语言用不同的方式来把世界系统化， 来组织世界。语言不仅给现存的事物类别命名，而且还系统地组织自己的类别。. Translate the following sentences intoEnglish:（20%）这孩子不太听话。多吃蔬菜对你的健康有益。110报警。良药苦口，忠言逆耳。男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处。瞧他那厚嘴唇，难看死了。两个小

24、孩瞪大了眼睛，惊恐地望着他们。味道不错，果然名不虚传。她满脸通红，气喘吁吁，从大门跑了进来。隋炀帝数征高丽，无功而返，耗尽了国家资源。Translation:This child is somewhatdisobedient.Its good for your health to have more vegetables.Pleasedial110tocallthepoliceincaseofemergency.Faithfulwordsoffendtheearsjustasgoodmedicinetastesbitter./Just as bitter medicine cures sick

25、ness, unpalatable advice benefits conduct.Men never weep unless deeplyhurt.What a nightmare of thick lips hehas!Thetwochildrenstaredatthemwithwideeyesingreathorror.This tastes great! It well deserves itsreputation.Sherushedinthroughthegatewithareddenedface,gasping.Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty lau

26、nched several attacks against Koryo, a dynasty in Korea from the year 918 to 1392, without accomplishing anything and thus exhausted Chinasnational resources. Translate the following passage intoEnglish:（20%）落吴照明崖壁上，几枝粗壮的树干突兀而出，显得遒劲有力，而地面落下的正是它的叶子。我信手拣起一枚叶，仔细地端详着它的构形：脉络清晰，精巧别致，与树干的形态形成鲜明的对比，这些小小的叶子呀

27、，它们在春天的柔风中舞过，在夏天的烈日中歌过，风雨雷电的肆虐没有使它们屈服，但在强劲的秋风与冷酷的冰霜面前，它们却显得脆弱与无助，只能无奈地融入大地，化作泥土。然而即使这样，它们也没有忘记大地母亲的养育之恩，在走向死亡的一瞬间，它们还要披上美丽的盛装，以舞者的姿态，作一次神圣的涅盘，为大地奉上一曲无声的颂歌，这于悲壮之中，又显现出一种崇高。是宇宙的定势，自然的规律。Translation:The Fallen LeavesBy Wu ZhaomingFromthecliffseveralthicktrunksprotruded,lookingsturdy.Thefallenleavesontheground were fromt