中考定语从句讲解(图文结合简单易懂)

1、中考定语从句解说定语从句请看下边的句子：Iwanttoknowtheboywhoisthetallest.句子做定语修饰boy（一）观点:定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子，叫定语从句。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：指引定语从句的词叫关系词。（二）定语从句的分类、限制性定语从句：从句不行少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完好。与先行词之间不用逗号。e.g:Thisisthebookthat/whichIwant.、非限制性定语从句：是对先行词的增补说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完好性。从句一般用逗号同主句分开。e.g:Mr.Green，whoiswatchin

2、gTV，ismyuncle.（三）(限制性)定语从句的构造Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when,why（四）定语从句的实质：二句合一（归并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）Maryisagirl.归并为一个句子Shehaslonghair.定语从句四部曲：1、写：两句（骨干+定语从句）2、找：相同部分先行词3、换：关系词（人or物）4、连：主句+从句Maryisagirl。Maryhaslonghair.Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.请把

3、以下句子二句合一Ilikethebook.Thebookisonthedesk.2.Thisistheman.Themanhelpedme.3.Thedoctorisinthethatroom.Iamlookingforthedoctor.（五）定语从句关系词确实定:(先行词决定关系词)a.先行词的分类b.先行词在从句中充任的成分1.先行词做主语人：who/that物：which/that2.先行词做宾语人：who/whom/that物：which/that3.先行词做定语人：whose物：whose/ofwhich4.先行词做状语：when,where,whywho/that作定语从句的主语

4、或宾语.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.做题思路：先分解剖析再归并分解Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.作主语Whom/that作定语从句的宾语Thewoman（whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.分解Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.作宾语注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.解题时，第一要联合选项对题干进行整体感知，确立定语从句的地点;依据定语从句中所缺乏的句子成分，剖析先行词逻辑上在

5、定语从句中的成分，既而选出正确的选项。比如：Canyoutellmethenameofthefactory_youvisitedlastweek?A.whatB.whereC./D.when简析：此题定语从句的主语、谓语、时间状语已具备，而visit是个及物动词，从语义上剖析，factory作visit的宾语。故只好选C(指引词在定语从句中作宾语时能够省略)。whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirlsmotherisateacher.作定语小结：关系词判断步骤第一，要鉴别出先行词。假如先行词是指

6、人,关系词可能就用假如先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that而后，要确立关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主语宾语人who,thatwho(m),that物which,which,thatthatwho,thatwhom,whose定语whosewhose,ofwhich。稳固练习：用适今世关系词填空Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.（六）只好用tha

7、t,不可以用which的状况：(1)先行词为all,everything，anything，nothing,something,nothing,few,little,much,theone等不定代词时；先行词被形容词最高等所修饰或被theonly,thevery,thelast,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等修饰时：先行词为数词或被序数词（含last)修饰时。4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。在以who,which开头的句子中为了防止重复。口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用that准没错先行词前有修饰，千万不可以用which.请在以下例句中领会以上规则：1.Hereisso

8、methingthatIwilltellyou.2.Wehaventgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.3.Isittheonethatyouwant?4.ThisisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverheard.IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsee.6.Whichisthebikethatyoulost?7.Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?（七）只好使用which的状况1.关系代词前有介词时；2.先行词自己是that时；3.非限制定

9、语从句口诀:要有which别焦急，介词提早逗隔绝。e.g:1.Thisistheclassroominwhichwestudiedfortwoyear.2.Shehastwodolls，whicharefromherparents增补：关系副词的用法1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。比如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他抵达的时间。2）where指地址，其先行词表示地址，在句中作地址状语。比如：Thisistheplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地址。3）why指原由，其先行词是原由，起原由状语作用。比如：Nobodyknows

10、thereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为何上学总迟到。注意下边句子：ThisistheplacewhereLiBaioncelived.这是李白以前生活过的地方。（上边这个句子不可以够将where试比较下句：where先行词是place）改为that，由于that不可以作为表示地址的关系副词。ThisistheplacethatLiBaioncevisited.这是李白以前旅行过的地方。（that的先行词相同是语从句中作宾语，能够省略，还能够用which替代）单项选择：place，但这个that是关系代词，在定1.Thisisthebag_mymoth

11、erboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Thegirl_yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as3.Isthisthefactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom4.Isthisfactoryalotofstudentsvisited?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.who5.Theonlylanguage_iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC

12、./D.it6.Thegirlhandedeverything_shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all7._cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho注意：当关系词作定语从句的主语时，从句谓语动词的形式应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。若句中无先行词，先补出先行词再判断用法。（4,7题）察看以下句子：1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboyslife2.正在

13、跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.3.住在近邻的那个小伙的是教师.Theyoungmanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.注意：定语从句的时态不受主句影响。用关系代词或关系副词将以下每对句子连成一个复合句Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.用适合的关系代词that，which，who，whom填空。1.Thefi