人教版高中英语必修二Unit4-Wildlife-protection词汇课件

1、词汇1. decrease vi.& vt. 减少；（使）变小；或变少 n. 减少；降低；减少的数量decrease (sth.) to/by.减少到/了increase vi.& vt.增加；增长；增强on the decrease/increase在减少/增加会员数减少到150人。 The membership _ 150. 班里人数减少了20人。The number of students in the class has _ 20. Is crime_? 犯罪案件是否在减少？decreased to has decreased by on the decrease2respond vi

2、.回答，答复；响应，作出反应 response n. 回答，回复；反应respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用回应某人(事)respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应in response to 作为对的反应(1)They still _ my letter.他们至今仍没有回我的信。(2)He _ my suggestion _ a laugh/_ laughing. 他对我的建议报以

3、一笑。(3)His illness _ treatment by drugs.他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。(4)My mother opened the door _ the knock, but there was no one outside.听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。havent responded toresponded towithbydidnt respond toin response to3certain adj. 确定的；一定；某(种)(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some。for a certain reasonfor some reason 由

4、于某种原因certain / some professors某些教授(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure。但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that.句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。“be certain/sure从句”(人)有把握/确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)“make certain/sure从句”弄清楚/确保make certain/sur

5、e of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)It is certain that. 一定会(不能用 sure) (1)There was _ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。(2)Are you _ it？你对此有把握吗？(3)He is _ his duty.他肯定会尽职。(4)_ he has wronged me.我确信他冤枉了我。(5)_ their team will win the match.他们队肯定会赢得比赛。a certain coldnesscertain about/ofcertain to d

6、oIm certain thatIts certain that4contain vt. 包含；容纳(hold)；容忍；抑制(control)He couldnt _for joy.他不胜欢喜。contain/include(1)contain 意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指的是包含的全部内容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。(2)include 意为“包含；连在内，计入，算入，包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。常用 “including被包括部分”或“被包括部分included”。couldnt contai

7、nhimself用 contain和 include的适当形式填空。(1)The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It _ a lot of fruit and green vegetables.(2)Everyone took part in the fight against the flood, _old people/ old people_.(3)The _ can _ 100 litres of water.includesincludingincludedcontainercontain5

8、. affect vt. 影响，侵袭；感动be greatly/deeply affectedbe affected by heat/coldbe affected with high fever(1)The amount of rain _ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。(2)One of her lungs _ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。(3)The audience _ by his speech.很/深受感动中暑/着凉发高烧affectsis affectedwere dee

9、ply affected【易混辨析】affect/effect/influenceaffect及物动词，“影响；（病）侵袭，感动，感染” ，指一时的影响，强调影响的动作。当其宾语是人时，强调引起心智上或感情上的影响。effect 名词，“结果，效果，作用，影响”，常用于词组：have an effect on/upon sb. 对有影响influence 可做动词也可做名词，表示“影响、感染” ，指使思想、行为、性质或发展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响，也可以指好的影响，这种影响常常是潜移默化的。 (1)Probably we _ each other.(2)To _ a polic

10、y is to have _ on it.influencedaffectan effect on5appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢；意识到appreciation n. 欣赏；感激appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人appreciate (one/ones) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if/when. 如果，我将不胜感激。当表示“感谢”的程度时，可用deeply, highly,（very）much等修饰（much修饰appreciate时，只能置于其前，very much可以置于其后）。

11、(1)He highly _.他非常感谢他的帮助。(2)We shall _you again.我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。(3)I really _ to the party.你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。(4)I would _ you could help me.如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。appreciated his helpappreciate hearing fromappreciate your comingappreciate it if1. die out 灭亡；绝种；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失be dying for 渴望；很想 be dying to do sth.

12、渴望；急切做某事 die away （尤指声音、光、风）逐渐消失;减弱die down 渐弱；渐息；（风、雨、火、浪等）平息die off （家族，种族等）相继死亡；绝种die from/of 因而死。通常由疾病、饥寒、情感原因造成的死亡，用die of（内因）；die from指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度等而死（外因）。(1) Scientists said that those plants _ a century ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。(2) Many old customs _. 许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。(3)If the snowstorm

13、does not blow over, the cattle will _.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。(4)Open the air hole; the fire _.把气孔打开，火要熄了。(5)Every winter some old people 15_ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。(6)Nowadays many people _ cancer.现在有很多人死于癌症。died outare dying outdie offis dying downdie fromdie of2. in danger (of) 在危险中;垂危be in danger

14、 of 处于的危险中be out of danger 脱离危险endanger vt. 危害，危及endangered adj. 有生命危险的；濒临灭绝的很明显,这女孩的生命危在旦夕。 The girls life was obviously _ .这位病人有死亡的危险。 The patient is _ death.受伤的警察现已脱离危险。 The wounded policeman is now _ .与 in/out of 搭配的短语in trouble 在困境中 in peace 和平/和睦地 安详地 in order 有秩序in sight 看得见 in fashion时尚 out

15、of sight 看不见 out of trouble 摆脱困境out of fashion 过时 out of order出故障 in immediate danger in danger ofout of danger3. protect.from保护不受（危害）keep.from doing sth.=prevent/stop.(from) doing sth.阻止做某事keep.doing sth. 使一直干某事 defend from/against 保护使免于prevent/stop. (from) doing sth.结构用在主动语态中时，from可以省略，若用在被动语态中则不能

16、省略。【易混辨析】defend/ protect/ guard/preserve defend保卫；防护；防守（含有采取措施抵制进攻的意思）。protect常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻的意思。guard含有看守的意思。preserve指采取措施维护、保护、保存。选词填空（defend/protect/guard/preserve）You must learn to _ yourself from the danger. She had to _ herself against the guard dog. A policeman was _ the entrance to the

17、 embassy.It is one of the duties of the police to _ public tectdefend guardingpreserve8. come into being 形成；产生【联想拓展】come into 进入；得到come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在come into effect/force/operation 开始生效；开始实施come into use 开始被使用come into power 上台执政come into fashion 开始流行come into office 就职come int

18、o action 开始行动【即学即练】完成句子三年后他上台掌权了。 Three years later, he _ _ _ .我们不知道世界是何时形成的。 We do not know when this world _ _ _ .答案：came into power came into being用法点拨： come into后面加名词构成的短语一般为不及物动词短语，因此不能用在被动语态中。这一类词组也不能用于进行时态。【即学即练】单项填空Before the computer _, people could never imagine it could bring about such g

19、reat changes to human life. A. came into being B. was discovered C. was come into being D. was formed 解析:选A。句意为：在电脑出现之前，人们绝不会想到它会给人类的生活带来如此巨大的变化。电脑不能说是“被发现”或“被形成”的，故排除B、D两项；come into being不能用于被动语态和进行时，故选A。9. After a while she saw.with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.(P28)过了一会儿，她看到

20、黑白相间的斑马穿梭于它们的腹下。with+宾语+宾补结构,在句中常作方式,伴随,原因,条件状语及定语。【联想拓展】with 的复合结构中作补语的除了是现在分词以外，还可以是形容词、副词、过去分词、介词短语、动词不定式等。They shouldnt leave the workshop with the machines still running. 在机器还运转着的情况下，他们不应该离开车间。The children fell asleep with the window open.窗子还开着孩子们就睡着了。 With our work finished, we can have a rest

21、.既然我们的工作做完了，我们可以休息了。 The teacher walked into the classroom with a book in his hand.老师拿着一本书走进了教室。 With many things to deal with, I have to stop listening to the light music. 有许多事情要处理，我只好停止听轻音乐。 用法点拨：with为介词，后面跟复合结构，因此不能采用句子的形式，其结构应是“with+名词/代词+补足语”。【即学即练】完成句子 （原创）站着的时候不要把你的手插在口袋里。 Dont stand _ _ _ _

22、_ _.新老板很担心，因为有很多事要处理。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, the new boss worried a lot.答案：with your hands in your pocketsWith a lot of things to be solved . 完成句子1. 你知道世界如何形成的吗？ Do you know how did the world _ _ _ ?2. 在冬天你应该盖上东西保护那些植物不要冻坏。 In winter, you should cover something to _ the plants _ the cold.3. 他处于极度危险中。 He is _ great _.4. 他没有努力学习，结果考试不及格。 He didnt work hard. _ _ _ , he f